• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2014

Viscum album var. coloratum (mistletoe) is considered as one of the endangered plant species in Korea. Our objective is to restore its population and multiplication of plant by ex situ method. In this research we explored the maximum germination (in vitro) of freshly harvested and stored seeds of mistletoe collected in different time intervals. Ex vitro germination after artificial inoculation on the branches of Prunus mume in different physiological conditions was also monitored. The research revealed that the lately harvested seeds (Feb. and March 2014) were superior over early harvested seeds (Nov. 2013 and Jan. 2014) of mistletoe due to the higher percentage of germination (above 93%). According to the data, it is also revealed that the survival and germination rate of mistletoe seeds decreased with the increase in storage duration. In ex vitro germination, the fluctuated temperature of a glass house in natural condition enhanced (four fold) the rate of germination on the branches of Prunus mume than the constant temperature condition in the glass house.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2014

고추 탄저병에 대한 보르도액의 방제효과 시험을 in vitro와 in vivo 상태에서 실시하였다. PDA 배지와 셀로판막에서 고추 탄저병균의 균사생장과 포자발아에 대한 억제효과를 조사하였으며, 고추 열매의 표면에서 포자발아와 병 발생에 대한 억제효과를 조사하였다. 또한 2012년과 2013년 2년 동안 고추 포장에서 탄저병 방제 효과를 조사하였다. 탄저병균인 Colletotrichum acutatum JC24는 $4,685{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$의 보르도액을 첨가한 PDA배지에서 균사생장이 90.0% 억제되었지만, $937{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 처리구에서는 균사생장이 전혀 억제되지 않았다. 셀로판막에서 $187{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$의 보르도액을 처리하였을 때 C. acutatum JC24의 포자발아가 100% 억제되었고, 고추 열매 상에서는 병원균을 상처 접종하였을 때와 무상처 접종하였을 때, 각각 88.1%와 91.3%가 억제되었다. 고추 열매에 병원균을 무상처 접종하였을 때, $937{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$의 보르도액 처리구에서 방제가는 58.8%이었지만, 상처 접종을 할 경우에는 효과가 17.6%로 크게 감소하였다. 포장에서도 보르도액은 2012년과 2013년에 55.7%와 61.7%의 효과를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 보르도액은 친환경농자재로서 C. acutatum에 의한 고추 탄저병을 방제하는데 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.221-224
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• 2002

In vitro and in vivo activities of a biocontrol agent, Serratia plymuthica strain A2l-4, was evaluated for the control of Phytophthora blight of pepper, Strain A2l-4 inhibited mycelial growth, germination of zoosporangia and cystospores, and formation of zoospore and zoosporangia of Phytophthora capsici in vitro. In the pot experiment, incidence of Phytophthora blight of pepper in non-treated control was 100% at 14 days after inoculation, while no disease was observed in the plot treated with S. plymuthica A2l-4. In the greenhouse test, infection rate of pepper in the non-treated plots was 74.5%, while it was only 12.6％ in the plots treated with A2l-4. Results indicate that S. plymuthica A2l-4 is a potential biocontrol agent for Phytophthora blight of pepper.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2002

The mycelia were directly isolated from eight species of fungal basidiocarps, confirmed to the ectomycorrhiza in the roots from the fields(forestry); Suillus bovinus, Paxillus involutus, Lactarius hysginus, Russula fragilis, Lepista nuda, Lyophyllum shimeji, Tricholoma matsutake, and Russula integra. The mycelia were pure-cultured with several transferring in various agars, and inoculated to the roots of pine(Pinus densiflora) seedling by in vitro method. After ten months growth under artificially aseptic conditions, all pine seedlings inoculated were stimulated at the growth-height, whereas those not inoculated were nearly dead. Also, the ramifications of ectomycorrhizal pine roots formed in the synthetic in vitro systems and were various according to the different mycelia. Synthesis of ectomycorrhiza were clearly confirmed in ten months growth, but not distinguished at this moment. It was clearly proved that the mycelia isolated caused the ectomycorrhizae in the roots of pine seedlings.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.367-373
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• 1995

The cDNAs derived from the coat protein (CP) genes of six plant RNA viruses, tobacco mosaic virus-pepper strains (TMV-P) and -ordinary strain (TMV-OM), potato virus Y (PVY), turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and potato leafroll virus (PLRV), were subcloned into the transcription vector, pSPT18, containing SP6 and T7 promoters. The digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled RNA polymerase after linearlization of the cloned pSPTs with XbaI or SacI, and were tested for their sensitivities for the detection of the six viruses. In slot-blot hybridization, dilution end points for the detection of TMV-P and TMV-OM were 10-4, while those of PVY, TuMV and CMV were 10-3. PLRV was detected at the dilution of 10-2. When each RNA probe was applied for the detection of the viruses in the preparations from the leaf disks (8 mm in diameter, and 12 to 15 mg in weight) of infected natural host plants, TMV-P, TMV-OM and TuMV could be detected from one disk, while PVY from 1 or 2 disks. CMV was detected in the preparation from two disks, and PLRV from three disks. With DIG-labeled RNA probe, PVY was detected at 5 days after inoculation, but with ELISA the virus was detected at 8 days after inoculation to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc) plants on which symptoms appeared at 9 days after inoculation. No difference was observed in cross reaction between the RNA probes for the detection of TMV-P and TMV-OM.

• 식물병연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2002

딸기탄저병의 발병특성은 정식 직후 격발하다가 시간이 지날수록 발병율이 감소하였으며, 11월 이후에는 발병이 감소하였다. 정식 직후에는 주로 런너로 침입하였으나 엽병 제거 후는 제거한 상처부위로 주로 침입을 하였다. 식물체의 부위별로는 런너에서 가장 강한 병원력을 보였으며 접종방법별로는 생장점 부위로 관주를 할 경우 가장 발병율이 높았다. 딸기탄저병에 의해 고사된 포기를 제거한 자리에 건전한 포기를 심었을 경우 옮겨 심은 포기에서는 발병이 되지 않았다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.519-527
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• 2016

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi, is a serious disease incurring heavy yield losses in the bulb and seed crop of onion and garlic worldwide. There is an immediate need for identification of effective resistance sources for use in host resistance breeding. A total of 43 Allium genotypes were screened for purple blotch resistance under field conditions. Allium cepa accession 'CBT-Ac77' and cultivar 'Arka Kalyan' were observed to be highly resistant. In vitro inoculation of a selected set of genotypes with A. porri, revealed that 7 days after inoculation was suitable to observe the disease severity. In vitro screening of 43 genotypes for resistance to A. porri revealed two resistant lines. An additional 14 genotypes showed consistent moderate resistance in the field as well as in vitro evaluations. Among the related Allium species, A. schoenoprasum and A. roylei showed the least disease index and can be used for interspecific hybridization with cultivated onion. Differential reaction analysis of three A. porri isolates (Apo-Chiplima, Apn-Nasik, Apg-Guntur) in 43 genotypes revealed significant variation among the evaluated Allium species (P = 0.001). All together, the present study suggest that, the newly identified resistance sources can be used as potential donors for ongoing purple blotch resistance breeding program in India.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.153-166
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• 1984

The anticancer activities of petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng root(crude GX) and its partially purified fraction from silicic acid column chromatography (7:3 GX) were studied with Sarcoma 180(S-180) or Walker carcinosarcoma 256 (Walker 256) in vivo and with L1210 leukemic lympocyte in vitro. Potential cytotoxic activities of the crude GX and against L1210 cells were compared with those of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and saponin derivatives (Panax-diol, Panax-triol, Diol saponin, Triol saponin) in vitro. In order to observe the physiological effects of the crude GX and 7:3 GX on the animals with cancer, hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell(R.B.C) and white blood cell after treatment with each GX in comparison with corresponding control groups, respectively. The anticancer effects of the crude GX and 7:3 GX were estimated by measuring the survival time of S-180 bearing mice after treatment with them. The experimental results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The one unit of cytotoxic activity against L1210 cells was equivalent to 2.54$\mu\textrm{g}$ and 0.88$\mu\textrm{g}$of the crude GX and 7:3 GX per ml of culture medium, respectively. 2. The cytotoxic activities of Panax-diol, Panax=triol, Diol saponin and triol saponin against L1210 cells were not detected. 3. The anticancer activities of 5-FU against L1210, S-180 and Walker 256 were very effective in vivo and vitro tests. 4. The significantly increased W.B.C values of mice after inoculation with S-180 cells were reduced to normal range by the crude GX treatment. 5. The significantly decreased Hb values of rats after inoculation with Walker 256 were recovered to normal range by oral administration of the crude GX. 6. The survival times of mice inoculated with S-180 cells were extended about 1.5 to 2 times by the 7:3 GX treatment compared with their control group.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.129.2-129.2
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• 2003

Antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of an aqueous extract (GF100) of Acanthopanax senticosus was examined. In experimental lung metastasis of colon26-M3.l carcinoma cells, intravenous (i.v.) administration of GF100 2 days before tumor inoculation significantly inhibited lung metastasis in a dose-dependant manner. The i.v. administration of GF100 also exhibited the therapeutic effect on tumor metastasis of colon26-M3.1 cells, when it was injected 1 day after tumor inoculation. In an in vitro cytotoxicity analysis, GF100 enhanced the responsiveness to a mitogen, concanavalin A (ConA), of splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner. (omitted)

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.883-890
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• 2015

토양 전염균인 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii(Fol)은 식물에 심각한 위협을 주는 균으로 특히 백합의 구근과 꽃에 심각한 영향을 준다. 따라서 저항성 품종의 육성이 중요시되고 있는데, 저항성 품종이 육성되기 위해서는 신속, 간편한 검정법 체계와 유전적 다양성이 요구되는 상황이다. 본 실험에서는 기내배양시스템을 이용하여 백합의 Fol에 대한 저항성 정도를 효율적으로 검정하는 방법을 확립하고자 하였다. 병원균의 배양조건, 병원균의 식물체 접종 농도, 대상 절편체 종류, 접종 후 적정 발병 기간 등과 같은 조건을 단독, 혹은 조합하여 실험 한 결과 다음의 기내검정조건을 확립하였다. Fol균을 6일 동안 PDA 배지에서 배양한 후 포자 현탁액을 $1.0{\times}10^4$ $spores{\cdot}mL^{-1}$농도로 조절하여 기내배양 중인 식물체의 잎을 $1.5{\times}2.0cm^2$의 크기로 절단하여 $25^{\circ}C$, 암조건에서 22시간 침지시켜 접종하였다. 접종이 끝난 잎절편체는 0.6% 한천배지에 치상하여 온도 $25^{\circ}C$, 습도 50%, 16시간 광조건(광도 $40{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$)을 유지하면서 병의 발달을 관찰하였다. 발병 정도를 지수화하여 통계처리를 하였다. 기내검정을 통하여 저항성 및 민감성으로 선발한 백합종들을 토양검정법으로 실험한 결과 동일한 저항성 정도를 얻을 수 있었으며, 이는 본 연구에서 확립한 Fol에 대한 구근부패병 기내검정법이 효율적으로 품종 선발에 이용될 수 있음을 보여준다고 하겠다.