• Title/Summary/Keyword: Improvement Task

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The effects of stepping in place tempo and roundhouse kick types on response time in taekwondo (태권도에서 제자리딛기 템포와 돌려차기 유형이 응답시간에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jong-Hwa;Song, Young-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.870-877
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the effects of stepping-in-place tempo and roundhouse kick types on response time. Fifteen males participated in this experiment. All have over ten years of experience and hold a forth dan(degree) black belt in taekwondo. The task is when the participants are doing stepping in place they respond to the light stimulus as fast as they can do roundhouse kick. Five different stepping in place tempos (100, 120, 140, 160, and 180 bpm) and four different types of roundhouse kick(front leg body roundhouse kick, front leg head roundhouse kick, back leg body roundhouse kick, and back leg head roundhouse kick) were used. Three measurements were taken for each of the different combinations of conditions for a total of 60 measurements. For data analysis, two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used and pair-wise comparisons were performed using bonferroni statistics. The results show that there was significant difference interaction effect between stepping in place tempo and roundhouse kick type in the response time. And, there were significant difference in main effect of response time in accordance with stepping in place tempo and roundhouse kick type. The response time of roundhouse kick was the fastest at 160 bpm of stepping in place tempo, but there was no significant difference between 140 and 160 bpm. Front leg body roundhouse kick was the fastest. And, the response time was the fastest when front leg body roundhouse kicked at 140 bpm of stepping in place tempo. Stepping in place tempo between 140 and 160 bpm is the most effective to optimize the response time. And, More effective response time was front leg roundhouse kick as compared with back leg roundhouse kick and, body roundhouse kick as compared with head roundhouse kick. The findings in this study will provide useful information for performance improvement and will help with strategy for taekwondo competition.

Improving the Accuracy of Document Classification by Learning Heterogeneity (이질성 학습을 통한 문서 분류의 정확성 향상 기법)

  • Wong, William Xiu Shun;Hyun, Yoonjin;Kim, Namgyu
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.21-44
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    • 2018
  • In recent years, the rapid development of internet technology and the popularization of smart devices have resulted in massive amounts of text data. Those text data were produced and distributed through various media platforms such as World Wide Web, Internet news feeds, microblog, and social media. However, this enormous amount of easily obtained information is lack of organization. Therefore, this problem has raised the interest of many researchers in order to manage this huge amount of information. Further, this problem also required professionals that are capable of classifying relevant information and hence text classification is introduced. Text classification is a challenging task in modern data analysis, which it needs to assign a text document into one or more predefined categories or classes. In text classification field, there are different kinds of techniques available such as K-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes Algorithm, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Artificial Neural Network. However, while dealing with huge amount of text data, model performance and accuracy becomes a challenge. According to the type of words used in the corpus and type of features created for classification, the performance of a text classification model can be varied. Most of the attempts are been made based on proposing a new algorithm or modifying an existing algorithm. This kind of research can be said already reached their certain limitations for further improvements. In this study, aside from proposing a new algorithm or modifying the algorithm, we focus on searching a way to modify the use of data. It is widely known that classifier performance is influenced by the quality of training data upon which this classifier is built. The real world datasets in most of the time contain noise, or in other words noisy data, these can actually affect the decision made by the classifiers built from these data. In this study, we consider that the data from different domains, which is heterogeneous data might have the characteristics of noise which can be utilized in the classification process. In order to build the classifier, machine learning algorithm is performed based on the assumption that the characteristics of training data and target data are the same or very similar to each other. However, in the case of unstructured data such as text, the features are determined according to the vocabularies included in the document. If the viewpoints of the learning data and target data are different, the features may be appearing different between these two data. In this study, we attempt to improve the classification accuracy by strengthening the robustness of the document classifier through artificially injecting the noise into the process of constructing the document classifier. With data coming from various kind of sources, these data are likely formatted differently. These cause difficulties for traditional machine learning algorithms because they are not developed to recognize different type of data representation at one time and to put them together in same generalization. Therefore, in order to utilize heterogeneous data in the learning process of document classifier, we apply semi-supervised learning in our study. However, unlabeled data might have the possibility to degrade the performance of the document classifier. Therefore, we further proposed a method called Rule Selection-Based Ensemble Semi-Supervised Learning Algorithm (RSESLA) to select only the documents that contributing to the accuracy improvement of the classifier. RSESLA creates multiple views by manipulating the features using different types of classification models and different types of heterogeneous data. The most confident classification rules will be selected and applied for the final decision making. In this paper, three different types of real-world data sources were used, which are news, twitter and blogs.

The Influence of Case-Based Learning using video In Emergency care of infant and toddlers (영유아 응급처치 교육에서의 동영상 활용 사례기반학습의 효과)

  • Cho, Hye-Young;Kang, Kyoung-Ah
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.12
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    • pp.292-300
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of case-based learning about infants and toddlers on healthcare department students, using a video in an emergency care environment. A total of 57 students from a healthcare department of D university in J city were enrolled. They were divided into two groups: The experimental group (n=29) and the control group (n=28). This study is pre-post designed with a non-equivalent control group. The experimental group received a 1-week education for a duration of 3 weeks (3 sessions in total) with 180 minutes per session. The control group received a traditional curriculum of lecture. Before and after the education, we measured the knowledge and skill confidence of emergency care toward infants and toddlers, the academic self-efficacy, and problem solving ability. Data collection and intervention were carried out from November to December of 2014. Data were analyzed with x2-test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test with SPSS version 20.0 Program. The experimental group showed a significantly higher improvement of skill confidence of emergency care toward infants and toddlers (P<001), as well as preferred task difficulty among sub-items of academic self-efficacy (p=.029), approach avoidance style (P=.001), and problem solving confidence (p=.040) among sub-items of problem solving ability on preference compared with the control group. In this study, a case-based learning was verified to be an effective teaching method to enhance professional competency of healthcare department students. The findings from this study suggest that a case-based learning using various educational contents should be developed, expanded, and carried out to promote better learning.

A Study on Women's Casino Security Employees (여성 카지노 시큐리티 종사원에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyeong-seok
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.62
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    • pp.135-158
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    • 2020
  • In casinos, security personnel who manage the safety of customers and employees play a very important role. In particular, there is a high percentage of female employees in casinos, and because the ratio of female and male employees is similar, the probability of female customers or female employees experiencing accidents may be similar to or higher than that of males. Women's security agents who handle women's case accidents can provide female customers and employees with a security service that only women can do. However, most of the agents doing security work at casinos are male, and the proportion of women is very low. Therefore, this research is about employees who are currently working as women in casinos and conducted qualitative research to find out about various experiences they experienced while working in the casino. A total of five study participants were interviewed three times to analyze and categorize the data collected. The first question is the professor's recommendation, his personal information search and his acquaintance's recommendation. The second question, the factors behind the necessary skills at work, are various athletic skills, good physical conditions and foreign language skills. In the third question, the satisfaction factors of the task are the scarcity value of the work, the satisfaction of the pay, the suitability of the individual and the expectation of the future, and the unsatisfactory factors of the work are the risk of the work, the stress on the customer, the discrimination against the sex, the gaze around, the tiredness of the shift work. In the fourth question, factors on the need for female casino security agents are providing differentiated services to female customers, protecting female employees and providing opportunities for women in related majors. The results of this study were interviewed by an expert of more than 20 years in the casino security business, and female casino security agents said that since it is a necessary requirement, they should seek a direction for development through institutional and cognitive improvement.

The Sensitivity Analyses of Initial Condition and Data Assimilation for a Fog Event using the Mesoscale Meteorological Model (중규모 기상 모델을 이용한 안개 사례의 초기장 및 자료동화 민감도 분석)

  • Kang, Misun;Lim, Yun-Kyu;Cho, Changbum;Kim, Kyu Rang;Park, Jun Sang;Kim, Baek-Jo
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.567-579
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    • 2015
  • The accurate simulation of micro-scale weather phenomena such as fog using the mesoscale meteorological models is a very complex task. Especially, the uncertainty arisen from initial input data of the numerical models has a decisive effect on the accuracy of numerical models. The data assimilation is required to reduce the uncertainty of initial input data. In this study, the limitation of the mesoscale meteorological model was verified by WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model for a summer fog event around the Nakdong river in Korea. The sensitivity analyses of simulation accuracy from the numerical model were conducted using two different initial and boundary conditions: KLAPS (Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System) and LDAPS (Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System) data. In addition, the improvement of numerical model performance by FDDA (Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation) using the observational data from AWS (Automatic Weather System) was investigated. The result of sensitivity analysis showed that the accuracy of simulated air temperature, dew point temperature, and relative humidity with LDAPS data was higher than those of KLAPS, but the accuracy of the wind speed of LDAPS was lower than that of KLAPS. Significant difference was found in case of relative humidity where RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) for LDAPS and KLAPS was 15.7 and 35.6%, respectively. The RMSE for air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity was improved by approximately $0.3^{\circ}C$, $0.2m\;s^{-1}$, and 2.2%, respectively after incorporating the FDDA.

The Development and Effectiveness of a PBL Based Career Education Program (PBL 기반 진로교육 프로그램의 개발 및 효과검증)

  • Lee, Hye-Suk;Kim, You-Me
    • The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.33-50
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to develop a PBL-based career education program and to examine its effectiveness on school children's career maturity. It's specifically meant to prepare a career education program to assist students to get an accurate grip on their aptitude, interest and personality and explore various sorts of occupations in the course of solving authentic and contextual career-related problems. After children's developmental characteristics and needs were analyzed, task analysis was implemented, and the objectives were defined. And then the core of the program, PBL problems were developed, and the validity of the problems were verified Evaluation plans and tools were prepared to assess children's problem-solving process and presentation, and an online learning space was designed. The program that consisted of 10-minute 21 sessions was provided to fifth-grade elementary schoolers for eight weeks. The findings of the study were as follows: The experimental group that participated in the PBL-based career education program showed a more significant improvement than the control group that didn't in career attitude and three career attitude subfactors involving planness, disposition and compromise. And the former made a more significant progress than the latter in career ability and its subfactors including vocational comprehension, self-understanding and decision-making skills as well. As a result of making a content analysis to make up for the survey, the students reported that they were able to get an objective understanding of themselves and acquire diverse and profound knowledge on work and the business world in the middle of solving the given PBL problems related to different areas in group and giving a presentation. In conclusion, a PBL based career education program developed by this researcher encouraged the students to have an objective self-understanding, to have a dynamic interactive discussion with their group members. Therefore the program had a positive impact on boosting the career attitude and career ability of the elementary schoolers. The findings suggested that in the field of elementary career education, autonomous learning attitude and subjecthood are the crucial factors to stimulate school children to explore and create their own future.

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A Research in Applying Big Data and Artificial Intelligence on Defense Metadata using Multi Repository Meta-Data Management (MRMM) (국방 빅데이터/인공지능 활성화를 위한 다중메타데이터 저장소 관리시스템(MRMM) 기술 연구)

  • Shin, Philip Wootaek;Lee, Jinhee;Kim, Jeongwoo;Shin, Dongsun;Lee, Youngsang;Hwang, Seung Ho
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.169-178
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    • 2020
  • The reductions of troops/human resources, and improvement in combat power have made Korean Department of Defense actively adapt 4th Industrial Revolution technology (Artificial Intelligence, Big Data). The defense information system has been developed in various ways according to the task and the uniqueness of each military. In order to take full advantage of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, it is necessary to improve the closed defense datamanagement system.However, the establishment and usage of data standards in all information systems for the utilization of defense big data and artificial intelligence has limitations due to security issues, business characteristics of each military, anddifficulty in standardizing large-scale systems. Based on the interworking requirements of each system, data sharing is limited through direct linkage through interoperability agreement between systems. In order to implement smart defense using the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, it is urgent to prepare a system that can share defense data and make good use of it. To technically support the defense, it is critical to develop Multi Repository Meta-Data Management (MRMM) that supports systematic standard management of defense data that manages enterprise standard and standard mapping for each system and promotes data interoperability through linkage between standards which obeys the Defense Interoperability Management Development Guidelines. We introduced MRMM, and implemented by using vocabulary similarity using machine learning and statistical approach. Based on MRMM, We expect to simplify the standardization integration of all military databases using artificial intelligence and bigdata. This will lead to huge reduction of defense budget while increasing combat power for implementing smart defense.

Early Identification of Gifted Young Children and Dynamic assessment (유아 영재의 판별과 역동적 평가)

  • 장영숙
    • Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.131-153
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    • 2001
  • The importance of identifying gifted children during early childhood is becoming recognized. Nonetheless, most researchers preferred to study the primary and secondary levels where children are already and more clearly demonstrating what talents they have, and where more reliable predictions of gifted may be made. Comparatively lisle work has been done in this area. When we identify giftedness during early childhood, we have to consider the potential of the young children rather than on actual achievement. Giftedness during early childhood is still developing and less stable than that of older children and this prevents us from making firm and accurate predictions based on children's actual achievement. Dynamic assessment, based on Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development(ZPD), suggests a new idea in the way the gifted young children are identified. In light of dynamic assessment, for identifying the potential giftedness of young children. we need to involve measuring both unassisted and assisted performance. Dynamic assessment usually consists of a test-intervene-retest format that focuses attention on the improvement in child performance when an adult provides mediated assistance on how to master the testing task. The advantages of the dynamic assessment are as follows: First, the dynamic assessment approach can provide a useful means for assessing young gifted child who have not demonstrated high ability on traditional identification method. Second, the dynamic assessment approach can assess the learning process of young children. Third, the dynamic assessment can lead an individualized education by the early identification of young gifted children. Fourth, the dynamic assessment can be a more accurate predictor of potential by linking diagnosis and instruction. Thus, it can make us provide an educational treatment effectively for young gifted children.

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Korean Ocean Forecasting System: Present and Future (한국의 해양예측, 오늘과 내일)

  • Kim, Young Ho;Choi, Byoung-Ju;Lee, Jun-Soo;Byun, Do-Seong;Kang, Kiryong;Kim, Young-Gyu;Cho, Yang-Ki
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.89-103
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    • 2013
  • National demands for the ocean forecasting system have been increased to support economic activity and national safety including search and rescue, maritime defense, fisheries, port management, leisure activities and marine transportation. Further, the ocean forecasting has been regarded as one of the key components to improve the weather and climate forecasting. Due to the national demands as well as improvement of the technology, the ocean forecasting systems have been established among advanced countries since late 1990. Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) significantly contributed to the achievement and world-wide spreading of ocean forecasting systems. Four stages of GODAE were summarized. Goal, vision, development history and research on ocean forecasting system of the advanced countries such as USA, France, UK, Italy, Norway, Australia, Japan, China, who operationally use the systems, were examined and compared. Strategies of the successfully established ocean forecasting systems can be summarized as follows: First, concentration of the national ability is required to establish successful operational ocean forecasting system. Second, newly developed technologies were shared with other countries and they achieved mutual and cooperative development through the international program. Third, each participating organization has devoted to its own task according to its role. In Korean society, demands on the ocean forecasting system have been also extended. Present status on development of the ocean forecasting system and long-term plan of KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration), KHOA (Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration), NFRDI (National Fisheries Research & Development Institute), ADD (Agency for Defense Development) were surveyed. From the history of the pre-established systems in other countries, the cooperation among the relevant Korean organizations is essential to establish the accurate and successful ocean forecasting system, and they can form a consortium. Through the cooperation, we can (1) set up high-quality ocean forecasting models and systems, (2) efficiently invest and distribute financial resources without duplicate investment, (3) overcome lack of manpower for the development. At present stage, it is strongly requested to concentrate national resources on developing a large-scale operational Korea Ocean Forecasting System which can produce open boundary and initial conditions for local ocean and climate forecasting models. Once the system is established, each organization can modify the system for its own specialized purpose. In addition, we can contribute to the international ocean prediction community.

A Study on the Reality and Improvement of Autonomous Police System in Jeju Special Self-Government Province (제주자치경찰 시스템의 실태와 발전모델에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Chul-Ok
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.14
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    • pp.485-516
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    • 2007
  • Jeju Special Self-Government Province adopted an autonomous police system for the first time since 60 years in Korean police. The purpose of autonomous police system is to offer a police service to be suitable in regional conditions. But Jeju autonomous police system for nearly one year after adoption is criticized to be established on the ground of political reason but not local decentralization. Actually Jeju autonomous police has not a clear cut jurisdiction and operation scope because of the jurisdiction duplication between national and autonomous police. The original task is confined on environment and sightseeing so on given to administration police for local self-government. So criminal investigation authority on general crimes is not to Jeuju autonomous police on account of special judicial police. First, it is the structural rationalization of Jeju autonomous police system. It speaks that Jeju provincial police bureau and police station have to be as national police institution, on the other hand, patrol district station and police box have to be as autonomous police institution. Of course, functional division has to be followed. National police performs managing all the assembly and demonstration by the management law on assembly and demonstration including the suppression against any large scale demonstration and disturbance, also the investigation on serious crimes just as international crimes and broaden area crimes including all the felony. Together national police performs the duty concerned to all the foreign affairs and national securities in along with the investigation on traffic accidents. On the other hand, autonomous police performs the function for citizen's life safety as crime prevention and the enforcement on the violation against police operation law, together the traffic management and the regulation on traffic violations. and the investigation on minor crime as simple violence or petty larceny including the management on local big events. Second, the budgetary of autonomous police is rationalized by the share of budgeting between Korean government and Jeju special self-government province. Third, urgent arrest authority on general crime and the rights of claims for the summary trial on minor crimes are given to autonomous police. Of course, this problem is resolved naturally in case of giving the investigation rights to autonomous police on minor crimes.

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