• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to verify the effect of applying a pressure biofeedback unit on walking ability and knee joint function while performing knee joint extensor strengthening exercises using resistance exercise equipment in total knee replacement (TKR) patients. Methods: This study was conducted on twelve patients receiving rehabilitation treatment after being admitted to a rehabilitation hospital post-TKR. Of these, six were allocated to a feedback group with a pressure biofeedback unit, and the other 6 were allocated to a control group without a pressure biofeedback unit. The subjects performed an exercise program for 45 minutes per session, five times a week, for two weeks. Walking ability and knee joint function were evaluated and analyzed before and after exercise. Results: The feedback group showed significantly better improvements in walking speed, gait cycle, step length on the non-operation side, time on the foot on the operation side, K-WOMAC stiffness, and K-WOMAC function than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: When strengthening the knee joint extensor muscles using resistance exercise equipment in TKR patients, the provision of a pressure biofeedback unit was found to improve walking ability and knee joint function by inducing concentric-eccentric contraction of the knee joint extensor muscles. Therefore, the study shows that exercise based on the provision of a pressure biofeedback unit should be considered when strengthening knee joint extensor muscles to improve the walking ability and knee joint function of TKR patients in clinical practice.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2020

합성곱 신경망은 합성곱층과 완전연결층으로 구성되어 있다. 합성곱층과 완전연결층의 각 층에서는 비선형 활성함수를 사용하고 있다. 활성함수는 뉴런 간에 신호를 전달할 때 입력신호가 일정 기준 이상이면 신호를 전달하고 기준에 도달하지 못하면 신호를 보내지 않을 수 있는 뉴런의 정보전달 방법을 모사하는 함수이다. 기존의 활성함수는 손실함수와 관계성을 가지고 있지 않아 최적해를 찾아가는 과정이 늦어지는 점을 개선하기 위해 활성함수를 일반화한 민첩한 활성함수를 제안하였다. 민첩한 활성함수의 매개변수는 역전파 과정에서, 매개변수에 대한 손실함수의 1차 미분계수를 이용한 학습과정을 통해 최적의 매개변수를 선택하는 방법으로 손실함수를 감소시킴으로써 심층신경망의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. MNIST 분류문제를 통하여 민첩한 활성함수가 기존의 활성함수에 비해 우월한 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2001

Objectives : To improve decreased erectile function as well as impotence, caused by physical fatigue, psychologic stress, too much alcohol and smoking, medication like antihypertensives, and geriatric change, by the prescription of BOWONDAN. Methods : 18 male-volunteers with decreased erectile function who are married 30 to 59 years old, were studied about the difference of a sexual function between before and after taking BOWONDAN 3 pills a day for a month. The results of IIEF(International Index of Erectile Function) and AVSS(Audio-Visual Sexual Stimulation) were reviewed statistically with paired samples t-test. Results : Based on the IIEF, 13(81.25%, p<0.01), 9(56.25%, p<0.05), 9(56.25%, p<0.05), 9(56.25%, p<0.05), 7(43.75%, p<0.05) and 15(93.75%, p<0.01) volunteers were improved in erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, overall satisfaction and total score respectively, among 16 volunteers excluding 2 due to a false measurement. Through the Rigiscan of AVSS, 11 (68.75%, p<0.1)volunteers were improved in base tumescence, among 16 volunteers excluding 2 due to a false measurement. Conclusions : As a result of our work, BOWONDAN is expected to take effect to treat or improve both impotence and decreased erectile function.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 1995

This paper proposes a modified error function to improve the error back-propagation (EBP) algorithm for multi-Layer perceptrons (MLPs) which suffers from slow learning speed. It can also suppress over-specialization for training patterns that occurs in an algorithm based on a cross-entropy cost function which markedly reduces learning time. In the similar way as the cross-entropy function, our new function accelerates the learning speed of the EBP algorithm by allowing the output node of the MLP to generate a strong error signal when the output node is far from the desired value. Moreover, it prevents the overspecialization of learning for training patterns by letting the output node, whose value is close to the desired value, generate a weak error signal. In a simulation study to classify handwritten digits in the CEDAR [1] database, the proposed method attained 100% correct classification for the training patterns after only 50 sweeps of learning, while the original EBP attained only 98.8% after 500 sweeps. Also, our method shows mean-squared error of 0.627 for the test patterns, which is superior to the error 0.667 in the cross-entropy method. These results demonstrate that our new method excels others in learning speed as well as in generalization.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2087-2092
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• 2005

Using disturbance observer (DOB) is effective in enhancing the performance of dynamic system in the presence of disturbances. Recently the definition of disturbance has been expanded to modeling uncertainty including parameter variation, internal disturbance. Various structures of DOB have been proposed to improve sensitivity of system for better disturbance rejection performance. However in the case of improvement of sensitivity function, it tends to bring poor transient response due to cross-coupling and phase lag. Furthermore it could be very sensitive to measurement noise due to increased peak of complementary sensitivity function. In this paper, a dual disturbance observer (Dual-DOB) is proposed to reduce the effect of such cross-coupling. It is possible for us to improve the sensitivity function with additional external DOB with hardly affecting complementary sensitivity function. Thus it is able to have robustness against measurement noise. Since we are able to design DOBs of internal and external loop independently, we could prevent transient response quality from degrading while improving the sensitivity function. The proposed Dual-DOB is applied to a commercial optical disk drive tracking servo system. The experimental result shows that the Dual-DOB is an effective method in rejecting the disturbance as well as improving the tracking performance.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2018

Background: Progressive muscle weakness is aggravated not only in the skeletal muscles but also in the respiratory muscles in many patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been reported as therapy for pulmonary rehabilitation to improve respiratory strength, endurance, exercise capacity, and quality of life, and to reduce dyspnea. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of playing harmonica for 5 months on pulmonary function by assessing the force vital capacity (FVC), peak cough flow (PCF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) in patients with NMD. Methods: Six subjects with NMD participated in this study. The subjects played harmonica once a week for 2 hours at a harmonica academy and twice a week for 1 hour at home. Thus, training was performed thrice a week for 23 weeks. The examiner assessed pulmonary function by measuring FVC in the sitting and supine positions and PCF, MIP, MEP, and MVV in the sitting position at the beginning of training and once a month for 5 months. Results: Both sitting and supine FVC significantly increased after playing harmonica (p=.042), as did MIP (p=.043) and MEP (p=.042). Conclusion: Playing harmonica can be used as an effective method to improve pulmonary function in patients with NMD.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined whether mirror therapy could improve the balance, gait, and motor function of patients with subacute stroke. Methods: Thirty-three patients with subacute stroke were divided randomly into three groups: experimental group1, experimental group2, and the control group. The patients in experimental group1 performed a mirror therapy program on the unaffected side of the lower extremities, and the patients in experimental group2 performed mirror therapy on the affected side of the lower extremities. Both groups performed the exercise for 30 minutes per session, five times a week for four weeks. The control group did not receive mirror therapy. BBS, POMA, 10MWT, and the BRS were used to evaluate the balance, the quality of gait, gait speed, and the motor function before and after the intervention. Results: The gait speed increased significantly in the experimental groups1 and 2 after the intervention. The control group showed no significant difference in the gait speed after the intervention. The change in gait speed before and after the intervention showed a significant difference among the groups. Experimental group1 showed a significant increase in the gait speed compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: This study suggests that mirror therapy could be an effective intervention to improve the gait speed of patients with subacute stroke. On the other hand, there was no difference in the effectiveness of mirror therapy and therapeutic exercise on the balance, gait, and motor function.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.851-864
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• 2015

In this paper, we study the generalized Littlewood-Paley operators. It is shown that the generalized g-function, Lusin area function and $g^*_{\lambda}$-function on any BMO function are either infinite everywhere, or finite almost everywhere, respectively; and in the latter case, such operators are bounded from BMO($\mathbb{R}^n$) to BLO($\mathbb{R}^n$), which improve and generalize some previous results.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.651-666
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• 2009

With the aid of weakly weighted sharing and a recently introduced sharing notion in [3] known as relaxed weighted sharing we investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions sharing a small function with its differential polynomials. Our results will improve and supplement all the results obtained by Zhang and Yang [17] as well as a substantial part of the results recently obtained by the present author [2] and thus provide a better answer to the questions posed by Yu [14] in this regard.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2010

In this paper, we investigate the uniqueness problems of meromorphic functions that share a small function with its differential polynomials, and give a result which is related to a conjecture of R. Br$\"{u}$ck and improve the results of I. Lahiri and Q. C. Zhang.