• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.158-161
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• 2003

To develop an effective adsorbent for radio active Carbon Dioxide, $^14CO_2$, which is discharged to nearby atmosphere from nuclear power plants of CANDU type, we made some preliminary adsorbents and tested their abilities of $CO_2$ removal. The chemical agents used was LiOH and we supported or impregnated it on the surface or the internal volume of activated Carbon(GW-H). The physical and chemical properties of various adsorbents were measured using methods such as XRD, BET. SEM images were taken to investigate the change of surface morphology of the adsorbents. Finally, amount of $CO_2$ adsorption of them were verified under specific conditions. We found that mechanical mixing of LiOH and activated Carbon showed the maximum $CO_2$ removal ability, while surface activation of activated Carbon by Nitric Acid-treatment enhanced its $CO_2$ removal efficiency to some degree.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 1998

Malodorous gases give discomfort and harm to laborers and residential neighborhoods and therefore, the removing odor materials emitted from plants and industrial facilities is important subject. The main ingredients of alkali odor are $NH_3$ and $CE_3SH$. The adsorption characteristics of odors were studied using four different activated carbon fibers(ACF) and active carbon(AC). Alkali odor was removed by using ACF impregnated with $H_3PO_4$ and $H_2SO_4$ and treated with $HNO_3$ and NaOH. The experimental result showed that ACF has a higher removal efficiency than AC. The adsorption capacity was increased with the impregnation and surface treatment, and $H_2SO_4$ was the best impregnant for the removal of alkali odor.

• Carbon letters
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.221-224
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• 2009

In this work, the $CO_2$ adsorption behaviors of amine functionalized activated carbons (ACs) were investigated. The surface of ACs was modified with urea, melamine, diethylenetriamine (DETA), pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA), polyethylenimine (PEI), and 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (ATPS). The various surface properties of amine functionalized ACs were characterized by Boehm's method, nitrogen full isotherms, XPS, and TGA analyses. The active ingredients impregnated on the ACs show significant influence on the adsorption for $CO_2$ and its volumes adsorbed on amine functionalized ACs are larger than that on the pristine ACs, which is due to the grafted amine groups of the AC surfaces.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.472-478
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• 2023

In this study, the acetaldehyde removal characteristics of activated carbon (AC) for air purifier filters were investigated using metal catalysts-impregnation and functional group-modification method. The AC with a high specific surface area(1700 m²/g) and micropores was prepared by KOH activation of coconut charcoal and the efficiency of catalyst and functional group immobilization was examined by varying the drying conditions within the pores after immersion. The physical properties of the prepared activated carbon were analyzed by BET, ICP, EA, and FT-IR, and the acetaldehyde adsorption performances were investigated using gas chromatography (GC) at various impregnation and modified conditions. As the concentration of impregnation solution increased, the amount of impregnated metal catalysts increased, while the specific surface area showed a decreasing trend. The adsorption tests of the metal catalyst-impregnated and functional group-modified activated carbons revealed that excellent adsorption performance in compositions MgO10@AC, CaO10@AC, EU10@AC, and H-U3N1@AC, respectively. The MgO10@AC, which showed the highest adsorption performance, had a breakthrough time of 533.8 minutes and adsorption capacity of 57.4 mg/g for acetaldehyde adsorption. It was found that the nano-sized MgO catalyst on the activated carbon improved the adsorption performance by interacting with carbonyl groups of acetaldehyde.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.474-483
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• 2019

In this study, iron (Fe) impregnated granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) has been synthesized and characterized for various properties. Comparative studies have been performed for use of Fe-GAC as an adsorbent as well as a catalyst during catalytic oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ). In the batch adsorption study, effect of process parameter like initial HQ concentration ($C_o=25-1,000mg/L$), pH (2-10), contact time (t: 0-24 h), temperature (T: $15-45^{\circ}C$) and adsorbent dose (w: 5-50 g/L) have been studied. Maximum HQ adsorption efficiency of 75% was obtained at optimum parametric condition of: pH = 4, w = 40 g/L and t = 14 h. Pseudo-second order model best-fitted the HQ adsorption kinetics whereas Langmuir model best-represented the isothermal equilibrium behavior. During oxidation studies, effect of various process parameters like initial HQ concentration ($C_o:20-100mg/L$), pH (4-8), oxidant dose ($C_{H2O2}:0.4-1.6mL/L$) and catalyst dose (m: 0.5-1.5 g/L) have been optimized using Taguchi experimental design matrix. Maximum HQ removal efficiency of 83.56% was obtained at optimum condition of $C_o=100mg/L$, pH = 6, $C_{H2O2}=0.4mL/L,$ and m = 1 g/L. Overall use of Fe-GAC during catalytic oxidation seems to be a better as compared to its use an adsorbent for treatment of HQ bearing wastewater.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.356-360
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• 2018

The negative effects on ecosystem are getting serious due to the increase of particulate matters (PM) in the air by the increase of the number of population and the industrial activities. Thus, there have been a lot of environmental policies and researches of air purification system and filter mask to relieve the environmental problem. In this research, activated carbon impregnated cellulose acetate fiber filters produced using an electrospinning technique are studied for air purification. NaCl aqueous solution was used to generate PM and the humid air with NaCl PM was dried using a dehumidifier for the filter performance test. Filtration efficiency was increased with the increase of activated carbons, and acetone adsorption capacity was enhanced.

• Carbon letters
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2007

A series of activated carbons (ACs) were derived from sugarcane bagasse under two activation schemes: steam-pyrolysis at $600-800^{\circ}C$ and chemical activation with $H_3PO_4$ at $500^{\circ}C$. Some carbons were treated at 400, $600^{\circ}C$, or for 1-3 h, and/or in flowing air during pyrolysis of acid-impregnated mass. XRD profiles displayed two broad diffuse bands centered around $2{\theta}=23$ and $43^{\circ}$, currently associated with diffraction from the 002 and 100/101 set of planes in graphite, respectively. These correspond to the interlayer spacing, Lc, and microcrystallite lateral dimensions, La, of the turbostratic (fully disordered) graphene layers. Steam pyrolysis-activated carbons exhibit only the two mentioned broad bands with enhancement in number of layers, with temperature, and small decrease in microcrystallite diameter, La. XRD patterns of $H_3PO_4$-ACs display more developed and separated peaks in the early region with maxima at $2{\theta}=23$, 26 and $29^{\circ}$, possibly ascribed to fragmented microcrystallites (or partially organized structures). Diffraction within the $2{\theta}=43^{\circ}$ is still broad although depressed and diffuse, suggesting that the intragraphitic layers are less developed. Varying the conditions of chemical activation inflicts insignificant structural alterations. Circulating air during pyrolysis leads to enhancement of the basic graphitic structure with destruction and degradation in the lateral dimensions.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.266-270
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• 1998

The Ag-treated activated carbon was prepared by the impregnation of Ag on the home made activated carbon. We investigated the nitrogen adsorption property, surface structure, and antibacterial activity of the carbon. The BET surface areas of Ag impregnated activated carbon are distributed to $740-1112.2m^2/g$ region. The results of nitrogen adsorption property show that BET surface areas move gradually to lower value with increasing $AgNO_3$ mole concentration. From the SEM results, we observed window blocking effect for micropores of external surface of adsorbent by Ag impregnation. Escherichia coli which is a kind of colon bacillus was used as bacteria for antibacterial test. From these results, we also observed that activity increase gradually to larger range with increasing $AgNO_3$ mole ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2006

Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) with high surface area and pore volume were modified with metal Ni impregnation and fluorination and investigated hydrogen storage properties by volumetric method. Micropore volume values of ACFs obtained from surface modification with Ni impregnation and fluorination were decreased 9 and 35 %, respectively. Hydrogen storage capacities of fluorinated ACFs were slightly changed, on the other hand, that of Ni impregnated ACF was considerably increased. It means that hydrogen was not only adsorbed on ACF surface, but also on Ni metal surface by means of dissociation. Although the microphone volume of ACF modified with fluorination was decreased, its hydrogen storage were found not to be changed compared with fresh ACF. These results indicated that the surface of ACF after fluorination modification may be strongly attracted hydrogen due to high electronegativity of fluorine. Therefore, it was proven that hydrogen storage capacity was related with micropore volume and surface property of carbon materials as well as specific surface area.

• Carbon letters
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.114-122
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• 2009

Crushed, depitted peach stones were impregnated activated with 50% $H_3PO_4$ followed by pyrolysis at $500^{\circ}C$. Two activated carbons were produced, one under its own evolved gases during pyrolysis, and the second conducted with air flow throughout the carbonization stage. Physicochemical properties were investigated by several procedures; carbon yield, ash content, elemental chemical analysis, TG/DTG and FTIR spectra. Porosity characteristics were determined by the conventional $N_2$ adsorption at 77 K, and data analyzed to get the major texture parameters of surface area and pore volume. Highly developed activated carbons were obtained, essentially microporous, with slight effect of air on the porous structure. Oxygen was observed to be markedly incorporated in the carbon matrix during the air treatment process. Cation exchange capacity towards Cu (II) and Cd (II) was tested in batch single ion experimental mode, which proved to be slow and a function of carbon dose, time and initial ion concentration. Copper was up taken more favorably than cadmium, under same conditions, and adsorption of both cations was remarkably enhanced as a consequence of the air treatment procedure. Sequestration of the metal ions was explained on basis of the combined effect of the oxygen functional groups and the phosphorous-containing compounds; both contributing to the total surface acidity character.