• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-115
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• 2015

Energy holds key to economic growth and prosperity of India. Currently, India has very high-energy import dependence, especially in the case of crude oil (80%) and natural gas (40%). Even coal import has been increasing over the years. Considering India's population growth, emphasis on manufacturing, production, and service industry, energy consumption is bound to increase. More fossil energy consumption means greater dependence on energy import leading to widening trade deficit and current account deficit. Therefore, exploitation of indigenous renewable energy production is necessary. The paper reviews the progress and growth of renewable energy production, distribution, and consumption in India. The paper highlights some of the enablers of renewable energy in India. The authors discuss the opportunities and challenges of increasing share of renewable energy to reduce energy import and address issues of energy security in India. The findings suggest that India is ready for a quantum leap in renewable production by 2022.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.280-295
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• 2022

This paper contains an introduction to industrial problems, solutions, and results conducted with the Korea Association of Machinery Industry. The client company commissioned the problem of upgrading the method of identifying global supply risky items. Accordingly, the factors affecting the supply and demand of imported items in the global supply chain were identified and the method of selecting risky items was studied and delivered. Through research and discussions with the client companies, it is confirmed that the most suitable factors for identifying global supply risky items are 'import size', 'import dependence', and 'trend abnormality'. The meaning of each indicator is introduced, and risky items are selected using export/import data until October 2022. Through this paper, it is expected that countries and companies will be able to identify global supply risky items in advance and prepare for risks in the new normal situation: the economic situation caused by infectious diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic; and the export/import regulation due to geopolitical problems. The client company will include in his report, the method presented in this paper and the risky items selected by the method.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2021

This paper examines the effects of intellectual property protection policies on upstream firms' R&D investments in order to derive policy implications in relation to the fostering of the intermediate goods industry. To that end, the dependence on import of intermediate goods and the degree of protection of intellectual property rights are introduced into the model to analyze the effects of R&D investments on the dependence on imports and the effects of intellectual property rights protection policies on the level of R&D investments in order and the social welfare effects are also checked. The policy implications derived in this paper, which used an oligopolistic market model with a vertical specialization structure, are as follows. As R&D investments expand, upstream firm begins to have price competitiveness, the dependence on import of intermediate goods by downstream firm decreases, and social welfare increases. That is, in order to strengthen the independence of the intermediate goods industry, R&D investments by upstream firm should be expanded, and to promote this, the government should strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.66-80
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• 2009

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the present circumstances of internal marketing in domestic apparel-import company and study if the internal marketing activities in import apparel company have a significant effect on salespersons' job satisfaction. As a preliminary investigation, the interviews with 6 expert salespersons of imported apparel company were taken to develop a practical measuring tool. As a result, 21 categories which effect on internal marketing and 6 factors which influence on job satisfaction were extracted. Next, a survey with the salespersons who work in apparel-import company was taken, and 186 collected data were used in this study. To analyze the data, factor analysis, frequency analysis, and multiple regression analysis are executed by a statistics package, SPSS v12.0. The results are as follows. First, five factors which effect on internal marketing activities in have been identified as welfare, incentives, employment & training, communication, empowerment. Among them, four factors of welfare, incentives, employment & training, and communication have been come out as statistically significant factors which influenced on salesperson's job satisfaction. Second, the internal marketing activities of import apparel company according to salesperson's demographic factors - payment, working periods, and marriage have been demonstrated significant difference on salespersons' job satisfaction. When the marriage is examined, the job satisfaction of the single mostly depends on incentives while that of the married does on welfare. On the consideration of working periods, the less does the group have working experience, the more does it have a dependence on incentives. On the other hand, the group which has much payment and experience mostly relies on welfare. The middle class show to be dependent on communication and employment&training as well as welfare and incentives.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2016

There are so much oil and gas reserves in Iran. Therefore extraction from these reserves and sell extracted oil and gas in international markets causes to high oil income for Iran. Especially in some years which oil price increases, our oil income was too high. In this paper, we want to reveal that, high oil income is not cause to rise of nonoil export. For this aim, we use from data of 1971-2013 and with Johansen co-integration test and Error Correction Model (ECM) extract short run and long run relations. Results of estimation reveal that in Iran high oil income is not cause to many non oil exports in long run and short run. Therefore, we should allocate oil income to import industrial machines and reallocate them to agriculture and industrial sectors which causes to raise national production which will cause to high non oil export. Then, in this condition, our needy exchanges are provided from non oil export and our dependence to oil income will be declined.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.199-218
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• 2014

본 연구는 1995년부터 2010년까지 국가 에너지통계의 에너지소비, 생산, 수출 입 등 실적자료를 바탕으로 우리나라의 에너지경제효율을 분석하였다. 에너지 수출 입과 에너지 생산 자료를 통해 에너지원단위, 에너지순수입의존도, 에너지자립도 I, II 를 산출하고 국가경제규모와 비교분석을 통해 우리날 에너지경제 수준을 살펴보고 시사점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 에너지원단위 지표를 통한 에너지효율수준 분석이 주로 이루어졌다면, 본 연구는 에너지순수입의존도와 에너지자립도를 통해 국가 에너지 수출 입구조와 에너지생산수준을 추가적으로 살펴볼 수 있는 장점이 있다고 하겠다. 연구 결론으로 우리나라는 에너지경제효율 수준이 상당히 낮은 수준으로 국가적 정책 차원의 에너지효율개선의 필요성을 제기한다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.96-117
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• 2022

Purpose - Considering the recent instability of world economy and its heavy dependence on foreign, Korea must formulate breakthrough approaches to proactively cope with these adverse global developments. As such, this study aims to ascertain how participation in global value chains (GVCs) relates to corporate productivity and derive policy implications. Design/methodology - This study utilizes the microdata of Korean manufacturers to develop indicators of GVC participation at the enterprise level and analyzes the effects of GVC participation on the firm's total factor productivity by using fixed effect model. Findings - Enterprises with highest rates of export-side GVC participation see their productivity grow as their export-side GVC participation rates increase. In addition, when companies are classified by their export-side GVC participation rates, increasing export values improves all firm's productivity. In particular, those with low participation rates are analyzed to achieve higher productivity by increasing their imports, not only exports, which implies that companies with lower export-side GVC participation can boost productivity by reinforcing their export and import activities. Originality/value - This research paper distinguishes itself from others in that it makes a novel attempt to design the indicators of GVC participation at the enterprise level, not at the national or industry level. In addition, this study contributes to the existing literature by dividing companies into subgroups depending on their GVC participation rates for each of export and import and identifying variances in the effect of GVC participation on productivity growth among subgroups.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.209-228
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 코로나19의 확산에 따른 한국의 무역 및 산업의 변화를 글로벌가치사슬 관점에서 분석하고 시사점을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 코로나19와 직접적으로 관련 있는 방역용품과 GVC 참여도가 높은 IT산업을 분석하였다. 방역용품은 코로나19의 확산에 따라 수출입 변동 폭이 컸다. 마스크의 경우 최종재는 수출입이 급격히 변화했지만 중간재의 변화는 상대적으로 크지 않았다. 한국의 IT산업은 GVC에서 전방참여도가 높아지고 후방참여도가 낮아지는 전반적인 변화 속에서 주요 무역대상국별로 차별화된 특성을 보였다. 아직까지 코로나19로 인한 변화가 직접적으로 나타나지는 않았지만, 중국, 베트남과의 생산 연계와 무역 의존도가 높은 상황에서 다변화 전략의 필요성이 높아졌다. 코로나19는 여전히 진행 중으로 포스트 코로나 시대의 GVC 변화에 대응하기 위한 기업의 전략과 정책적 노력이 필요하다.

• 사회경제평론
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.39-69
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• 2018

산업별 노동소득분배율을 측정하고 그 변동요인이 무엇인지 살펴보았다. 비임금근로자의 수를 파악할 수 없는 산업을 제외한 총 22개 산업을 대상으로, 1993년부터 2015년까지의 자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서비스업보다 제조업에서의 노동소득분배율의 변화가 더 크게 나타나지만 산업구조의 변화가 경제 전체의 노동소득분배율 변동을 주도한 것은 아니다. 둘째, 자본집약도, 연구개발집중도, 수출의존도, 비정규직비율의 상승이 노동소득분배율의 하락 요인으로 작용하였다. 셋째, 제조업을 따로 분석한 경우에 전반적인 결과는 유사하지만, 다른 산업에 비해 수입의존도, 외주가공비율, 최저임금상승률이 노동소득분배율에 미치는 효과가 더 크게 나타났다.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.171-192
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• 2011

본 논문은 한일 양국 유통산업의 공통점과 차이점을 분석하기 위해 각국의 산업별 국민경 제의 점유율, 유통산업의 생산성, 산업연관분석 등을 수행한 결과를 다음과 같이 요약하였다. 농림어업의 국내총생산 점유율은 한일 양국 모두 하락하고, 제조업은 한국이 증가하고 일본이 하락하는 반면 유통산업은 한국이 하락하고 일본이 상승했다. 고용인구의 점유율은 모든 산업이 한일 양국 모두 하락하고, 상대적 노동생산성은 농림어업, 유통산업 등이 한일 양국 모두 노동력을 필요로 하는 반면 제조업은 충족하고 있다. 유통산업에 대한 국내총생산의 연도별 추이는 한일 양국 모두 영향력계수에 비하여 감응도 계수가 크다. 한일 양국 간 유통산업에 대한 국내총생산의 연도별 영향력계수는 일본에 비하 여 한국이 큰 반면 감응도계수는 한국에 비하여 일본이 크다. 최종수요의 생산유발효과는 한 국에 비하여 일본이 큰 반면 수입유발효과는 일본에 비하여 한국이 크다. 유통산업비의 상승은 섬유 및 가죽제품, 음식료품, 목재 및 종이제품 등의 산업부문에 한일 양국 모두 직접 간접적인 파급효과가 크다. 한일 양국 간 비교하면 대부분의 산업부문, 기업 물가지수, 소비자물가지수 등은 한국에 비하여 일본이 파급효과가 크다. 한일 양국의 시차 간 유통산업의 영향력은 유사한 반면 감응도는 일본에 비하여 한국이 약 화되는 것으로 보아 한국의 유통산업은 적극적인 방향을 정책수립에 반영할 필요가 있다. 유통산업은 투자부문에서 한국은 공공주도형의 경향을 나타내는 반면 일본은 민간주도형의 경향을 나타냈다. 앞으로 한국의 유통산업은 일본과의 시차를 감안한다면 경제발전과 안정단계 에 진입하면서 민간주도형으로 전환될 것으로 예측되기 때문에 정책방향을 설정하는데 중요 할 것이다.