• 제목/요약/키워드: Impaired vision

검색결과 56건 처리시간 0.025초

Effect of oral antioxidants on the progression of canine senile cataracts: a retrospective study

  • Park, Sanghyun;Kang, Seonmi;Yoo, Sukjong;Park, Youngwoo;Seo, Kangmoon
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.43.1-43.14
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    • 2022
  • Background: Cataracts are the leading cause of impaired vision or blindness in dogs. There are many antioxidants that can prevent cataract progression, but whether they are clinically effective in dogs has not been established. Objectives: To analyze the delaying or preventing effect of oral antioxidants on canine senile cataracts through retrospective analysis. Methods: Medical records of dogs from January 1, 2015 to July 10, 2020 were reviewed. Dogs that were 8 yr of age or older with senile cataracts were included in this study. The dogs were divided into two treatment groups (dogs administered with Ocu-GLO supplement and dogs administered with Meni-One Eye R/C supplement) and a control group (dogs that were not administered any supplement). Dogs with incipient and immature cataracts were included in this study. Altogether, 112 dogs (156 eyes) with incipient cataracts and 60 dogs (77 eyes) with immature cataracts were included. The period of time that cataracts progressed from incipient to immature, and from immature to mature was recorded for each dog. Results: There was no significant delaying effect on the progression of incipient cataracts. However, both Ocu-GLO (hazard ratio = 0.265, p = 0.026) and Meni-One (hazard ratio = 0.246, p = 0.005) significantly delayed the progression of immature cataracts compared to the control group. Conclusions: Although there was no significant delaying effect of oral antioxidants on incipient cataract progression, antioxidants could be used to delay the progression of senile immature cataract.

Development of a Backpack-Based Wearable Proximity Detection System

  • Shin, Hyungsub;Chang, Seokhee;Yu, Namgyenong;Jeong, Chaeeun;Xi, Wen;Bae, Jihyun
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.647-654
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    • 2022
  • Wearable devices come in a variety of shapes and sizes in numerous fields in numerous fields and are available in various forms. They can be integrated into clothing, gloves, hats, glasses, and bags and used in healthcare, the medical field, and machine interfaces. These devices keep track individuals' biological and behavioral data to help with health communication and are often used for injury prevention. Those with hearing loss or impaired vision find it more difficult to recognize an approaching person or object; these sensing devices are particularly useful for such individuals, as they assist them with injury prevention by alerting them to the presence of people or objects in their immediate vicinity. Despite these obvious preventive benefits to developing Internet of Things based devices for the disabled, the development of these devices has been sluggish thus far. In particular, when compared with people without disabilities, people with hearing impairment have a much higher probability of averting danger when they are able to notice it in advance. However, research and development remain severely underfunded. In this study, we incorporated a wearable detection system, which uses an infrared proximity sensor, into a backpack. This system helps its users recognize when someone is approaching from behind through visual and tactile notification, even if they have difficulty hearing or seeing the objects in their surroundings. Furthermore, this backpack could help prevent accidents for all users, particularly those with visual or hearing impairments.

Association between Visual Impairment and Nutritional Risk among Older Adults with Diabetes: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

  • Yang, Eunjin;Lee, Kyung Hee
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제53권2호
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    • pp.167-176
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: Despite the high prevalence of visual impairment caused by diabetic retinopathy and nutritional problems among older adults with diabetes, evidence regarding factors related to nutritional risk in this population is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the correlates of nutritional risk among older adults with diabetes, focusing on visual impairment. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans aged 65 years and above. The sample comprised 2,376 older adults with diabetes, and complex sample ANOVA and Rao-Scott chi-square tests were used to compare the groups according to visual impairment. Complex-sample logistic regression analyses were conducted to verify the association between visual impairment and nutritional risk. Results: Older adults with diabetes, who also have severe visual impairment, are more likely to have nutritional risk status than those without impairment after controlling for covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16~5.13). Among the covariates, depression (OR = 3.58, 95% CI 2.60~4.94), dependent activities of daily living status (OR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.60~4.86), and experience of hospitalization during the past year (OR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.57~4.03) were strongly associated with nutritional risk. Conclusion: Severe visual impairment increases the nutritional risk among older adults with diabetes. Therefore, it is essential to prevent visual impairment due to exacerbation of diabetes through appropriate management. Additionally, tailored nutritional interventions for visually impaired older adults with diabetes that consider visual characteristics are required.

Protective effects of Panax ginseng berry extract on blue light-induced retinal damage in ARPE-19 cells and mouse retina

  • Hye Mi Cho;Sang Jun Lee;Se-Young Choung
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제47권1호
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2023
  • Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant visual disease that induces impaired vision and irreversible blindness in the elderly. However, the effects of ginseng berry extract (GBE) on the retina have not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of GBE on blue light (BL)-induced retinal damage and elucidate its underlying mechanisms in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19 cells) and Balb/c retina. Methods: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of GBE on retinal damage in vitro, we performed cell viability assay, pre-and post-treatment of sample, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and western immunoblotting using A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells with BL exposure. In addition, Balb/c mice were irradiated with BL to induce retinal degeneration and orally administrated with GBE (50, 100, 200 mg/kg). Using the harvested retina, we performed histological analysis (thickness of retinal layers), qRT-PCR, and western immunoblotting to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of GBE against retinal damage in vivo. Results: GBE significantly inhibited BL-induced cell damage in ARPE-19 cells by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, regulating NF-kB translocation, caspase 3 activation, PARP cleavage, expressions of apoptosis-related factors (BAX/BCL-2, LC3-II, and p62), and ROS production. Furthermore, GBE prevented BL-induced retinal degeneration by restoring the thickness of retinal layers and suppressed inflammation and apoptosis via regulation of NF-kB and SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP, and expressions of apoptosis-related factors in vivo. Conclusions: GBE could be a potential agent to prevent dry AMD and progression to wet AMD.

시각장애인 안전을 위한 영상 기반 저비용 보행 공간 인지 알고리즘 (Vision-based Low-cost Walking Spatial Recognition Algorithm for the Safety of Blind People)

  • 강성현;이세훈;안준호
    • 인터넷정보학회논문지
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.81-89
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    • 2023
  • 현대사회에서 시각장애인들은 도보, 승강기, 횡단보도 등 일반적인 환경에서 보행을 하는데 어려움이 있다. 시각장애인의 불편 해소를 위한 연구로 영상이나 음성을 이용한 연구가 있으며, 이런 연구는 고비용의 웨어러블 장치, 고성능 CCTV, 음성 센서 등을 사용하여 실생활에 적용하는 데는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서 시각장애인이 보행 중에 안전한 이동을 위해서 스마트폰에 포함된 저비용의 영상 센서를 활용하여 주변 도보 공간을 인지하는 인공지능 융합 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 이동 중인 사람 탐지를 위해서 모션 캡처 알고리즘과 장애물 탐지를 위한 객체 탐지 알고리즘을 융합하여 개발하였다. 모션 캡처 알고리즘으로 mediapipe을 사용하여 이동 중에 있는 주변 보행자들을 모델링 및 탐지하였다. 객체 탐지 알고리즘을 사용했으며 도보 중에 발생하는 다양한 장애물을 모델링 하였다. 실험을 통하여 인공지능 융합 알고리즘을 검증했으며, 정확도 0.92, 정밀도 0.91, 재현율 0.99. F1 score 0.95로 결과를 얻어서 알고리즘의 성능을 확인하였다. 본 연구로 보행 중에 발생하는 볼라드, 공유 킥보드, 자동차 등의 주변 장애물 및 이동 중인 보행자 회피하여 시각장애인들의 통행에 도움을 줄 수 있다.

양이 보청효과에 관한 연구 (A Clinical Study on Binaural Hearing Aid)

  • 김기령;김영명;심윤주
    • 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기관식도과학회 1978년도 제12차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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    • pp.9.2-9
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    • 1978
  • 연세대학교 청각언어센타에서는 1571년 5월부터 보청기처방검사를 시행하여 오던중, 양이에 보청기를 착용할 때와 편측에만 착용했을 때 있을 차이점을 평가할 필요가 있음을 절감하고, 3세 내지 7세의 선천성 난청아 9명과, 8세 내지 76세의 후천성 난청자 10명등 총19명을 대상으로 편측이 보청기착용과 양측이 보청기착용에 의한 보청효과를 비교하는 실험을 시행하며 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 실험방법은, 각 대상자에게 어음탐지역치, 어음청취역치 및 어음판별치등을 소음이 있는 조건과 없는 조건의 두가지 상태하에서 편측착용시와 양측착용시의 score를 각각 구하였다. 얻어진 score를 (1) 난청의 정도 (2) 자동음량조절장치(automatic gain control)에 대한 영향 (3) 두 귀의 난청곡선의 균형(symmetry)등에 따라서 비교하고, (4) 어음판별력이 거의 없는 경우와 (5)보충현상(recruitment)이 심한 경우의 요인면에서 관찰하여 다음과 같이 모든면에서 양이보청기착용이 유리함을 발견하였다. 1. 음성탐지역치에 있어서는 stereo type의 danavox 747pp는, did측착용시에는 편측착용시보다 평균 4.25dB의 상승이 있었고 두개의 별개의 보청기를 착용시켰을 경우에는 4.12dB의 상승이 있었다. 2. 어음청취역치는 소음이 없는 상태에서는 양측착용시에 편측착용시보다 평균 3.56dB(최고 6dB)의 상승이 있었고, 소음이 있는 상태에서는 평균 5.56dB(최고 18dB)의 상승이 있어 소음중에서 더욱 효과적이었다. 3. 어음판별치도 소음이 없을 때는 평균 17.09%(최고 42%)의 차이가 있었고, 소음중에서는 19.63%(최고 46%)의 상승이 양측착용시에 있어 역시 소음중에서 양이 보청기의 착용효과가 더 우수하게 나타났다. 4. 난청의 정도별로 관찰하면, 어음청취역치나 어음판별 score의 신장도(伸長度)가 공히 중등고도(moder-ately-severe)난청에서 가장 우수하였고 경도(mild)난청에서 가장 저조하였으며, 중등고도, 고도, 중등도, 경도의 순으로 나타났다. 5. 자동음량조절장치의 유무에 의한 영향을 보면 같은 모델의 AGC장치보청기를 양측에 사용했을 때는 극히 저조하였고, AGC장치보청기와 보통의 보청기를 같이 사용하거나 보통의 보청기끼리만 착용할 때가 보다 우수하였다. 6. 두개의 난청곡선의 균형이 맞지않고 정도차가 심한 경우에도 양이보청기를 착용하면 어음청취역치와 판별능력이 신장되었다. 7. 어음판별력이 거의 없는 고도난청자에게도 양이에 보청기를 착용할 때가 보다 우수한 성적을 보였다. 8. 보충현상(recuruitment)이 심한 고도난청자에게도 양이보청기착용이 보다 우수하였고, AGC장치보청기끼리만 착용했을 때 보다 AGC장치보청기와 보통의 보청기를 병용했을 때가 더 효과적이었다. 이상의 결과는 보청훈련을 하지 않은 단기간의 효과이므로 앞으로 양이보청에 의한 장기사용효과에 대한 연구를 계속하고자 한다.

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