• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.71-92
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• 2015

This study analyzes the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities on financial performances using Bayesian Network. The research tries to overcome the issues of the uniform assumption of a linear function between financial performance and CSR activities in multiple regression analysis widely used in previous studies. It is required to infer a causal relationship between activities of CSR which have an impact on the financial performances. Identifying the relationship would empower the firms to improve their financial performance by informing the decision makers about the different CSR activities that influence the financial performance of the firms. This research proposes General Bayesian Network (GBN) and presents Markov Blanket induced from GBN. It is empirically demonstrated that all the proposals presented in this study are statistically significant by the results of the research conducted by Korean Economic Justice Institute (KEJI) under Citizen's Coalition for Economic Justice (CCEJ) which investigated approximately 200 companies in Korea based on Korean Economic Justice Institute Index (KEJI index) from 2005 to 2011. The Bayesian Network to effectively infer the properties affecting financial performances through the probabilistic causal relationship. Moreover, I found that there is a causal relationship among CSR activities variable; that is Environment protection is related to Customer protection, Employee satisfaction, and firm size; Soundness is related to Total CSR Evaluation Score, Debt-Assets Ratio. Though the what-if analysis, I suggest to the sensitive factor among the explanatory variables.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.407-415
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• 2011

Damage to agricultural production caused by insects and diseases affects farming yields. The orchard sprayer is mainly used in the country to protect the fruit in a large area, with less effort and at minimum cost. The excellent performance of the air blast spray increases the fruit protection. Chemical application in orchards has been accomplished by the orchard sprayers with air assist nozzles and a axial fan in Korea. However, the orchard sprayers without ROPS resulted in severe injury or death when operators drive the sprayers improperly on hilly orchard or farming road. This study was to develop a ROPS for the orchard sprayers improving farmer's safety. In this study, the accident case was used in analysing the design and building TOP structure of the orchard sprayer. The maximum impact, body torsion frame structures including the driver's protection are also analysed for adherence to safety regulations. The ROPS safety regulations according to the strength test results were established.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.2067-2072
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• 2016

Recently, due to the development of attack techniques that can circumvent existing information protection systems, continuous threats in a form unrecognized by the user have threatened information assets. Therefore, it is necessary to support the prompt responses to anticipated attempts of APT attacks, bypass access attacks, and encryption packet attacks, which the existing systems have difficulty defending against through a single response, and to continuously monitor information protection systems with a defense strategy based on Indicators of Attack (IOA). In this paper, I suggest a centralized intelligent information protection system to support the intelligent response to a violation by discerning important assets through prevention control in a performance impact assessment about information properties in order to block the attack routes of APT; establishing information control policies through weakness/risk analyses in order to remove the risks in advance; establishing detection control by restricting interior/exterior bypass networks to server access and monitoring encrypted communications; and lastly, performing related corrective control through backup/restoration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.314-314
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• 2010

The design of the blanket and shield play a key role in determining the size of a reactor since it has an impact on the various reactor components. The blanket should produce enough tritium for tritium self-sufficiency and the shield should provide sufficient protection for the superconducting TF coil. Neutronic optimization of the blanket and the shield is necessary, and we coupled the system analysis with a neutronic calculation to account for the interrelation of the blanket and shield with the plasma performance of a reactor system in a self-consistent manner. By using the coupled system analysis code, the operational space for a low aspect ratio (LAR) tokamak reactor with a superconducting toroidal field (TF) coil is investigated with an spect ratio in the range of 1.5 - 2.5. The minimum major radius which satisfies all the physics and engineering requirements increases with the magnetic field at the magnetic axis. A required inboard shield thickness is mainly determined by the requirement on the protection of the TF coil against radiation damage. It is shown that to have a fusion power bigger than 3,000 MW in the LAR tokamak with a superconducting TF coil, a major radius bigger than 4.0 m is required.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.77-88
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• 2022

Schiff base quinazoline derivative viz., 3-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (SB-Q), was synthesized in this study. Its corrosion protection impact on mild steel (MS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution was examined by performing weight loss measurements. The protective efficacy of SB-Q on MS in 1 M HCl was investigated based on its concentrations, immersion period, and immersion temperature. SB-Q was found to be an efficient inhibitor for the corrosion of MS. Its inhibition efficiency was improved by increasing the concentration of SB-Q to an optimal concentration of 500 ppm. Its inhibition efficacy was 96.3% at 303K. Experimental findings revealed that its inhibition efficiency was increased with increasing immersion time, but decreased with an increase in temperature. The adsorption of SB-Q molecules was followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption of the examined inhibitor molecules on the surface of mild steel was studied by density functional theory (DFT). DFT investigation confirmed weight loss findings.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.271-278
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• 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in beam arrangement and arc counts on dosimetric factors in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) inverse radiation therapy planning for hippocampal-avoidance whole brain radiation therapy (HA-WBRT) by using the Elekta Monaco radiation therapy planning system (RTPs). For coplanar VMAT, both the arc per beam (APB) method and the beam determined arc(BDA) method, which is determined by the number of beams, were applied. For non-coplanar VMAT, the BDA method was utilized, and a total of 9 treatment plans were established by varying the arc counts. All radiation therapy plans met the radiation oncology group (RTOG) 0933 protocol standards, and 14 dosimetric factors were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the BDA-NC VMAT method demonstrated superior performance in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage and protection of normal organs, while APB-VMAT was advantageous in terms of hippocampal protection, monitor unit and delivery time. This study is expected to contribute to the efficient establishment of HA-WBRT plans considering the changes in beam arrangement and rotation arc numbers in Monaco RTPs.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2016

The Child Occupant Safety Assessment was first introduced and carried out by Euro NCAP in 2003, with the goal of ensuring manufacturers to develop safe vehicles for passengers of all ages; the objective was to evaluate the safety and protection offered by different Child Restraint Systems (CRS) in the event of a crash. In 2013, the formerly used P child dummy series was replaced by newer and more biofidelic Q1.5 and Q3 child dummies, representing 1.5 and 3 year old children respectively. The frontal and side impact dynamic performances of the Q1.5 and Q3 were tested within all classes of vehicles assessed by Euro NCAP at the time. As an extension to that initiative, Q6 and Q10 child dummies were later developed representing children of 6 and 10 years old. Since the protection of larger children during vehicle crashes relies greatly on the interaction of vehicle restraint systems such as seat belt and the CRS, instrumented Q6 and Q10 dummies will be used to assess the protection offered in the event of front and side impact crashes. In this paper, we focused on injury criteria of Q6 and Q10 child dummies at 64 kph 40% offset frontal crash test. The whole procedure was designed with DFSS analysis. The full vehicle sled test results of both dummies were conducted with different restraint systems settled through previous sled test. It showed that several injury criteria and image data were collected as the result of the full vehicle sled test. Based on the results of these investigations, this paper describes which factor is most important and combination shows the best performance when evaluating rear seat occupant protection for Q6 and Q10 child dummies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Most reservoirs in South Korea are earthen dams, mainly because they are cost-effective and easy to construct. However, earthen dams are highly vulnerable to seepage and overtopping, making them prone to sudden failure during excessive flooding. Such sudden failures can lead to a rapid increase in flood discharge, causing significant damage to downstream rivers and inhabited areas. This study investigates the effect of riprap placement on the slopes of earthen dams in delaying dam failure. Delaying the failure time is crucial as it allows more time for evacuation, significantly reducing potential casualties, which is essential from a disaster response perspective. Hydraulic experiments were conducted in a straight channel, using two different sizes of riprap for protection. Unlike previous studies, these experiments were performed under unsteady flow conditions to reflect the impact of rising water levels inside the dam. The target dam for the study was a cofferdam installed in a diversion tunnel. Experimental results indicated that the presence of riprap protection effectively prevented slope failure under the tested conditions. Without riprap protection, increasing the size of the riprap delayed the failure time. This delay can reduce peak discharge, mitigating damage downstream of the dam. Furthermore, these findings can serve as critical reference material for establishing emergency action plans (EAP) for reservoir failure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.75-80
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• 2009

In order to prevent loss of communication packets and drop of transmission speed owing to the network fault occurrence, it should be considered network redundancy. That is why a messages of IED GOOSE is the critical signal in charge of protection and control of the substation. So most of users implement the substation automation system with Hybrid network topology ant IED supporting double ethernet ports. Because IEC 61850 GOOSE conformance test is limited in the functional test, this paper suggests how to test the performance of IED GOOSE transmission considering Network redundancy, and describes the analysis of an example test on real IEDs and how to impact the IED GOOSE performance to the substation automation system.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.762-781
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• 2018

This paper presents the ballistic armor performance examination and thickness estimation for the latest naval ship structure materials in the Republic of Korea. Up to date, research regarding methods of ballistic experiments establishing database on the latest hull structure materials as well as a precise method of estimating required thickness of armor against specific projectiles have been rarely researched. In order to build a database and estimate proper thicknesses of structure materials, this study used four structure materials that have been widely applied in naval ships such as AH36 steel, AL5083, AL5086, and Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP). A $7.62{\times}39mm$ mild steel core bullet normally fired by AK-47 gun was considered as a threat due to its representativeness. Tate and Alekseevskii's penetration algorithm was also used to calculate a correction factor (${\alpha}$) and then estimate the armor thickness of naval ship hull structure materials with a given impact velocity. Through live fire experiments, the proposed method performance difference was measured to be 0.6% in AH36, 0.4% in AL5083, 0.0% in AL5086, and 8.0% in FRP compared with the experiment results.