• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.299-314
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• 2016

The aim of this paper is to review integrated assessment studies conducted to address the impacts of climate change sea-level rise on agricultural sector and to derive suggestions for improving the integrated assessment process to assist decision-makers in establishing climate change adaptation policy. We collect integrated assessment studies which are based on the impact-pathway analysis, compare their step-by-step procedures and identify main factors addressed in each step. The assessment process is typically carried out in the sequence of scenario development, determination of assessment scope, physical impact assessment, economic analysis and synthesis of the outcomes from each step. We identify two types of integrated assessment. The first one examines the impacts of changes in temperature and/or precipitation on the crop-cultivation patterns and/or agricultural productivity and resulting economic effects on agricultural sector. The other investigates the impacts of sea-level rise on land use/coverage and resulting economic damages in terms of land-value loss where the effects on agriculture is treated as one sector among others. To enhance integrated assessment, we suggest that 1) scenarios need to incorporate the effects of climate change and sea-level rise simultaneously, 2) scope of the assessment needs to be extended to include ecosystem services as well as crop production, 3) social and cultural aspects need to be considered in addition to economic analysis, and 4) synthesis of the outcomes from each step should be able to combine quantitative as well as qualitative information.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.13
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• 2023

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative aerobic diplococcus bacterium that primarily causes sexually transmitted infections through direct human sexual contact. It is a major public health threat due to its impact on reproductive health, the widespread presence of antimicrobial resistance, and the lack of a vaccine. In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach and performed subtractive genomic methods to identify potential drug targets against the core proteome of N. gonorrhoeae (12 strains). In total, 12,300 protein sequences were retrieved, and paralogous proteins were removed using CD-HIT. The remaining sequences were analyzed for non-homology against the human proteome and gut microbiota, and screened for broad-spectrum analysis, druggability, and anti-target analysis. The proteins were also characterized for unique interactions between the host and pathogen through metabolic pathway analysis. Based on the subtractive genomic approach and subcellular localization, we identified one cytoplasmic protein, 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster binding domain-containing protein (NGFG RS03485), as a potential drug target. This protein could be further exploited for drug development to create new medications and therapeutic agents for the treatment of N. gonorrhoeae infections.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.219-229
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• 2014

Employees used computer significantly(IT employee) is increased by technological development in workplace. This study tried to find the magnitude of IT employees and the profile of their working conditions and ill health experiences in South Korea. Korean Working Conditions Survey was used with descriptive and mean difference test in order to find the difference working conditions and ill health status among the groups classified by the degree of using computer during work. Some of working conditions was positively correlated with the density of computer use such as work autonomy, the exposure of repetitive movement of hand and arms. The pain of upper extreme was also more frequently found in the highest user group of computer than lower user groups. Based on the result of hierarchical regression analysis, the effect of computer using on the experience of work-related symptoms after controlling other factors was shown as U shape. This study as heuristic one suggest that some of depth analysis with hypothesis will be done to identify the causes and pathway of impact of computer use.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2014

A key driver for climate change caused by global average temperature rise is greenhouse gas cumulative emissions that stay for long term in the atmosphere. Although at the moment there is no GHG emission, global warming will continue owing to GHG cumulative emission. In this study, scenarios are developed based on two types of optimistic and conservative diffusion goal. There were a total of 6 alternatives scenarios. The objective of this study are to compare scenarios in terms of GHG cumulative emissions and alternative fuels. An object of analysis is the residential buildings and time frame of scenarios is set up by 2030. And this study uses the LEAP model that is a bottom-up energy model. In conclusion, It is important to set specific diffusion pathway for mitigating climate change virtually.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4B
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• pp.261-266
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• 2012

In this study, soil environmental impact assessment using risk-based approach was compared with that using concentration-based approach. For this, heavy metal contaminant exposure was characterized in an abandoned mine area. According to the estimated carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, soil ingestion was identified as the most dominant exposure pathway. When contaminant concentrations exceeded the Korean Soil Contamination Warning Standards, their corresponding risk values also exceeded the Total Soil Risk Standard. Even the cases of satisfying the Korean Soil Contamination Warning Standards mostly showed higher risk levels than the Total Soil Risk Standard, re-confirming a more sensitivity of the risk-based assessment than concentration-based assessment. However, the in-depth analysis of the estimated non-carcinogenic risk values revealed a few cases for soil contact pathway showing contaminant concentrations higher than the Korean Soil Contamination Warning Standards although their non-carcinogenic risk values satisfied the level of Hazard Index Standard. The findings from this study support a necessity of shifting policy paradigm from concentration-based approach into risk-based approach for reliable risk assessment in abandoned mine areas, and also suggest a necessity of further fundamental studies regarding risk factors and standards.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.371-384
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• 2019

Motion perception has been tremendously improved in neuroscience and computer vision. The baseline motion perception model is mediated by the dorsal visual pathway involving the cortex areas the primary visual cortex (V1) and the middle temporal (V5 or MT) visual area. However, few works have been done on the extension of neural models to improve the efficacy and robustness of motion perception of real sequences. To overcome shortcomings in situations, such as varying illumination and large displacement, an adaptive V1-MT motion perception (Ad-V1MTMP) algorithm enriched to deal with real sequences is proposed and analyzed. First, the total variation semi-norm model based on Gabor functions (TV-Gabor) for structure-texture decomposition is performed to manage the illumination and color changes. And then, we study the impact of image local context, which is processed in extra-striate visual areas II (V2), on spatial motion integration by MT neurons, and propose a V1-V2 method to extract the image contrast information at a given location. Furthermore, we take feedback inputs from V2 into account during the polling stage. To use the algorithm on natural scenes, finally, multi-scale approach has been used to handle the frequency range, and adaptive pyramidal decomposition and decomposed spatio-temporal filters have been used to diminish computational cost. Theoretical analysis and experimental results suggest the new Ad-V1MTMP algorithm which mimics human primary motion pathway has universal, effective and robust performance.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.242-248
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• 2016

Thymic atrophy is a complication that results from exposure to many environmental stressors, disease treatments, and microbial challenges. Such acute stress-associated thymic loss can have a dramatic impact on the host's ability to replenish the necessary naïve T cell output to reconstitute the peripheral T cell numbers and repertoire to respond to new antigenic challenges. We have previously reported that treatment with the orexigenic hormone ghrelin results in an increase in the number and proliferation of thymocytes after dexamethasone challenge, suggesting a role for ghrelin in restraint stress-induced thymic involution and cell apoptosis and its potential use as a thymostimulatory agent. In an effort to understand how ghrelin suppresses thymic T cell apoptosis, we have examined the various signaling pathways induced by receptor-specific ghrelin stimulation using a restraint stress mouse model. In this model, stress-induced apoptosis in thymocytes was effectively blocked by ghrelin. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ghrelin prevents the cleavage of pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bim, Caspase-3, and PARP. In addition, ghrelin stimulation activates the Akt and Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways in a time/dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we also revealed the involvement of the FoxO3a pathway in the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. Together, these findings suggest that ghrelin inhibits apoptosis by modulating the stress-induced apoptotic signal pathway in the restraint-induced thymic apoptosis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.211-221
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• 2024

Live streaming commerce has emerged as an innovative e-commerce model. This study, based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), aims to explore the impact of Key Opinion Consumers' (KOCs) attributes in live streaming commerce on purchase intentions on short video platforms. A survey was conducted with 411 consumers, and data analysis and hypothesis testing were performed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 23.0 software. Research has found that differences in consumers' information processing abilities lead to different pathway selections. Central route factors such as recommendation consistency, product involvement, and professionalism, as well as peripheral route factors such as recommendation timeliness, all have significant positive effects on consumers' purchase intention. However, visual cues in the peripheral route do not have a significant impact. This study aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of the live streaming commerce industry, and to help companies adjust their promotion strategies based on differences in consumer information processing, thereby improving purchase conversion rates.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.259-262
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• 2012

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease among swine that has an important economic impact on worldwide. One clinical symptom of CSF is leukopenia, in particular lymphopenia, which is a characteristic event that occurs early in the course of CSF. Though lymphopenia associated with apoptosis, the pathogenic mechanism underlying the lymphopenia has not been well studied. To understand these mechanisms, we investigated the response of porcine B cell lines to infection with SW03, virulent strain isolated from swine tissue in Korea. This study demonstrated that SW03-infected L35 cell were induced apoptosis through the detection of activated caspase-3. In addition, SW03 infection leaded to alterations in pro-apoptotic, Bax, and anti-apoptotic, Bcl-xL proteins of Bcl-2 family. Our results would suggest that SW03-infected L35 cells induced apoptosis via intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 2022

This study assessed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from grain amaranths (Amaranthus spp.). Among all the extracts, the ethanol extract of Amaranthus cruentus leaves (Ar) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, including the DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ORAC. In addition, Ar strongly inhibited nitric oxide production by suppressing the MEK/ERK signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264 murine macrophages. HPLC analysis revealed 13 polyphenolic compounds in the leaf extracts of grain amaranth and indicated that Ar contained more rutin than the other extracts. Taken together, these results show the impact of species diversity on the phytochemical contents and bioactivities of plant extracts and suggest that the nonedible parts, such as leaves, of A. cruentus should be considered for use as crude drugs and dietary health supplements.