• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.45-62
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• 2004

Any business activities may have impact on environment to a certain extent. Enterprises must find appropriate approaches to measure the impact on these environmental aspects, which can be used as the basis to direct enterprises' efforts to improve the environmental impact. The method used to evaluate significant factors in life cycle assessment standards is the one most commonly used by enterprises in general to measure environmental impact. By this method, the decisive factors of each environmental aspect are given scores according to the preset scoring standard of the organization. The scores are added up for each aspect and ranked to assess major environmental aspects. The drawback of this assessment method, that is, it ignores the degree to which each of these factors affects the environment, results in poor credibility. Therefore, this study attempts to solve some qualitative problems by applying to fuzzy theory, in particular, by identifying appropriate fuzzy numbers through fuzzy sets and membership function. Moreover, the study seeks to obtain a crisp value in the process of defuzzifization in order to make up for the shortfall of the original method in dealing with relative weight of decisive factors and thus increase its applicability and credibility. The department of light production of an electronics company is used as an example in this study to measure environmental aspects by employing both the traditional significant factor method and the fuzzy environmental impact assessment model proposed in this study. Based on verification and comparison of results, the model proposed in this study is more feasible as it reduces partiality in decision-making by taking the relative weights of decisive factors into consideration.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2007

With its more than 35 years of experience with EIA of NEPA in United States, the extensive knowledge base of EIA could be the most suitable place for initial field of HIA to explore lessons available for. However, caution is needed as the technical differences in analysis, different policy context, and distinct professional culture between EIA and HIA might be. The successe of EIA of NEPA is the integration of environmental goals into decision making process, improved planning, and increased transparency and public involvement, whereas shortcomings of it were defined as the excessive volume and complexity of EIA documents, the limited and adversarial public involvement, the procedural process (not substantive), focus on projects (not on policies and programs), and the limited consideration of health impacts. Integrating HIA into existing EIA process is positive in two reasons that the human health is closely related with natural environment and EIA process is a fully established process that effectively cuts across bureaucratic and sectoral boundaries. Also, integrating of HIA into EIA might be a way with least resistance for the widespread use. A freestanding HIA separated from EIA is desirable in terms of excessive volume of EIA documents and the procedural and legal focus of EIA. It is needed to develop the formulated methodologies for advancing HIA whether it is a part of or separated from EIA, and to estimate the potential values of HIA in the substantial society context. When possible, HIA should be established on the ways that EIAs have been used successfully.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2004

After the Rio declaration on environment and development in 1992, developed countries are undertaking "environmentally sustainable transportation (EST)" projects. To meet the needs for EST, current transportation policies in Korea are rapidly reforming and one of its concerns is modernizing and upgrading railway freight system. Planning new railroad construction projects is increasing and subsequent environmental impact assessment (EIA) demands improvements, especially in both the EIA and decision making systems. In this paper, we discuss the present status of EIA for railroad construction projects, especially, by analyzing the EIA documents for the last six years. The EIA for railroad construction projects accounts for only 4.9% of total 918 project EIAs during 1998-2003, and the portion is gradually increasing. Major environmental concerns for EIA in railroad construction projects were geomorphological and ecological changes, protection of rare organisms, air pollution, water pollution, waste management, and noise, etc. We compared characteristics of environmental impacts of railroad construction with those of vehicle road construction, based on environmental and construction-planning indicators appeared in Environmental Impact Statements. Railroad construction usually requires longer tunnels and bridges for a given length than those for vehicle road construction. In addition, the amounts of geomorphological and ecological changes (road-cutting, embankment, devegetation, etc.) in railroad construction were generally less than 50% of those in vehicle road construction. To develop environmentally friendly railway systems, monitoring studies for environmental impacts of railroads such as habitat fragmentation and road kills, dispersal of alien plants, tunnelling effects on groundwater and vegetation, and noise impacts are highly recommended.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.397-409
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• 2011

This study was carried out for improving the effectiveness of water resources development project through local resident opinions in the environmental impact assessment(EIA). The EIA reports of seven dams were examined. Four dams -Youngju Dam, Seongduck Dam, Buhang Dam and Hantangang Dam- which included many local opinions including 470 opinions of 341 local residents were selected to be analyzed. Local residents submitted their opinions in the six fields which are meteorological phenomena, water quality, land use, fauna and flora, noise and vibration, and residence, and the major opinions of those opinions came from the atmosphere environment field which is 32% of total opinions and social and economic field which is 38% of total opinions, respectively. In submerged area, opinions of the measure for migration and compensation were 91% and in non-submerged area, opinions of the measure for meteorological phenomena was 86%. Those percentages were maximum in each area. Opinions concerned meteorological phenomena were 86% and 53% in Youngju Dam and Seongduck Dam where area is surrounded by existing dam, but there was only 9% and 0% of opinions in Buhang Dam and Hantangang Dam where area is without existing dam nearby. The reformation methods which reflected the resident's opinions were suggested on EIA in dam development projects. First of all, reliability and objectivity of the field of meteorological phenoma should be enhanced by scientific prediction of the phenomenon days. Secondly, techniques reducing uncertainty of various water quality prediction models ought to be developed and effectiveness of the reduction strategies in environmental impact should be quantified. Finally, the draft of EIA report should involve the detailed plans of migration and compensation's procedures, criteria and measures to support.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2024

사전재해영향성 평가제도는 재해예방 차원의 절차로서 종합적이고 체계적인 개발사업을 위하여 2005년 도입되었다. 하지만, '재해영향성평가 실무지침'에 의거 제주도의 경우 수문지질학적 특성으로 인하여 홍수량 산정에 따른 확률강우량 산정 시 일반적인 방법이 아닌 고도반영이 가능한 등우선에 의한 확률강우량을 산정하도록 명시되어 있다. 하지만, 제주도의 경우 한라산을 중심으로 형성되어 있지만, 한라산 정상에 무인기상관측소(AWS)가 3개소 위치하고 있으며, 타 시·도 보다 기상관측소가 조밀하게 위치하고 있어 소규모 사업지구의 홍수량 산정 시 우량관측소의 확률강우량을 적용하거나 Thiessen 방법을 이용하는 일반적인 방법을 적용하더라도 무리가 없을것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 본 연구는 제주도내 사전재해영향성 평가제도의 적용에 있어 일반적인 우량관측소의 확률강우량과 등우선에의한 지점확률강우량을 비교·분석하여 그에 따른 영향성을 검토하였다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2011

본 연구는 각종 해역이용 개발로 인한 해양환경 및 생태계를 보전하고, 효율적으로 관리하기 위해 2008년부터 본격적으로 시행된 해역이용협의제도의 운용 현황과 실적을 분석하여 협의 유형 및 연안에서 이루어지는 개발사업의 특성을 파악하였다. 또한, 도입기를 지나 정착 발전단계에 접어든 해역이용협의 및 평가제도의 실효성을 확보하기 위해 운용상 나타난 문제점을 고려한 제도의 개선방안을 진단하였다. 2009년 및 2010년의 전체 해역이용협의 실적은 3,705건이며, 간이해역이용협의 87.0%, 일반해역이용협의 12.8%, 해역이용영향평가 0.2%로 나타났다. 일반해역이용협의의 행위유형은 공유수면매립 43.4%, 기타 23.4%, 해수 인 배수 17.5%, 준설 5.5%, 항만시설의 설치 4.6%, 어항시설의 설치 2.3% 순이었다. 환경영향평가서의 검토유형은 항만건설이 32.9%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 산업단지조성, 관광단지개발과 도로건설, 에너지개발 순으로 분석되었다. 해역이용협의가 증가하고, 개발유형 또한 다양화되고 대형화됨에 따라 제도의 실효성 및 홍보 강화, 협의기관 및 검토기관 등의 역량 강화, 그리고 해양환경영향평가의 신뢰성 제고 방안을 지속적으로 강구해야 할 것이다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.193-195
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• 2006

In order to minimize the influence of aircraft noise in the vicinity of domestic airports, the establishment of proper land-use plan according to the influence scope of aircraft noise in the opening part of preparing a housing site around domestic airports is needed. For the purpose of doing it, the environmental impact assessment accompanied by the accurate prediction of aircraft noise distribution is preceded, and this paper describes the improvement plan for performing the trustworthy environmental impact assessment of aircraft noise in the neighborhood of domestic airports.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.151-160
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• 1997

The Yangyang Pumped Storage Power Plant is being constructed by Korea Electric Power Corporation in Namdae-Chun River, Korea. The Yangyang Pumped Storage Power Plant has 1000MW capacity with upper reservior, lower reservior, hydrauric tunnel and underground power plant facilities. But NGO(Non Governmental Groups) and residents are worried about the power plant construction because of some problems, as follows. (1) Namdae-Chun River is principal salmon returning river in Korea. (2) Namdae-Chun River is main water supply source of the Yangyang country. So, brief explanation of Environmental Impacts Assessment executed by Korea Electric Power Corporation, main environmental impacts and countermeasures will be introduced.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1197-1200
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• 2003

Urban subways usually make environmental problems because subway vibrations are transmitted to building structures. However, when the buildings are designed, vibrations due to subway are not usually considered in advance. This results in many environmental vibration problems after buildings are constructed. This study was carried out to set up and evaluate a pre-assessment technique for the environmental impact of urban subway vibration on newly planned buildings near a subway line. for this purpose, semi-emperical method was set up and vibration measurements were made on site in accordance with construction schedule. Computer simulation was also performed using ANSYS software to predict the building vibration and compared with the measured results for evaluation of the pre-assessment technique.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 1993

We live in an age of information and an era of rising environmental awareness. As a result, efficient and judicious use of environmental information has become a prerequisite to planning and management of environmental affairs in contemporary societies. So, we have embarked on a study of Environmental Information System(EIS). In the first article, we discussed the status analysis of EIS in Korea, USA, and Japan. This study as the second project has three major components. First, it classifies items and sources of 22 EIA factors. Second, it explains building of environmental information comprising geographic and attribute data of 17 factors. Finally, the study presents applications of EIS as an alternative assessment of suitability analysis. Based on these analysis, the study makes some recommendations and conclusions.