• Development and Reproduction
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2001

Precise mechanism by which the fetus can escape from mother's immune rejection is not well understood yet over the last 50 years. The clarification of immune mechanism at the feto-maternal interface is very important, because this can be a common pathogenesis of various pathologic conditions including spontaneous abortion, habitual abortion fetal growth restriction preeclampsia, implantation failure after assisted reproductive techniques, and fetal death. In this review, current hypothetical contents were described with the priority of importance: 1) The center of this mechanism is cross-talk between the expression of HLA-C, E, G on the extravillous cytotrophoblasts and their receptors on decidual NK cell, 2) immunomodulation, 3) innate immunity is the main immunologic mechanism, 4) various mechanisms besides HLA system(eq. complement) may be associated. The overall balance of immunomodulation among these mechanisms should result in the outcome of each pregnancy. Further researches regarding the regulation of HLA system, roles of cytokines, complements should be followed in the future.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.189-198
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• 2002

Objective : To research the trend of the study related to rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and to establish the hereafter direction of the study on RA. Methods : We have selected 12 medical report about RA in Arthritis & Rheumatism and Journal of Rheumatology recently, reviewed them, and investigated their methods. Results & Conclusions : The pattern of study was as follows: physical & serologic research in 2 articles, immunologic research in 7 articles, and genetic research in 3 articles. There is now evidence of the benefit of treatment early in the disease course and evidence of the impact of treatment on outcomes. New classes of therapeutic agents have also been introduced. Wherever possible, these revised guidelines are evidence-based. By the above results, it would be needed further research on RA mechanism related immunologic and genetic process.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.152-174
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• 2008

There have been vast amount studies regarding immunologic dysregulation in schizophrenia. The mechanism of immune pathogenesis in schizophrenia still is unclear, even though various immune dysfunction have been reported. We endeavored to report on two major hypothesis on immunologic dysregulation in schizophrenia, the infection hypothesis and autoimmune hypothesis. We went on to focus on the autoimmune hypothesis, which has received the most attention over the years. We explored the accumulated data and the rational behind the autoimmune hypothesis and the implications of the autoimmune hypothesis for future research in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-151
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• 2002

Medical concept of the skin disease is a symptom like itchs. It outbreakes by immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms. The most common case is hypersensitive reaction intermediated by IgE. Other case of immunologic mechanism includes activation of the complement system. Autoimmune antibodies for histamine-secreting mast cell IgE receptors are found in some patients suffer from chronic skin paroxysm. Most common causes of acute skin paroxysm are foods, viruses, parasite infections and drugs. Causes of chronic skin paroxysm are undiscovered. Air pollution, simplification of eating habits, habitual eating of convenience food; drug abuse in present days made skin disease more common. Now many methods of acupunctural treatments are being used clinically. So this report presents some views about acupunctural treatments for the Skin disease.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2002

The immunological mechanism of the responses to ultraviolet (UV) B radiation in mouse models were investigated by the suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), and susceptibility to infection. However, there are some differences in immune suppression according to the different models as well as the irradiation protocols. Therefore, this review focused on the differences in the suppressive effects on CHS and DTH, and susceptibility to infection in relation to the different in vivo models. Recent advances in cytokine knockout mice experiments have the reexamination of the role of the critical cytokines in UVB-induced immune suppression, which was investigated previously by blocking antibodies. The characteristics of the suppressor cells responsible for UVB-induced tolerance were determined. The subcellular mechanism of UVB-induced immune suppression was also explained by the induction of apoptotic cells through the Fas and Fas-ligand interaction. The phagocytosis of the apoptotic cells is believed to induce the production of the immune suppressive cytokine like interleukin-10 by macrophages. Therefore, the therapeutic UVB response to a skin disease, such as psoriasis, by the depletion of infiltrating T cells could be considered in the extension line of apoptosis and immune suppression.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.247-251
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• 2016

The pathophysiology and fundamental etiologic mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not well understood even though therapeutic regimens and drugs are rapidly evolutionary. IBD has complicated connections with genetic, immunologic, gut microbial, environmental, and nutritional factors. It is not clearly well known to the physicians how to feed, what nutrients are more helpful, and what food to be avoided. This review discusses the issues of growth and important nutritional concerns in the management of IBD in childhood.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.420-431
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• 2016

The complement system comprises a set of essential molecules that bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses. Research has focused on how the complement system's destructive mechanism could potentially be harnessed for cancer treatment. However, cancer subverts the complement system to avoid immunosurveillance. In addition, a complement-triggered biological mechanism that contributes to cancer growth has been identified. Thus, drugs should be designed to homeostatically maintain a normal concentration of complement. This review explores three types of complement-related anti-cancer drugs: therapeutic antibodies, complement inhibitory drugs, and anti-complement regulatory drugs.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.138-145
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• 2004

The clinical features and therapeutic results of alopecia areata are variable and unpredictable. For example, genetic, psychic, immunologic factors are regarded as the reason of alopecia areata. For the relationship between alopecia and whiplash injury, Dr. Guun explained that whiplash injury by the traffic accident produces cervical muscle spasm, and it makes autonomic nerve change. The tropical changes accompanied with ischemic change of scalp vessels made by this mechanism cause alopecia areata. And Yesudian reported the case of scalp alopecia as the result of ischemic change following traffic accident. We have experienced a 25-year-old woman with Alopecia areata following whiplash injury by traffic accident, and who had no risk factor of it. The patient was treated by acupuncture and physical treatment. Her hair loss, cervical angle and pain were improved through acupuncture treatment. This case of alopecia areata following whiplash injury is uncommon, so we report the mechanism of it, but should collect more cases and observations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.365-370
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• 2001

The genetic algorithm that simulates the virus evolutionary theory has been developed applying to combinatorial optimization problems. The algorithm in this study uses only one individual and a population of viruses. The individual is attacked, inflected and improved by the viruses. The viruses are composed of flour genes (a pair of top gene and a pair of tail gene). If the individual is improved by the attacking, the inflection occurs. After the infection, the tail genes are mutated. If the same virus attacks several times and fails to inflect, the top genes of the virus are mutated. By this mutation, the individual can be improved effectively. In addition, the influence of the immunologic mechanism on evolution is simulated.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.189-194
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• 2002

Although the exact mechanism responsible for the pathogenesis of psoriasis is unclear, interferon-${\gamma}$ producing type 1 T cells have been reported to play a significant role. Infiltrating activated type 1 T cells in the lesions are believed to be responsible for stimulating keratinocytes, which produce many cytokines and growth factors. The hyperproliferative epidermis is understood to be the result of either the cytokines produced by the intraepidermal T cells or the reactive phenomenon after keratinocyte damage. The microenvironment in psoriatic lesions deviates toward the type 1 status, because of the increased type 1 cytokines and either the decreased or unchanged type 2 cytokines observed in psoriatic lesions. Therefore, this review focused on a T-cell-mediated immunological basis for the current hypothesis of the psoriasis pathogenesis.