• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.259-266
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to compare balance ability according to the immersion level of virtual reality-based training for the balance enhancement of the elderly. Methods: This study included 48 elderly people aged 65 years and older (male 16, female 32). According to the immersion level of applied virtual reality training, 16, 17, and 15 persons were randomly assigned to full immersion, semi-immersion, and control groups. The subjects who were assigned to the full immersion group and semi-immersion group received virtual reality training for 6 weeks at 20 min at a time, 3 times per week. The control group received no intervention. Balance ability was evaluated by measuring the stability limit and the tandem walking test before and after the intervention. Results: Results showed significant differences among the three groups in the limit of stability of all directions and the tandem walking test after the intervention. The results of the limit of stability showed a significantly higher value in the full-immersion group than in the control group, and the results of the tandem walking test showed a significantly lower value in the full-immersion and semi-immersion groups than in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that the head-mounted display equipment for applying full-immersion virtual training is the most effective in enhancing the balance ability of the elderly.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.229-232
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• 2003

Survival with various conditions (water temperature, salinity and air exposure) and sand immersion ability for release of surf clam, Spisula sachalinensis spats, which were artificially seed produced, were investigated. Survival with water temperature conditions of spats showed no difference within the range of 4∼28 $^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. In salinity conditions, survival (%) of spats showed more than 50% in over 22 psu. In air exposure conditions, survival (%) of spats air exposed for 12 hours was no difference within below 2$0^{\circ}C$, however, that of spats air exposed for 16 hours showed below 50% at $25^{\circ}C$. In sand immersion ability, the immersion time was increased with the increase of shell length, and the immersion rate was decreased. Spats of below 15 mm in shell length were emersed more than 90% within 10 min. There was no difference in the immersion time and the immersion rate with the grain sizes of the sand bottom.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2024

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between nursing students' empathy, communication skills, and major immersion, and to identify factors that affect major immersion. The subjects of the study were 247 nursing students from one university in the G province, and data collection was conducted from November 20 to December 1, 2023. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The subject's empathy ability was 3.49 points, communication ability was 3.64 points, and major immersion was 3.61 points. Major immersion has a positive correlation with empathy and communication ability, and the factors affecting major immersion are major satisfaction and communication ability, with an explanatory power of 42.9%. To improve nursing students' immersion in their major, it is necessary to set the direction of learning activities and develop and apply various extracurricular programs.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the pathways between mothers' inappropriate smart device usage habits, preschoolers' immersion tendency and self-regulation, and children's cognitive ability. The subjects of the study were 308 preschoolers aged 4 and 5 years and their mothers in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Incheon, Gangwon-do, Daejeon, Busan, and Mokpo. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation using the SPSS 25 program. A sequential mediation model was analyzed using the AMOS 22 program. Mothers' inappropriate smart device usage habits were found to have a negative effect on the preschoolers' self-regulation, and this association was mediated by the preschoolers' smart device immersion tendency. These findings show the mechanisms through which mothers' inappropriate smart device usage habits negatively affect preschoolers' smart device immersion and self-regulation which, in turn, has a negative impact on cognitive ability

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of problem-based learning-integrative simulation practice (PBL-ISP) on nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion among nursing students. Methods: The study used a nonequivalent control group post-test design. A PBL-ISP educational program was provided to the experimental group, and hands-on practice using a high-fidelity simulator (HFS) was administered to the control group. There were 42 subjects in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Data were collected during the fall semester of 2019. Using SPSS for Windows version 23.0, data were analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were found in nursing knowledge (t=3.67, p<.001), critical thinking (t=3.40, p=.001), problem-solving ability (t=3.52, p=.001) and immersion (t=4.44, p<.001). Conclusion: PBL-ISP was more effective in improving nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion than was hands-on practice using an HFS.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.135-145
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• 2023

Due to the decrease in the school-age population, the number of freshmen at local college who lack basic learning skills is increasing. Thus, C college has been running a basic learning ability improvement clinic program. This paper is a case study that investigates the effect of basic learning ability improvement clinic programs on major class immersion, efficacy, and major class satisfaction. In 2022, a total of 459 students were surveyed, including 238 students who participated in online and offline classes for basic learning ability improvement clinics and 221 students who did not participate in classes. Data processing was performed using SPSS Ver. 26.0 was used. The results of this study are as follows. First, among the sub-factors of academic self-efficacy, the group participating in the basic learning ability improvement clinic showed significant differences in task difficulty preference and confidence. Second, the class participation group showed a significant difference in learning immersion in major classes. Third, the class participation group showed significant differences in all sub-factors of major satisfaction. In conclusion, it was found that the basic learning ability improvement clinic class had a significant effect on academic self-efficacy, learning immersion, and major satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.17-28
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to provide the measures for improving the self-directed learning ability and the reference data for substantializing the educational programs by verifying the main factors affecting the self-directed learning ability of dental hygiene students in reality when the learners' autonomy is emphasized than ever. Methods: From June 20 to July 4, 2022, an online survey was conducted targeting total 218 dental hygiene students. The collected data was analyzed by using the SPSS Program Version 22.0. Results: First, in the results of analyzing differences in detailed items of self-directed learning ability according to the general characteristics, the 'students who entered the department of dental hygiene by considering their aptitude and interest' showed higher results than the 'students who entered the department by considering their high school record'. Second, when the academic efficacy, study immersion, and problem-solving ability of dental hygiene students were higher, their self-directed learning ability was also high. Third, the factor that had the greatest effect on self-directed learning ability of dental hygiene students was problem-solving ability, which was followed by academic efficacy and study immersion. Conclusion: Putting together the results above, in order to cultivate the problem-solving ability of dental hygiene students, it would be necessary to operate the problem-solving-centered simulation course that could foster critical thinking, interactions with others, and creative approach and solution to problems in dental medical site. It would be also possible to improve their academic efficacy by applying the learning mentoring & one-to-one learning counseling program, and also strengthening proper feedbacks for learners. Moreover, the study immersion could be strengthened by developing and operating the emotion-based learning motivation program & learning coaching program through the process of verifying the potential and growth needs of learners, exploring one's own resources through learning diagnosis/introspection, and exploring the career-related vision for strengthening the learning motivation, which could have positive effects on the improvement of self-directed learning ability.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.515-522
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• 2022

The aim of the study was analyzed effect of the interaction with contents (IC), learning satisfaction (LS) and learning achievement (LA) through evaluation of the self-directed learning ability (SDLA) and immersion in learning (IL) for online learning application in the radiation therapy. A total of fifty university students who completed the radiation therapy course were be surveyed. There was significant positive correlation with the IC and the intention to continue using (ICU) in SDLA, and IC, LS, LA, and ICU in LC. The online learning application could be increase the satisfaction and achievement of radiation therapy learning.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2023

This study attempted to find out the factors affecting the self-directed learning ability of nursing students who took online lectures. The research method was a structured questionnaire survey targeting 2nd to 4th grade nursing college students, and the analysis method was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. As a result of the study, the self-directed learning ability of nursing college students was an average of 3.48 points out of 5 points, and it was found that learning immersion had the greatest effect on self-directed learning ability. Based on the results of this study, it will be necessary to establish a quality education system and the efforts of instructors who apply various lecture methods or customized lecture programs so that learners can immerse themselves in learning in order to improve learners' self-directed learning ability.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

This study intends to present a desirable vision so that students can focus on their studies and adapt to the dental hygiene major education perceived by dental hygiene students in un-contact lecturess situations by preparing measures to increase student satisfaction with the dental hygiene department. Data collection was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire from students in the dental hygiene department at universities in Seoul, Chungcheong, and Gangwon from June 20 to August 19, 2021. Variables according to the general characteristics of the subjects were analyzed using t-test and one-way ANOVA, and the post hoc test was verified by Tukey. The correlation between variables was Pearson's correlation, and the factors affecting dental hygiene and students' major satisfaction were multiple regression. The self-directed learning ability of dental hygiene students was 3.57 points, learning immersion was 3.02 points, and major satisfaction was 3.54 points. Dental hygiene students were found to have higher major satisfaction with higher grades, higher college life satisfaction, and higher learning immersion and self-directed learning ability. Therefore, it was found that systematic program development and application is necessary to improve major satisfaction in difficult circumstances due to COVID-19.