• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.482-486
• /
• 2010

In this study, 2-(Nitroimino)imidazoline was prepared by the reaction of nitroguanidine with ethylenediamine in the presence of water at $65^{\circ}C$. The product was identified by using various analytical tools such as melting point, elemental analyzer, IR spectrophotometer, mass spectrometer and TLC. This compound can be used as intermediate for prepareing pesticide-imidacloprid packing and cosmetics preservative.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.404-406
• /
• 1998

Analysis for the imidazoline type cationic surfactants was performed by the gas chromatography(GC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The composition of the alkyl chain distribution was investigated by GC after base/Acid hydrolysis of the imidazoline ring. The distribution of total alkyl chain was separated clearly by a Bondclone C18/NOVA-Pak C18 HPLC column using 50% acetonitrile in methanol containing 0.1M sodium perchlorate as a mobile phase. Alkyl chain distribution and average molecular weight of imidazoline type cationic surfactants were obtained based on these analytical methods. The agreement of results from GC and HPLC was good. The detection limit of imidazoline by HPLC method was 10ng without pretreatment.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2001

A novel clonidine binding sites were characterized in the intestinal membrane isolated from seawater eels, Anguilla japonica. The specific clonidine binding sites consisted of at least two classes, high affinity ($K_d=1.4{\pm}0.3$ nM n = 5) and low affinity ($K_d=175{\pm}34$ nM n = 5) sites. The specific binding of 2 nM [$^3H$]clonidine was most enhanced at $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5, and reversed by unlabelled clonidine. Such binding was hardly inhibited by adrenaline, yohimbine or rauwolscine, indicating that most binding sites are distinct from $\alpha_2$-adrenoceptor. The specific clonidine binding sites was inhibited by various imidazoline/guanidinium drugs, indicating existence of imidazoline/guanidinium receptive sites (IGRS) or imidazoline receptors in the eel intestine. Competition experiments revealed that rank order to displace 2 nM [$^3H$]clonidine from their binding sites was as follows : guanabenz > cirazoline = naphazoline = UK14,304 = ST587 $\geq$ clonidine $\geq$ idazoxan = RX821002 = tolazoline > ST93 = oxymetazoline = amiloride = ST91 > yohimbine = efaroxan = rauwolscine $\geq$ adrenaline = ST567 = histamine = agmatine. Although physiological role of IGRS is not clear yet even in mammalian cell/tissues, eel intestine may be a good model to elucidate how the IGRS act in the cell and to decide what is the endogenous ligand for the IGRS.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2002

Fatty polyamide that gives softness, lubrication and bulky property and alkyl imidazoline that gives durable softness and antistatic property were synthesized. then, an O/W-type durable softener (DSN) was prepared by the emulsion of the synthesized fatty polyamide and alkyl imidazoline. Emulsion stability of the DSN was good, and the mixed HLB value was 11.2. From the measurement of softness, lubrication, antistatic property, bending resistance, and color fastness, it was proved that the prepared DSN was a good durable softener for nylon.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.749-755
• /
• 1994

Imidazoline compounds have been developed in many industrial fields(eg. cosmetic, etc.). These materials can be used in almost all pH ranges and recently its use is successively increased because of nonirritative property. Since the concern of safety has enlarged at industrial application, naturally the use of amphoteric surfactants with new special properties has more. We report general properties of chemical structures of imidazoline surfactants effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.29-33
• /
• 1996

Mono-, or di-substituted chlorodicyanovinyl benzene compound was reacted with an excess amount of ethylenediamine to give corresponding imidazoline product with high reaction yield. This reaction occurs by stable imidazoline ring-forming process through nucleophilic attack of terminal amine on the enaminonitrile adduct, the reaction intermediate, toward electropositive enamine carbon, which is accompanied by the release of neutral malononitrile moiety. The similar reaction with 1,2-phenylenediamine produced stable enaminonitrile-amine adduct at lower temperature which could be cyclized intramolecularly to thermally stable benzimidazole at elevated temperature in solution or in solid state. From the difunctional compound of both reactants, poly(enaminonitrile-amine) could be prepared as a new soluble precursor polymer for well-known polybenzimidazole (PBI). The thermal cyclization reaction accompanying the release of malononitrile molecules was studied using thermalanalysis and infrared spectroscopy.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 2009

In this study, interfacial properties were measured for imidazoline type cationic surfactant system which has been widely used as a fabric softener, a dispersant, an anti-static agent, a bleach activator, and an emulsifier. The CMC of imidazoline surfactant was near $6{\times}10^{-5}mol/L$ and the surface tension at CMC was about 32 mN/m. It was found that surface tension was not affected by surfactant concentration but decreased with an increase in pH. The interfacial tension between 1 wt% aqueous solution and n-dodecane was shown to be about 0.01 mN/m and equilibration time was not affected by pH. Phase behavior experiment in a binary aqueous surfactant system showed that only micellar solution of $L_1$ phase was found under conditions of temperature and pH investigated during this study. Only a two-phase region consisting of lower-phase microemulsion in equilibrium with excess oil phase existed under the same conditions, when oil was added to the binary surfactant system. The foam stability measured with 1 wt% surfactant solution increased with pH, which is consistent with surface tension measurement result. QCM(quartz crystal microbalance) measurement showed that surfactant adsorption increased with surfactant concentration but decreased with pH. According to the friction measurement, best fabric softening effect by imidazoline surfactant system was found under alkali conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.121-127
• /
• 1994

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-undecyl-2-imidazoline[I] was converted into various types of sulfonated or sulfated amphoteric surfactants as following. 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-(3-sulfonatedpropyl)-2-undecyl-2-imidazolium[III] 1-(2-sulfatedethyl)-1-methyl-2-undecyl-2-imidazolium[IV] 1-dioxylethylene methyl sulfonated-1-methyl-2-undecyl-2-imidazoliun[V] N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(3-sulfonatedpropylammonio]ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VI] Mono sodium N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N'-disulfonatedpropylammonio]ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VII] N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl-N'-(2-hydroxypropl-N'(3-sulfonatedpropyl)ammonio] ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VIII] The alkylimidazolines could be readily hydrolyzed to give amidoamines, but by quaternerization, hydrolysis stability of imidazoline and amide type amphoteric surfactantes were increased in the alkali and acid conditions. Also, at least three carbon chains introduce to the main group, water solubility was sparingly increased.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.562-568
• /
• 2014

In this work, synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of series of imidazolines-oxazolines scaffolds 5a-f and 10a-d have been investigated. All the imidazolines-oxazolines derivatives were prepared from acid derivatives 1 and 6a-c, and enantiomerically pure (S)-2-amino-3-methyl-1-butanol in four steps with excellent optical purity. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds have been elucidated by $^1H$, $^{13}C$ NMR, GCMS, and IR spectrometry. Their purity was confirmed using elemental analysis. Some newly synthesized compounds were examined to in-vitro antimicrobial activity. Among the prepared products 10d was found to exhibits the most active against all tested bacteria and fungi with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged between 21.9 and $42.6{\mu}g/mL$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2011

Synthesis of N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-6-substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amines and 6-substituted-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amines by the reaction of substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles with carbon disulphide and methyl iodide followed by the reaction with o-phenylene diamine/ethylene diamine are reported. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and $^1H$ NMR spectral studies. The potent antibacterial and entomological (antifeedant, acaricidal, contact toxicity and stomach toxicity) activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated.