• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.36-45
• /
• 2012

Objectives Perillae Folium (PF) has been widely used in Korean herbal medicines used for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rhinitis, asthma, and enteritis. In this study, to investigate the protective effect of PF on type 1 allergic response, we determined whether PF inhibits early or late allergic responses. Methods The effect of PF was analyzed by ELISA,. RT-PCR and Western blot in RBL-2H3 cells. Levels of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, interleukin (IL)-4 and TNF-${\alpha}$ were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). mRNA levels of cytokines and enzymes were analyzed with RT-PCR. Signal transduction was analyzed with Western blot. Results We found that PF suppressed ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 by the IgE-DNP-HSA stimulation. PF also significantly inhibited enzymes level, such as COX-1, COX-2, iNOS, and HDC2, along with reduced cytokine levels, such as IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, and TNF-${\alpha}$ in RBL-2H3. In addition, PF suppressed the phospholyation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$. Conclusions Our results indicate that PF protects against type 1 allergic response and exert an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of degranulation and expression of cytokines and enzymes via the suppression of signal transduction.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.446-454
• /
• 2012

In order to evaluate the efficacy of SHT against atopic dermatitis (AD), various immune related cytokines as well as histological comparison were performed in animal models, and the results are described. Clinical skin index of the SHT treated group decreased significantly in weeks 11 and 13, compared to the control group. Also, CD4+ immune cell ratio in the dorsal skin was significantly decreased to 69%, and both epidermal and dermal skin thickness was decreased. Serum IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and TNF-${\alpha}$, which are all important markers of inflammation, were decreased to 64%, 44%, 87%, 48%, and 45%, respectively. The expression of histamine, a chemical transmitter increasingly released during the progression of inflammation, was significantly decreased to 47%. The production of IgE immunoglobulin was significantly decreased to 16% compared to the control group. In conclusion, SHT pacifies the activation of T cells, leading to suppression of both Th2 cytokine overexpression and infiltration of immune cells into skin. As a result, relative thinning of both epidermis and dermis were observed. With the results obtained from in vitro studies, the immune modulatory effect of SHT in AD animal models was experimentally demonstrated. This study should provide solid information to construct EBM and for clinical practice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.481-486
• /
• 2018

Cosmetics are primarily applied to the skin; therefore, the association of cosmetic dyes with skin diseases or inflammation is a topic of great interest. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin 7-like cytokine that activates dendritic cells to promote Th2 inflammatory immune responses. TSLP is highly expressed in keratinocytes under inflammatory conditions, which suggests that it may play a critical role in the development of skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. Therefore, we investigated whether cosmetic dyes influenced the production of TSLP by keratinocytes. Phloxine O, also known as D&C Red No.27, is one of the most common red synthetic pigments and is widely used in colored cosmetics. Our results showed that Phloxine O downregulated phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced production of TSLP in a murine keratinocyte cell line (PAM212). Phloxine O also suppressed TSLP expression in KCMH-1 cells, which are mouse keratinocytes that constitutively produce high levels of TSLP. To investigate the in vivo effects of Phloxine O, we induced TSLP expression in mouse ear skin by topically applying MC903, a vitamin D3 analogue that is a well-known inducer of atopic dermatitis-like symptoms. Topical application of Phloxine O prevented MC903-induced TSLP production in mouse ear skin, attenuated the acute dermatitis-like symptoms and decreased serum IgE and histamine levels in mice. Suppression of TSLP expression by Phloxine O correlated with reduced expression of OX40 ligand and Th2 cytokines in mouse ear skin. Our results showed that Phloxine O may be beneficial to prevent dermatitis by suppressing the expression of TSLP and Th2 cytokines in skin.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.380-388
• /
• 2005

In this study, the immunological effect of a traditional Korea herbal medicine, Sochungyong-tang (SCRT) that has been widely used for the treatment of various immunological disorders including allergic asthma in Korea, was examined in vitro. In our previous study demonstrated that SCRT decreases the expression of IL-4 mRNA, that plays pivotal role in Th2 cell development, while increases $IFN-{\gamma}{\tilde{a}}expression$, which is one of the key cytokines for Th1 lineage development in Th0 condition. That study strongly implies that SCRT can correct Th2 dominant condition directly affecting to the CD4+ T cell development. Present study designated to further evaluate the SCRT on helper T cell development by monitoring Th1/Th2 specific cytokine secretion patterns in artificially induced Th1 or Th2 polarized condition. The results demonstrated that Th2 cells were dramatically under-populated in Th2 driven condition with SCRT treatment, while Th1 cells were not altered in Th1 skewed condition. Furthermore, under Th2-skewed conditions the levels of and IL-4 were considerably decreased with SCRT treatment. However, the expression of GATA-3, a transcription factor that plays pivotal role in Th2 lineage programming, was not changed with SCRT, suggesting that the suppression of Th2 cell development by SCRT was not mediated by GATA-3. Present study implies that the effect on CD4+ T cell may be the one of key pharmacological effect point for treating IgE medicated allergic asthma by SCRT. These results also suggest that SCRT might be desirable agent for the correction of Th2 dominant pathological disorders.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.38.1-38.12
• /
• 2020

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that initiate both T-cell responses and tolerance. Tolerogenic DCs (tDCs) are regulatory DCs that suppress immune responses through the induction of T-cell anergy and Tregs. Because lactoferrin (LF) was demonstrated to induce functional Tregs and has a protective effect against inflammatory bowel disease, we explored the tolerogenic effects of LF on mouse bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). The expression of CD80/86 and MHC class II was diminished in LF-treated BMDCs (LF-BMDCs). LF facilitated BMDCs to suppress proliferation and elevate Foxp3⁺ induced Treg (iTreg) differentiation in ovalbumin-specific CD4⁺ T-cell culture. Foxp3 expression was further increased by blockade of the B7 molecule using CTLA4-Ig but was diminished by additional CD28 stimulation using anti-CD28 Ab. On the other hand, the levels of arginase-1 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (known as key T-cell suppressive molecules) were increased in LF-BMDCs. Consistently, the suppressive activity of LF-BMDCs was partially restored by inhibitors of these molecules. Collectively, these results suggest that LF effectively causes DCs to be tolerogenic by both the suppression of T-cell proliferation and enhancement of iTreg differentiation. This tolerogenic effect of LF is due to the reduction of costimulatory molecules and enhancement of suppressive molecules.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.609-616
• /
• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SR-HA(Stemonae Radix-herbal acupuncture) at Joksamni(ST36) on ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA(ovalbumin) for 12 weeks(once a week). One of the two experimental groups was just treated with needle-prick on Joksamni(ST36) and the other group was treated with 1% concentrations of SR-HA at Joksamni(ST36) for the later 8 weeks (3times/week). The weight of lung of the mice group treated with SR-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group, and significantly increased compared with those of normal group. The total cells of lung of the mice group treated with SR-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. Total leukocytes and eosinophils in BALF of the mice group treated wtih SR-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. Eosinophils in BALF of the mice group treated wtih SR-HA in Photomicrographs decreased significantly compared with those of control group. According to histological analysis of lung sections, adhesion of collagen in SR-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group. The concentration of IgE, IL-4, IL-5 in BALF of the mice group treated with SR-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group, and significantly increased compared with those of normal group. The concentration of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in serum of the mice group treated with SR-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group, and significantly increased compared with those of normal group. The number of Gr-1+/CDl1b+, CO3-/CCR3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD3e+/CD69+ cells in the lungs of the mice group treated with SR-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. These results suggest that Stemonae Radix Herbal-acupuncture at Joksamni(ST36) in 057B146mice may be an effective part to OVA-induced asthma in C57BL/6 mice.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국유기농학회 2009년도 하반기 학술대회
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2009

유기농 및 일반재배 대두를 다양한 용매에서 추출하여 그 추출물에 대한 항산화 효과, 항염증 효과, 대식세포의 세포사멸 보호 효과, 그리고 알레르기 저해효과를 비교하였다. DPPH 법과 SOD 효소의 활성 측정으로 항산화 능력을 평가하였으며, 항염증 효과는 LPS로 유도시킨 Raw 264.7 세포주에서 염증 매개 단백질인 Cox-2와 iNOS의 발현량을 western blotting으로 조사하여 분석하였다. 또한 대식세포 보호 효과를 세포사멸 조절 단백질인 Bcl-xl의 발현량 조사로 평가하였고, 1 mM $H_2O_2$ 처리로 유도되는 세포사멸의 보호효과를 세포 수 측정법으로 조사하였다. 항알레르기 효과는 흰쥐의 비만세포인 RBL-2H3 세포주를 사용하여 IgE로 매개되는 비만세포의 탈과립화를 OPT assay로 측정하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 일반 재배보다 유기 재배 대두 추출물이 더 좋은 항산화, 세포사멸 보호, 항염증 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 유기농 대두의 열수 추출물은 LPS로 유도시킨 염증반응을 효과적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 항알레르기 효과는 모든 추출물에서 히스타민 유리량이 약간 감소하는 것으로 나타나 유기농과 일반재배의 차이를 확인할 수 없었다. 대두에는 많은 유용한 생리활성물질 뿐 만 아니라 알레르기 유발 물질도 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있지만 조추출물 상태에서는 특이적인 알레르기 유발보다 오히려 항알레르기 효과가 나타났다. 결론적으로, 만성 염증 및 천식, 그리고 아토피피부염과 같은 염증관련 질환에는 유기재배된 대두가 일반 대두보다 좋은 억제 효과를 가지고 있다고 판단된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.115-127
• /
• 2009

Samsoeum (SSE) is used in traditional oriental medicine for various medicinal purposes. However, the exact mechanism that accounts for the anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory effects of the SSE is still not fully understood. The aim of the present study is to elucidate whether and how SSE modulates the allergic reactions in vivo, and inflammatory reaction in vitro. In this study, we showed that SSE significantly decreased compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis, ear-swelling response, histamine release from preparation of rat peritoneal mast cells and anti-dinitropheny IgE-induced passive cutaneous reaction. Also, SSE inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokine and cyclooxygenase-2 in PMA plus A23187-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1). In addition, we showed that anti-inflammatory mechanism of SSE is through suppression of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ activation and $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ phosphorylation/degradation in HMC-1. These results provided new insight into the pharmacological actions of SSE as a potential molecule for therapy of inflammatory allergic diseases.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2012

Objectives : Fagopyrum esculentum(FE) has been used for removal of inflammation of internal organs and treatment of sore and ulcer by heat toxin in Korean herbal medicines. In this study, To investigated the protective effect of FE on allergic response, we determined whether FE inhibits allergic response. Methods : The effect of FE was analyzed by ELISA, RT-PCR and Western blot in RBL-2H3 cells. We investigated cell viability, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, as a marker of degranulation, cytokne, and intracellular ROS and MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. Results : We found that FE suppressed ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release, the production of IL-4 and TNF-${\alpha}$ and intracellular ROS level in RBL-2H3 by the anti-DNP IgE plus DNP-HSA stimulation. FE also significantly inhibited cytokine mRNA expressions, such as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$ and GM-CSF in RBL-2H3. In addition, PF suppressed the phospholyation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38 and $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and NF-${\kappa}B$ signal transduction pathway. Conclusions : Our results indicate that FE protects against allergic response and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of degranulation and production of cytokines and ROS via the suppression MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ of signal transduction. Abbrevations : FE, Fagopyrum esculentum; RBL-2H3, rat basophilic leukemia cell line; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase; $NF{\kappa}B$, nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$; $TNF{\alpha}$, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; GM-CSF, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; ERK, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; p38, p38 MAP kinase; $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, inhibitory-kappa B alpha.