• Title/Summary/Keyword: Identical case

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The biblographical study on $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine -(Comparative study between Oriental and Western Medicine)- (두풍(頭風)과 편두통(Migraine)에 대(對)한 동서의학적(東西醫學的) 문헌고찰(文獻考察))

  • Oh, So-Jeo;Jeong, Ji-Cheon;Lee, Won-Chul
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.129-138
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    • 1993
  • This report on the $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine comes to conclude, through the study of the Oriental- Western medical references, as follow; 1. First, $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine had some concurrencies that both the two symptoms have appeared severe and recurrent headache and more often to the female. 2 Many of them e.g. Sensory disturbance, Vertigo, Nausea, Vomiting, Tinnitus etc. in the prodrome and main symptom of $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine were identical, especially the symptom of the $f{\bar{e}}ng\;t{\acute{a}}n\;t{\acute{o}}u\;t{\grave{o}}ng$ was similar to the prodrome of the Migraine. We could find out the semilarity of the symptoms through that Migraine is proximately set in unilateral, and $Pi{\bar{a}}nT{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ is so called alias $B{\grave{a}}n\;bi{\bar{a}}n\;t{\acute{o}}u\;t{\grave{o}}ng$. 3. The pathogeny of $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ include the case of ‘$f{\bar{e}}ng\;xi{\acute{e}}\;r{\grave{u}}\;n{\bar{a}}o$’, the patient feeling weak condition, $T{\acute{a}}n,\;T{\acute{a}}nshi,\;T{\acute{a}}nhu{\breve{o}},\;Y{\grave{u}}q{\grave{i}}$, etc. and, ‘$t{\acute{a}}n\;zhu{\grave{o}}\;sh{\grave{a}}ng\;y{\acute{a}}o$’, ‘$G{\bar{a}}n\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;hu{\grave{a}}\;f{\bar{e}}ng$’. There were variable that $F{\bar{e}}ng,\;Xu{\grave{e}},\;F{\bar{e}}ngr{\grave{a}},\;F{\bar{e}}ngx{\bar{u}},\;Xu{\grave{e}}x{\bar{u}},\;Hu{\check{o}}$ in the left, and $t{\acute{a}}n,\;R{\grave{e}},\;t{\acute{a}}nr{\grave{e}},\;Qir{\acute{a}}$ in the right partial pathogeny. It was referred $Sh{\grave{a}}o\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $Ju{\acute{e}}\;y{\bar{i}}n\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $Y{\acute{a}}ng\;m{\acute{i}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $T{\grave{a}}i\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$ in connection with the Meridian system. And otherwise the primary cause of Migraine is still unknown to us. Heredity is probably important, but the mode of transmission is uncertain. Recently, the important assumption is the vasomotor change caused by vasoconstrictors like that norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin etc.

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Electrical Discharge Plasma in a Porous Ceramic Membrane-supported Catalyst for the Decomposition of a Volatile Organic Compound (다공질 세라믹지지 촉매 상에서의 플라즈마 방전을 이용한 휘발성유기화합물의 분해)

  • Jo, Jin-Oh;Lee, Sang Baek;Jang, Dong Lyong;Mok, Young Sun
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.433-437
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    • 2013
  • Electrical discharge plasma created in a multi-channel porous ceramic membrane-supported catalyst was applied to the decomposition of a volatile organic compound (VOC). For the purpose of improving the oxidation capability, the ceramic membrane used as a low-pressure drop catalyst support was loaded with zinc oxide photocatalyst by the incipient wetness impregnation method. Alternating current-driven discharge plasma was created inside the porous ceramic membrane to produce reactive species such as radicals, ozone, ions and excited molecules available for the decomposition of VOC. As the voltage supplied to the reactor increased, the plasma discharge gradually propagated in the radial direction, creating an uniform plasma in the entire ceramic membrane above a certain voltage. Ethylene was used as a model VOC. The ethylene decomposition efficiency was examined with experimental variables such as the specific energy density, inlet ethylene concentration and zinc oxide loading. When compared at the identical energy density, the decomposition efficiency obtained with the zinc oxide-loaded ceramic membrane was substantially higher than that of the bare membrane case. Both nitrogen and oxygen played an important role in initiating the decomposition of ethylene. The rate of the decomposition is governed by the quantity of reactive species generated by the plasma, and a strong dependence of the decomposition efficiency on the initial concentration was observed.

A Real-time Point-to-Point Shortest Path Search Algorithm Based on Traveling Time (주행시간 기반 실시간 점대점 최단경로 탐색 알고리즘)

  • Lee, Sang-Un
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.131-140
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    • 2012
  • The shortest path search algorithm of navigation is generally based on Dijkstra algorithm and considers only the distance using the weight. Dijkstra algorithm based on the distance mainly ought to perform the 'number of nodes 1' and requires a lot of memory, for it is to start from the starting node and to decide the shortest path for all the nodes. Also, it searches only the same identical path in case of any bottleneck due to an accident nearby, since it is based only on the distance, and hence does not have a system that searches the detour road. In order to solve this problem, this paper considers only the travelling time per road (travelling speed * distance), without applying speed criteria (smoothness, slow speed, stagnation and accident control) or road class (express road, national road and provincial road). This provides an advantage of searching the detour, considering the reality that there are differences in time take for the car to travel on different roads with same distance, due to any accident, stagnation, or repair construction. The suggested algorithm proves that it can help us to reach the destination within the shortest time, making a detour from any congested road (outbreak) on providing an information on traveling time continuously(real-time) even though there is an accident in a particular road.

A Study on the Correlation Lee Jae Ma's Four Types of Essential Physical Constitution and From index - Concerning Male and Female 3rd Year High School Student in Some Urban and Rural Areas - (사상체질류형(四象體質類型)과 체격(體格) 및 신체형태지수(身體形態指數)와의 비교연구(比較硏究) - 도시(都市)와 농촌(農村)의 일부지역(一部地域) 남녀고등학교(男女高等學校) 3학년(學年) 학생(學生)을 대상(對象)으로 -)

  • Lee, Moon-Ho;Hong, Sun-Yong
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.71-85
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    • 1990
  • 673 third-year students of boy's and girl's high schools in Taegu city and Kuni-gun and Youngyang-gun and Euisung-gun in Kyongbuk province were selected and investigated as the subject, of this study on the correlation between Lee Jae Ma's Four Types of Essential Physical Constitution and Physical Form index. The result of the study was found as follows. First, as for Height, the findings were not identical with the expression that "person of shaoyin(minor Yin) Type are short and small -- while person of Taiyin (major Yin) Type are tall and big," cited in classification of four different constitutions in a document named "Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won". Comparison of persons of Shaoyang (minor Yang) - Type proved infitness due to the lack of data on Height in documents concerning Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential physical constitution. Second, as for Sitting Height, the correlation was prored between the findings of this study and the expression in the above document describing external physical characteristics of shaoyin-Type persons that "The upper part and' the lower part of the body are well balanced", but in point of Relative Sitting Height, none between the two. Third, as for Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth plus Weight and Relative Weight, the expression that "Persons of Taiyin(major Yin) Type have the largest physique of the lour types of persons in the characteristics of external physical features, and that they also tend to have continental(widechest or large-scaled) character and strong nerve, that they are stoutly-built and fal." proved to have the correlation with the findings of this study. Fourth, in point of Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth, this study found that its findings have the correlation with the phrase that "Chests are well developed upwar -- and sturdy and solid." in describing the characteristics of Shaoyang (minor Yang)-Type person' external physical features, and that with the phrase that "Chests are narrow" in the case of Shaoyin(minor Yin)-Type persons. Fifth, as for Weight and Relative Weight, the correlation was found between the findings and the expression that "shaoyin-Type persons have comparatively less flesh" as a sign of external physical characteristics of Shaoyin-Type persons. The above-cited findings proved that there exist some correlations between external physique of the Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential constitution and physical Form Indexes. Actually, however, in clinical classification, it is desirable that this approach should be consulted only after carefull consideration based on Lee Jae Ma's theory, and it seems imperative to continue the study of objectivization of Lee's theory.

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Absence of DNA Polymorphisms in Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Relation to their Host Plants (기주식물 종류에 따른 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)의 DNA Polymorphism 비교)

  • H. J. Kim;K. S. Boo;K. H. Cho
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.209-215
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    • 1996
  • DNA polymorphisms were analyzed for 8 clones of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). The insect has different host preferences and was even classified into two different species, M. persicae Sulzer and Myzus nicotinae Blackman by their morphological characters, but this point is still in arguement. To identify the differences between two types of the green peach aphid by RAPD-PCR, the template DNA was extracted from 4 clones each of tobacco-feeding and non-tobacco-feeding forms and one hundred primers of 10-nucleotideslong were tested in PCR. The amplified DNAs were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Eighty-three primers gave amplified DNA fragments with 1 to 22 in number and 500 to 20,000 base pairs in length, but no amplification was observed in the other 17 primers. The average number of fragment per each amplification was about 13. In the case of 82 out of 83 random primers, band patterns of amplified DNA were identical among 8 clones, even though some differences were noticed in the intensity of specific bands. Polymorphism was detected by only one primer within the tobacco-feeding forms, but not between the two host types. The results did not detect any relationship between RAPD polymorphism and their host preference.

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Relative Sweetness and Sweetness Quality of Low Calorie Sweeteners in Milk and Coffee Model System (우유와 커피 모델 시스템에 적용된 저열량 감미 소재의 감미도와 감미질)

  • Choi, Ji-Hye;Kim, Kwang-Pyo;Chung, Seo-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.754-762
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    • 2013
  • This study investigated the relative sweetness of various sweeteners (tagatose, xylose, erythritol, sucralose, and enzyme treated stevia) in milk and instant coffee systems. Additionally, the effects of interactions with other ingredients on the sensory characteristics of milk and coffee were explored. In the case of a banana-flavored milk system, sucrose was added to a concentration of 5%, and the five types of sweetener were added to a concentration of equal sweetness to a 5% concentration of sucrose. For coffee systems, 5.9% sucrose level and sweeteners' concentration equivalent to this level was added. A generic descriptive analysis was performed using ten trained panelists. The results showed that the relative sweetness of all the sweeteners was identical to that identified in the aqueous system, except for stevia in the milk system and in the coffee system with added vegetable cream. For the black coffee system, the relative sweetness decreased for tagatose, erythritol and for stevia. Fat and vegetable cream significantly affected the sensory qualities of milk and coffee, respectively.

A Study on the Deformation Behavior of the Segmental Grid Retaining Wall Using Scaled Model Tests (조립식 격자 옹벽의 변형거동에 관한 모형실험 연구)

  • Bae, Woo-Seok;Kwon, Young-Cheul;Kim, Jong-Woo
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.350-359
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    • 2007
  • Most large cut slopes of open pit mines, roadways, and railways are steeply inclined and composed with rocks that do not contain soils. However, these rock slopes suffer both weathering and fragmentation. In the case of steep slopes, falling rock and collapse of a slope may often occur due to surface erosion. Cast-in place concrete and rubble work are the most widely used earth structure-based pressure supports that act as restraints against the collapse of the rock slope. In order to overcome the shortcomings of conventional retaining walls, a segmental grid retaining wall is being used with connects precasted segments to construct the wall. In this study, laboratory model test was conducted to estimate deformation behavior of segmental grid retaining wall with configuration of rear strecher, height and inclination of the wall. In order to examine the behavior characteristics of a segmental grid retaining wall, this research analyzes the aspects of spacial displacement through relative displacement according to change in the inclination of the wall. Also, the walls behavior according to the formation and status of the rear stretcher which serves the role of transferring the load from the header and the stretcher which make up the wall, the displacement of backfill materials in the wall, and the location of the maximum load were surveyed and the characteristics of displacement in the segmental grid retaining wall were observed. The test results of the segmental grid retaining wall showed that there was a sudden increase in failure load according to the decrease in the wall's height and the size of the in was greatly decreased. Furthermore, it revealed that with identical inclination and height, the structure of the rear stitcher did not greatly affect the starting point or size of maximum horizontal displacement, but rather had a stronger effect on the inclination of the wall.

Numerical Study on Vertical Stress Estimation for Panel Pillars at Room and Pillar Mines (주방식 광산의 패널 광주 수직응력 추정을 위한 수치해석 연구)

  • Yoon, Dong-Ho;Song, Jae-Joon
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.473-483
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    • 2020
  • This paper examines the vertical stress change concentrated on mine pillar which occurs due to the stress disturbance from opening excavation at room and pillar mine by FLAC3D, a finite difference method (FDM) software. The mesh size combination is decided with a careful consideration of relative error and run-time, then its performance is verified. A series of numerical analyses is conducted and the vertical stress at central pillar was observed for the test cases of 1×1 to 11×11 mine pillars, 40 m to 320 m depth with 40 m difference. The results show that the vertical stress of pillar approaches to the similar value with the value estimated by tributary area theory(TAT) when the development area (NP) is increased or the height of overburden (HOB) is decreased, while it is overestimated in the opposite case. Furthermore, it also represents that the vertical stress factor (VSF) converges to a specific value when the depth is increased whille keeping the development area identical.

The Study on the Performance of DS/CDMA with a Suppressed Pilot Channel in Mobile Satellite Communication System (이동위성 통신 시스템에서 억압 파일롯트 채널을 이용한 DS / CDMA의 성능 분석)

  • Chung, Boo-Young;Choi, Bong-Keun;Kang, Young-Heung;Lee, Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.151-160
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    • 1997
  • In this paper, we have carried out the DS/CDMA with a suppressed pilot channel, which is used in receiving coherently with Rake diversity and in synchronizing the chip timing, in the mobile satellite communication. Also, we have investigated the envelope variation of a shadowed Rician fading simulator, and analyzed the error performences of DS/CDMA in the mobile satellite communication. The results showed that the error performance in the Heavy shadowing environment might be degraded more than in the Rayleigh fading environment since the fading envelopes in the former environment are varied randomly compared with those in the latter environment. And the performence of DS/CDMA system could be improved about 10 dB compared with that of narrowband QPSK system. In conclusion, DS/CDMA with a suppressed pilot channel had the best performance in the case of the suppressed pilot channel to transmission power ratio $\beta$=-8 dB, the number of complex delay profiles $N_{profile}$=32, and using these values, the error performance of DS/CDMA in Light shadowing environment was identical to the ideal QPSK error performance.

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Mechanisms of the Formation of Geographic Misconceptions: A Case Study of High School Students' Misconceptions in the Subject of Korean Geography (지리 오개념 형성 메커니즘: 고등학생들의 한국지리 오개념을 사례로)

  • Kim, Minsung
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.601-614
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate high school students' geographic misconceptions and their mechanisms of formation. Three main theories explaining why students develop misconceptions exist: 1) framework theory, 2) p-prim(phenomenological primitive) theory, and 3) categorization theory. This study chose three target geographic concepts, or, 1st and 2nd mountain ranges, secondary central business district and satellite city, and the Nopsae wind and the F$\ddot{o}$hn phenomenon. Then, this research explored students' typical misconceptions regarding these concepts and attempted to examine which theory explains the misconception forming processes most well. As a result, the following misconceptions were found. First, students understood that the numbers 1 and 2 denote the order of the formation of mountain ranges. Second, despite differences in their main functions, students tended to subsume the secondary central business district and satellite city under one functional category. Third, students believed that the Nopsae wind and the F$\ddot{o}$hn phenomenon are identical in hierarchy. This study explained students' creation of these misconceptions by applying the categorization theory in which students located a concept in an inappropriate location of an ontology tree.

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