• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.3 s.25
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• pp.53-62
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• 2005

Efficient snow-removing work is one of important processes of winter road management. Calcium chloride has been used as a typical deicing agent in Korea. It presents superial performance as snow deicing agents, however it has been known to give serious environmental problem and to deteriorate durability of concrete structure in road by corrosion. The environment-friendly road deicing agents made from the waste material which is liquid phase organic matter that is Ca Mg and reactant of organic acid (nitric acid and propionic acid) have been introduced by number of researchers. They indicated the calcium magnesium salt of organic acids have advantage over the calcium choride in terms of lower production unit cost by resources recycling and can solve environmental problem and durability deterioration of structures. In this study, the deicing performance of calcium magnesium salt of organic acids(CMO) is investigated based on the series of experiments including the test for heat of dissolution, freezing point, ice melting test and ice penetration test.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.169-177
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to forecast the sales of convenience store flagship products with nonlinear characteristics and time series characteristics. According to the results, the sales of 'Ice Cup' began to increase from March, reached the highest value in summer, especially July and August, and then decreased, revealing a seasonal pattern. Cigarettes showed a seasonal pattern of higher sales in summer and lower sales in winter and was predicted to decrease in sales in the future. This study provides an academic implication in that it focused on the top-selling products that affected an increase in financial performance in a specific convenience store, a method that has been hardly adopted by the existing studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.106-117
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• 2004

The factors of obesity related with food habits were assessed to provide information for nutrition education database. The subjects in this study were 234 primary school children in Busan. Children were classified into normal and obese groups(mildly obese, moderately obese and severely obese) by obesity index. In self-recognition of body image, only 28.6% of MI group considered themselves as 'overweight or obese'. 87.2% of the subjects controlled their weight method with exercise. With regard to meal speed, 64.5% of the subjects ate $fast({\leq}15\;min.)$. The study also found that 79.8% of the subjects ate breakfast, 56.4% of the subjects them were moderate by obese, 40.8% of the subjects ate snacks after dinner. Eating speed, meal volume and snacks money per day were significantly different in obesity. Preference for eating out was Korean Chinese, Western and Japanese food, in order. Favorite food for snack, such as ddukbokki, fruits, milk. fried foods and candy and caramel were significantly different in obesity(p<0.05). However hamberger, pizza and chocolate were not significantly different in obesity. The most preference snack for all the subjects were fruits and ice cream. In food preference, potato, dduk, meats, fishes, cheese, milk, ice cream were significantly different in obesity. The distasteful food for subjects were patbab, vegetables, shellfishes and salt-fermented foods. From above results, obesity of children was related to meal speed, meal volume and snacks motley per day. Therefore, these results suggest that continuous and practical nutrition education to change food habits art necessary to avoid child obesity.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.290-298
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• 2015

This paper suggests a multi-agent message transport architecture based on the message-oriented middleware ZeroMQ. Compared with the other middlewares such as CORBA, Ice, and Thrift, ZeroMQ receives a good score in the evaluation of performance, QoS (Quality of Service), patterns, user friendliness, and resources. The suggested message transfer architecture borrowed many basic concepts like agent platform, AMS (Agent Management System), and MTS (Message Transfer System) from FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents) standard multi-agent specifications, and the architecture inherited the strength of the architecture from the multi-agent framework SMAF (Smart Multi-Agent Framework). The architecture suggested in this paper is a novel peer-to-peer architecture which is not known to the ZeroMQ community. In the suggested architecture, every MTS agent uses only one ZeroMQ router socket to support peer-to-peer communication among MTS agents. The suggested architecture can support closely collaborating software areas such as intelligent robots as well as the traditional application areas of multi-agent architecture. The suggested architecture has interoperability and scalability with the ZeroMQ devices and patterns.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.78-82
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• 2006

The Partial Discharge Monitoring System is technology which is available to measure & analysis the partial discharge of Power equipment. This technology is in the limelight as a pre-forecast system of equipment defect but there are some problems like no protocol standard, layered network management and the limitation of physical size. This paper presents whole system structure includes engineering centers, LN(Logical Node) to apply PDMS for, base-digital substation system, ICE61850 compatible Condition Monitoring &Diagnosis (CMD), Local Unit(LU), Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) for the solution scheme of these limitations.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.45-74
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• 2024

The import content of export (ICE) has served as an indicator of global integration for several decades. It is defined as the share of imported products embodied in exports and can be interpreted as the relative degree of the utilization of global production network (GPN) over the domestic supply chain (DSC) in terms of 'value-added.' This paper proposes two new indicators of global integration. They are defined as the ratios of imports (foreign products) to gross output (domestic products) generated by exports and can be interpreted as the relative degrees of the utilization of GPN over DSC in terms of 'production.' Both indicators are easy to compute and can be compared between years, between countries, between industries, and between groups of industries. The paper applies the new indicators to the recent edition of the OECD's Input-Output Database. Finally, the paper shows that the recent slowdown in international trade is mostly due to the decrease in the international trade of intermediate goods, with significant implications regarding the future of global integration.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.329-332
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• 2003

Aquaculture have been important role to supply food resources for mankind. However, competitive power of domestic mariculture industry was declined due to increase of labor and feed expenditures, and quantity import of low-priced livefishes from the developing underdeveloped nations in North and South East Asia. Mass production and quality enhancement can be pointed out to overcome such an industrial environment in this decade. To meet these requirement, movable mariculture base remodeling feasible vessel of chemical tanker or crude oil carrier has been proposed for more advanced mariculture management system by using deep seawater from about 200m which is sustainablely clean, nutrient-rich and cold seawater. Deep seawater can be applied for control of seawater temperature for mariculture base and cultivation phytoplankton and seaweed as feed. Besides mariculture, strategic marketing can be implemented by raw water and ice of deep seawater. Feasibility of applying deep seawater was considered after evaluating general movable mariculture base and management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.155-162
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyse serving size, plate waste, and sensory evaluation on menu of university foodservice. This study was conducted in three restaurant of one university for 14 days, 1995. The serving size of food was measured by weighing machine. The plate waste of food was calculated by the aggregative selective plate waste measurement technique. Questionnaires of sensory evaluation were developed and hand-delivered at three restaurants. Rating criteria of sensory evaluation were appearance, taste, temperature, color, flavor, texture and overall quality. The plate waste of side dish were 35.5%, 42.5%, and 39.2% in A, B, and C restaurants. The plate waste of kimchi were 46.8%, 36.3%, and 55.9% in A, B, and C restaurants. So, university foodservice manager should concern quality of side dish and kimchi. The score of fried food in sensory evaluation was low. So, batch cooking was needed. The score of rice in sensory evaluation of C restaurants was very low. Therefore, steam ice cooker in C restaurants should be changed by gas automatic rice cooker.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 2005

Spotlighted as an innovative information technology environment, ubiquitous computing has been actively researched on recently. Especially, domestic and global researches focus on the RFID system, which is being eyed to replace the existing bar-code system. As an essential technology for ubiquitous computing, the RFID system can be applied for various purposes. The security issues of the RFID system focus on how the low-priced tag type could have reasonable price competitiveness. The Auto-ID Center in the U.S. is spearheading the research on distribution service and omni-directional security. As for Japan, the researches on omni-directional security and EPC application are necessary in securing the technology for ubiquitous computing with support from the Ministry of Public Management Home Affairs, Posts, and Telecommunication. In this paper, a method of ensuring the availability of the RFID system service will be presented based on the ubiquitous computing environment with the existing omni-directional security and user-friendly interface. While the existing researches focus on the RF reader system and tag-based security, this paper's suggestion also considers the availability of a sen ice to suggest ways of increasing the practical usage of a low-priced RF tag.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 2006

This study was performed by questionnaire to investigate the preference and intake frequency of Korean traditional commercial beverages. The subjects were consisted of 320 participants in Daegu and Kyungpook area. 'Chain market' scored 49.4% as purchasing place of traditional beverages. 'Tea bag' scored 31.6% as the favorite package of traditional beverages. On the reasons of drinking traditional beverage 'good for health' scored the highest with 31.3% respondents, followed by 'good smell' with 14.4%. Coffee and traditional tea were the choice of beverage after having a rich meal and on occasion of entertaining guests. The favorite foods in ordinary days were 'tea', 'alcohol', 'ice cream', 'nuts' and 'cookie'. More than thirty percent of the respondents, both male and female, raised the need of improvement in taste of traditional beverage. In the intake frequency, Korea traditional beverages obtained 1.80 points as a whole. 'Green tea' scored highest(3.40points) while 'mulberry-leaf tea' received the lowest score of 1.31 points. The preferred Korean traditional drinks were 'greed tea', 'shick hae', 'citron tea', 'misitgaru', 'maesil tea', 'rice tea' in the order. On the other hand, the preference for 'mulberry-leaf tea', 'boxthom tea', 'ginger tea', 'chrysanthemum tea' and 'omija tea' was very low. The people who are on twenties preferred 'shick hae', 'honey tea', 'citron tea', 'black tea' and 'misitgaru' more than the other generation.