• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Nucleotide sequence in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA among mulberry varieties (Morus species) were analyzed in order to identify the possibility of classification for the species. The variations in the ITS regions were compared among 9 mulberry varieties and one variety of Cudrania species as an outgroup. ITS 1 region of the varieties ranging from 219 to 220 bp in length was 49-50 bp shorter than ITS 2 region. Of 510 sites in the ITS 1 and 2 regions, 148 sites were potentially variable, of which 52% and 48% sites were distributed in ITS 1 and ITS 2 regions, respectively. By pairwise comparisons on the nucleotide sequences in the ITS 1 and 2 regions among 9 mulberry varieties, they were classified into 5 groups. Divergence values of the sequences, however, were considerably low ranging from 0 to 1.3%. Especially, there was no divergence among Backasipmunja, Chungilppong and Milsungpong and Jungyasang, Ssarigol II and Yulbon, respectively.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2004

한국산 옻나무속 6종에 대하여 분자식물학적 방법으로 계통유연관계를 확인하기 위하여, nrDNA의 ITS 구간과 cpDNA rbcL 염기서열을 사용하여 계통분석한 결과 ITS 1의 길이는 $246{\sim}253\;bp$이었고, ITS 2는 $234{\sim}244\;bp$이었다. ITS 1의 길이는 Rhus sylvestris와 R. succedanea에서 246 bp로 가장 작았으며, R. verniciflua에서 253 bp로 가장 긴 것으로 나타났다. ITS 2의 길이는 R. verniciflua가 234 bp로 가장 짧았으며, R. trichocarpr가 244 bp로 가장 길게 나타났다. 이들 분류군의 G+C Content는 ITS 1에서는 $58.0{\sim}68.13%$의 범위를 나타냈고, ITS 2에서는 $59.75{\sim}68.46%$로 나타나 두 구간이 비슷한 비율을 보이고 있었다. ITS 1에서의 G+C content는 R. sylvestris가 58.0%로 가장 낮았으며, 가장 높은 값은 R. ambigua가 68.13%로 확인되었다. ITS 2에서는 외군인 Cotinus coggygria가 59.75%로 가장 낮았으며, R. ambigua가 68.46%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 한국산 옻나무 속에서 ITS 염기서열은 일반적으로 피자식물이 갖는 G+C content 범위 안에 포함되는 것으로 확인되었다. 한편, rbcL의 길이는 1,428 bp로 모든 종에서 동일하였다. 또한 rbcL의 G+C content는 $43.56%{\sim}43.77%$로 나타나 종간에 거의 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 연구결과 rbcL gene은 옻나무속의 종간 계통유연관계를 해석하는데 유용하지 않았으며, ITS 1 구간의 염기서열 변이는 향후 옻나무속을 분류할 때 신속하게 분류할 수 있는 분류 marker로 이용할 수 있다고 판단되었다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2009

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA were used to assess phylogenetic relationships of four Korean oyster species. The average number of species-specific markers identified from five universal rice primers (URPs) by RAPD-PCR was 1.8 for Crassostrea gigas, 3.2 for C. nippona, 3.6 for C. ariakensis, and 4.6 for Ostrea denselamellosa. The length of the ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region ranged from 1,001 to 1,206 bp (ITS1, 426-518 bp; 5.8S, 157 bp; and ITS2, 418-536 bp), while the GC content ranged from 55.5-61.1% (ITS1, 56.8-61.8%; 5.8S, 56-57.3%; and ITS2, 54.1-62.2%). A phylogenetic analysis of the oysters based on our RAPD, ITS1, and ITS2 sequence data revealed a close relationship between C. gigas and C. nippona and a distant relationship between the genera Crassostrea and Ostrea. Our results indicated that RAPD and ITS sequence analysis was a useful tool for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships and for the selection of species-specific markers in Korean oysters.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1260-1266
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 H. marmoreus 3-10균주와 H. marmoreus 1-1균주의 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) cluster의 분석이 수행되었다. Small subunit (SSU)와 intergenic spacer 2 (IGS 2)는 부분적으로 염기서열이 결정되었고, internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1), 5.8S, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2), large subunit (LSU), intergenic spacer 1 (IGS 1), 5S는 완전하게 염기서열이 결정 되었다. 팽이버섯 H. marmoreus 3-10균주와 H. marmoreus 1-1균주의 rDNA cluster는 총 7,049 bp로 결정되었다. SSU은 1,796 bp, ITS1은 229 bp, 5.8S은 153 bp, ITS2는 223 bp, LSU은 3,348 bp, IGS1은 390 bp, IGS2은 900 bp로 염기서열이 분석되었다. 결정된 rDNA cluster의 총 7,049 bp 중에서 17 bp가 다름이 확인되었고, 각각 SSU (2 bp), ITS (3 bp), LSU (9 bp), IGS (3 bp)에서 차이를 확인하였다. ITS regions의 2차 구조 결과 5개의 stem-loop가 있음이 드러났다. 흥미롭게도, 이들 stem-loop 사이에서 stem-loop V에서 한 개의 상이한 염기가 다른 2차 구조를 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.145-148
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• 2004

We compared the DNA sequence difference of isolates of Clonorchis sinensis from one Korean (Kimhae) and two Chinese areas (Guangxi and Shenyang), The sequences of nuclear rDNA (18S, internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2: ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1: cox1) were compared. A very few intraspecific nucleotide substitution of the 18S, ITS1, ITS2 and cox1 was found among three isolates of C. sinensis and a few nucleotide insertion and deletion of ITS1 were detected. The 18S, ITS1, ITS2 and cox1 sequences were highly conserved among three isolates. These findings indicated that the Korean and two Chinese isolates are similar at the DNA sequence level.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.337-340
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• 1999

rDNA내의 ITS region의 염기서열 분석 결과를 토대로 19종의 Phellinus 속균중 Phellinus linteus를 특이적으로 동정할 수 있는 primer를 제작하였다. 이 특이 primer는 ITS1과 ITS2내에 위치하며 이들 spacer region에 인접해 있는 universal Primer내에 위치해 있다. 총 4개의 Primer(universal primer인 ITS-1F와 ITS-4 그리고 특이 primer인 PL-F와 PL-R)가 한국에서 채집된 Phellinus 속균중 Phellinus linteus를 동정하는데 사용되었다. Phellinus linteus의 증폭된 DNA크기는 800bp(ITS-1F/ITS-4)와 720 bp(ITS-1F/PL-R과 PL-F/ITS-4)에 해당하는 2개의 band, 그리고 610 bp(PL-F/PL-R)인 것으로 나타났다. 한국에서 채집된 23종의 Phellinus속균중 13종이 Phellinus linteus인 것으로 확인되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2007

The development of suitable genetic markers would be useful for defining species and delineating the species boundaries of morphologically indistinguishable sponges. In this study, genetic variation in the sequences of nuclear rDNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 3 (CO1 and CO3) regions were compared in morphologically indistinguishable Korean Halichondriidae sponges in order to determine the most suitable species-specific molecular marker region. The maximal congeneric nucleotide divergences of Halichondriidae sponges in CO1 and CO3 are similar to those found among anthozoan cnidarians, but they are 2- to 8-fold lower than those found among genera of other triploblastic metazoans. Ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS: ITS1 + ITS2) showed higher congeneric variation (17.28% in ITS1 and 10.29% in ITS2) than those of CO1 and CO3. Use of the guidelines for species thresholds suggested in the recent literature indicates that the mtDNA regions are not appropriate for use as species-specific DNA markers for the Halichondriidae sponges, whereas the rDNA ITS regions are suitable because ITS exhibits a low level of intraspecific variation and a relatively high level of interspecific variation. In addition, to test the reliability of the ITS regions for identifying Halichondriidae sponges by PCR, a species-specific multiplex PCR primer set was developed.

• 한국ITS학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.40-50
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• 2003

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2007

Insulin, transferrin and selenium (ITS) complex is reported to improve in vitro development of oocytes and embryos. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of ITS during in vitro culture (IVC) of porcine parthenogenetic and nuclear transfer (NT) embryos on subsequent developmental capacity in vitro. The electrically activated oocytes were cultured in Porcine Zygote Medium (PZM-3) with various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0%) of ITS for 7 days. Also, the electrically activated reconstructed embryos were cultured in PZM-3 with various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0%) of ITS for 6 days. Addition of ITS to culture medium did not affect development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos in vitro. To test the effect of ITS on the in vitro development of porcine NT embryos, factorial experiments were also performed for in vitro maturation (IVM) medium (TCM-199) with or without 1% ITS and culture medium (PZM-3) with or without 0.5% ITS. Addition of 0.5% ITS to culture medium increased (p<0.05) the proportion of NT blastocysts compared with non-treated group. In contrast, addition of 1% ITS to culture medium was ineffective or had a detrimental effect. Also, addition of ITS only to maturation medium increased (p<0.05) the percentage of NT blastocysts formation compared with the control group. In conclusion, addition of ITS to IVM or IVC medium could improve subsequent blastocyst development of porcine NT embryos.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.66-77
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• 1999

The sequences coding for the 5.8S rDNA and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS 2) from the isolates of nine isolates of Gyrodinium impudicum and two isolates of Gymnodinium sanguineum species were amplified, sequenced and compared with the previously known Alexandrium species and Gymnodinium catenatum. The genetic distance analyses based on the sequence alignment indicated that Gymnodinium catenatum and Gyrodinium impudicum species were some related, Alexandrium species was distant. G. catenatum and G. sanguineum were quite separate, but these two species belonged to the same genus. G. impudicum and G. catenatum forming the closet cluster showed some variation in the alignment of ITS regions. The length of ITS1 varied more than that of ITS2 and the length of ITS1 and ITS2 was different for each G. impudicum, Gymnodinium and Alexandrium species. Also, the length of ITS1 was shorter than that of ITS2. However, on the sequences of G. sanguineum, the length of ITS1 was longer about 23 nucleotides than that of ITS2. The phylogenetic analysis and rDNA similarity of G. impudicum and G. catenatum $(59\%)$ is higher than the that of G. catenatum and G. sanguineum $(55\%)$. It was thought that the phylogenetic analysis and the genetic distance revealed that G. impudicum and G. catenatum were clearly different species and G. impudicum may belong to the genus of Gymnodinium.