• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.73-116
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• 2005

When people contact the government they can use a variety of channels. That is, they go in person to an office, use a telephone service, access information via the Internet, send a letter, or use a third party. Since the Australian Government first recognised the potential of online technology to improve service delivery in its 1997 Investing for Growth statement, it has articulated its policies and strategies for e-government in a number of papers. E-government involves government agencies delivering better programs and services online through the use of new information and communication technologies. The policy papers included Government Online-The Commonwealth's Strategy, launched in April 2000, and a new framework for e-government, Better Services. Better Government, launched in November 2002. Most recently, the Government released Australia's Strategic Framework for the Information Economy in July 2004. These papers outlined the broad directions and priorities for the future of e-government in Australia, and sought to maintain the momentum of agencies' actions under Government Online. One of its key objectives was for agencies to achieve greater efficiency in providing services and a return on their investments in ICT (Information and Communication Technology)-based service delivery. They also stated that investing in e-government should deliver tangible returns, whether they take the form of cost reductions, increased efficiency and productivity, or improved services to business and the broader community Implementation of the Government policy has led to considerable agency investment in ICT-based service delivery. However government policy also requires managers to ensure that program and service delivery is efficient and effective. Efficient and effective use of ICT has the potential to improve service delivery and to make financial savings. This paper outlines how people are using the channels to contact the government in Australia. It also examines the level of satisfaction they have with those services and their preferences and expectations. In addition, this paper aims at identifying the methods used by Australian Government to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their delivery of services, and at assessing the adequacy of these methods.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.166-170
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• 2010

Gummy stem blight is a major foliar disease of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). In this study, morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were analyzed to identify the causal organism of this disease. Morphological examination of the Jeonbuk isolate revealed that the percentage of monoseptal conidia ranged from 0% to 10%, and the average length $\times$ width of the conidia was 70 ($\pm$ 0.96) $\times$ 32.0 ($\pm$ 0.15) ${\mu}m$ on potato dextrose agar. The BLAST analysis showed nucleotide gaps of 1/494, 2/492, and 1/478 with identities of 485/492 (98%), 492/494 (99%), 491/494 (99%), and 476/478 (99%). The similarity in sequence identity between the rDNA ITS region of the Jeonbuk isolate and other Didymella bryoniae from BLAST searches of GenBank was 100% and was 95.0% within the group. Nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS region from pure culture ranged from 98.2% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis with related species of D. bryoniae revealed that D. bryoniae is a monophyletic group distinguishable from other Didymella spp., including Ascochyta pinodes, Mycosphaerella pinodes, M. zeae-maydis, D. pinodes, D. applanata, D. exigua, D. rabiei, D. lentis, D. fabae, and D. vitalbina. Phylogenetic analysis, based on rDNA ITS sequence, clearly distinguished D. bryoniae and Didymella spp. from the 10 other species studied. This study identified the Jeonbuk isolate to be D. bryoniae.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.64-80
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• 2007

This article shows how the university can contribute to regional development through its public services. To that end, this article firstly tried to examine the functions and activities of the universities in civic engagement. Secondly the actual contents and various programs of the Chonnam National University located in Kwangju, South Korea are analyzed as a case study. It is seen that Chonnam National University is emphasizing the civic engagements in terms of continuing educations, openings of the facilities, and volunteers services or social works of the students. But the more active connections between university and its community are still needed for the enhanced responsibility of the faculty about public services and for the enduring civic engagements.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

In 21^st Century business world, services are carried out in multifaceted, competitive and rationality manner that are characterized by evolving many factors, which are often unpredictable. On-the-go banking is a product in financial sector. However, it faces serious pitfalls being it riskiness. Bank customers compete for time-saving options. On contrary, PCBs compete for marginalizing its operating costs for enhancing its revenues. On strategic tactics, PCBs targets city customers in multi-facets including offering incentives for enhanced usages of on-the-go banking. Influencing customer's intention, attitude and behavior in banking, PCBs also offers incentive under market system along with often informational asymmetry. However, it causes exploitation. In most cases customers don't read terms & conditions of services. They don't save contract-copy. These weaknesses cause abuses. Customer faces hidden charges, extra fees, account hacked. Addressing the issue, Voluntary Insurance Option is proposed where PCBs will introduce it as a product of bank-services. Transferring risk away from customer will benefit both PCBs and bank-customers. This product can attract new customers who were on the brink using digital banking but just felt it was too risky. This model can facilitate the parties involved for increasing usage of on-the-go banking-services while customers can maintain optimal utility of usages.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.95-108
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• 2023

The technological revolution, also referred to as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, it embraced by government should transform the way governments serve their citizens. The growth of broadband in Africa is leapfrogging its technological development. And thus, many African governments will soon be able to offer quality e-Government services to their citizens. These technologically driven governments will be able to provide decision-makers with timeous information to make judgments that could influence policies. Proponents of e-Government believe that in the digital age, governments can use this information to reduce corruption and increase, accountability, transparency, efficiency, and public participation. e-Government service quality should ensure customer satisfaction. Although many studies have examined the role of e-Government and the quality of its services, few studies have examined the quality of e-Government services in terms of both supply and demand. This paper examines and reviews the academic-state-of-the-art on the factors that affect the quality of e-Government services from both perspectives. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods for data gathering and analysis, a mixed methods research methodology was used.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 1993

The field of marketing research in the satellite communication services is still in the early stage of its development. Particularly, in Korean domestic satellite service market, many theoretical and methodological opportunities now exist. In this paper we develop a model, which identifies target markets and promising application services in Korean satellite communication service Market. One key contribution of this paper is a modeling approach to the assessment of market potential and priorities of the application services in each Korean industry. We define and estimate the degree of attractiveness for each segmented market which represents the market potential estimated by current usage of terrestrial services and each market segment's willingness to adopt satellite technology. Since all possible satellite application services are not equally important in the market, they should be differentiated in terms of the likelihood of success. We introduce another index prioritizing application services by tying together three important factors affecting Korean satellite service demand. Some marketing implications of model results are also discussed. Finally the findings of our model are compared with those of other similar studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.335-338
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• 2004

In this paper, we present a perspective of the next generation mobile communication services and its characteristics. As a preliminary research work on the next generation mobile communications and services, we exploit the next generation mobile services [1]. We define the next generation mobile services as strata of services consisting of three different service levels, the service areas, the service functionalities, and the service technologies. We derive these service levels by means of the scenario based analysis. Finally, we propose a conceptual network architecture that can support the next generation mobile services by placing network functions and service elements within the network.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.49
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• pp.409-434
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• 2011

SWIFT has designed Trade Services Utility(TSU) to meet the new paradigm of electronic trade. The Trade Services Utility is a matching and workflow application that sits on the SWIFT network. The TSU is designed to help banks offer advanced supply chain services to their corporate customers who are involved in open account trading. Nowadays, the Bank payment obligation(BPO) can optionally be included in a baseline by mutual consent. The BPO is an irrevocable and conditional obligation of an obligor bank(buyers bank) to pay a specified amount to seller's bank according to an established baseline of a single TSU transaction. Therefore, SWIFT enables its customers to automate and standardise financial transactions, thereby lowering costs, reducing operational risk and eliminating inefficiencies from their operations. Whereas, Banks can use the core functionality of the Trade Services Utility to offer competitive services that complement existing services. But SWIFT need to come up with the measures of activating the TSU BPO. So, this paper is to introduce TSU BPO and check the measures for the activation of the TSU BPO under the electronic trade environment.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-64
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• 2000

The purposes of the study were to identify the present status of the agricultural extension services in Korea and its surrounding environment, and to search the desirable ways of improvement under the serious restructuring period occurred by the nation-wide localization, globalization and development of information technology. Agricultural extension services have made great accomplishment in the education for rural people and agricultural technology diffusion, but agricultural extension service system no longer well fits in the changed environment. Agricultural extension services in Korea should restructure the system, function and methods in order to cope with the changing technology and rural society. The objectives of the extension services should be clear and simplified so that the extension workers can understand their role and duty more clearly. The local governments should encourage the extension workers to carry out their services diligently and with the pride. Also, the extension workers should change their mind to fit in the changing world and should improve their capability for their services.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2011

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the utilization of Oriental medical services and its determinants among the elderly. Method: Data from a Korean longitudinal study of aging was used. Regression analysis was used to find the determinants of the utilization of medical care. Results: People with low education and low income were more likely to use Oriental medical services. Determinants of using Oriental health service were sex, marriage, income, subjective health condition, activity restriction due to pain, and chronic disease. Among them, only subjective health condition and activity restriction due to pain were significant determinants of frequency of and expenditure on Oriental medical services. Especially, activity restriction due to pain was a significant factor in the use of Oriental medical services, but not in the use of Western medical services. Conclusion: Treatment related to pain was closely associated with Oriental medical services. These treatments need to be developed with scientific and clinical evidence.