• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.20-27
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the validity and the reliability of the visual simulation method using the internet. For this. the evaluation of the artificial and natural landscape through the medium of color slides are compared with the internet survey. Data is analysed through the comparison of t-test between the two media by landscape type, and spatial image is analysed by factor analysis algorithm. Principle component analysis using Varimax Method is applied for extraction and factor rotation respectively. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; There are no statistical differences between the two methods with artificial and natural landscape in the total data that included second tests. Factors covering the spatial image are found to be \`aesthetic\`, \`spatial shape\`, and \`familiarity\`. Total variance is obtained as 66.4%. There are no statistical differences between the two methods in 2/3 of the cases. In the case of far view of artificial landscape, the results of the t-test show that the two methods are exactly the same. Especially in the case of the artificial far landscape shows no difference of all factors between two methods. There are no differences between first and second tests of the same media and the same landscape type. And it shows the reliability of this method. These results suggest that the probability that the internet can be used as a medium of landscape evaluation and gathering information on anyone\`s landscape image. Simulation techniques with the internet survey method should be further developed for practical application.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

This study investigated the improvement of safety certification marking method and location marked on temporary equipments in order to guarantee the quality and safety of temporary equipments. The survey was performed for the stakeholder (manufacturers, lessors, and users) to find out the effective way that all stakeholder can agree each other. The main reason which users checked the safety certification making is that the mandatory safety certification marking can prevent the usage of poor and illegal temporary equipments. For the marking method, all stakeholder agreed that a depressed engraving method was an effective and usable displaying method. The opinions about the position of safety certification marking among the users, lessors, and manufacturers did not come into the agreement. The manufacturers preferred the marking position in which the engraving process is easy, but users wanted the conspicuous place such as vertical member. However, it is necessary to continuously study ways to adopt the position preferred by the users.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.70-79
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• 2004

We have examined the applicability of the triaxial drill-bit VSP method (TAD-VSP) to the geological survey of possible sites for a high-level radioactive waste disposal repository. The seismic energy generated by a drill bit is measured by a downhole multi-component detector, and the resulting signals are processed to image the geological structure deep underground. In order to apply the TAD-VSP method to civil-engineering-scale drilling, we have developed a small but highly sensitive and precise three-component downhole seismic measurement system, and recorded drill-bit signals at a granite quarry. We have successfully imaged discontinuities in the granite, possibly related to fractures, as highly reflective zones. The discontinuities imaged by the TAD-VSP method correlate well with the results of other borehole observations. In conclusion, the TAD-VSP method is usable in geological investigations for civil engineering because the equipment is compact and it is simple to acquire the drill-bit signal.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.701-711
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• 2023

In order to fully reflect variation characteristics of composite concrete dam health state, the monitoring data is applied to diagnose composite concrete dam health state. Composite concrete dam lesion development to wreckage is a precursor, and its health status can be judged. The monitoring data are generally non-linear and unsteady time series, which contain chaotic information that cannot be characterized. Thus, it could generate huge influence for the construction of monitoring models and the formulation of corresponding health diagnostic indicators. This multi-scale diagnosis process is from point to whole. Chaotic characteristics are often contained in the monitoring data. If chaotic characteristics could be extracted for reflecting concrete dam health state and the corresponding diagnostic indicators will be formulated, the theory and method of diagnosing concrete dam health state can be huge improved. Therefore, the chaotic characteristics of monitoring data are considered. And, the extracting method of the chaotic components is studied from monitoring data based on fuzzy dynamic cross-correlation factor method. Finally, a method is proposed for formulating composite concrete dam health state indicators. This method can effectively distinguish chaotic systems from deterministic systems and reflect the health state of concrete dam in service.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.2550-2572
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• 2023

Epidemiological survey is an important means for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Due to the particularity of the epidemic survey, 1) epidemiological survey in epidemic prevention and control has a wide range of people involved, a large number of data collected, strong requirements for information disclosure and high timeliness of data processing; 2) the epidemiological survey data need to be disclosed at different institutions and the use of data has different permission requirements. As a result, it easily causes personal privacy disclosure. Therefore, traditional access control technologies are unsuitable for the privacy protection of epidemiological survey data. In view of these situations, we propose a black box-assisted fine-grained hierarchical access control scheme for epidemiological survey data. Firstly, a black box-assisted multi-attribute authority management mechanism without a trusted center is established to avoid authority deception. Meanwhile, the establishment of a master key-free system not only reduces the storage load but also prevents the risk of master key disclosure. Secondly, a sensitivity classification method is proposed according to the confidentiality degree of the institution to which the data belong and the importance of the data properties to set fine-grained access permission. Thirdly, a hierarchical authorization algorithm combined with data sensitivity and hierarchical attribute-based encryption (ABE) technology is proposed to achieve hierarchical access control of epidemiological survey data. Efficiency analysis and experiments show that the scheme meets the security requirements of privacy protection and key management in epidemiological survey.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.39 no.4 s.179
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• pp.441-450
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• 2006

The on-land seismic survey in Korea was begun in mid-1960s. Kim et al.(1967) of Korea Geological Survey reported on the result of gravity and seismic reflection surveys conducted in the Pohang area for the period of 1963-64 to assess its possibility of oil entrapment. Hyun and Kim (1966) carried out a refraction survey on the tunnel wall. Since then, the KGS geophysicists had conducted seismic surveys on Kyungsang sedimentary basin as a main project for several years. In 1970s, on-land seismic surveys had been conducted for various purposes such as site investigation for the nuclear power plants and industrial complex, exploration for ground water, mineral resources and underground tunnel. The first reflection survey with CMP acquisition was attempted in 1978 by using a digital recording system. But most of on-land seismic surveys had employed the refraction method until 1980s. In 1990s, high resolution reflection and various borehole seismic surveys such as tomography, uphole, downhole, cross-hole methods have been attempted by universities and engineering companies. The applications of on-land seismic surveys have been enlarged for both academic and industrial purposes such as investigation of geologic structure of the fault and tidal flat area, construction of highway, railroad and dam, geothermal energy and mineral resource exploration, environmental assessment for waste disposal sites and archaeological investigations. In 2002, the first crustal seismic survey was carried out on the profile of 294km length across the whole peninsular. It is expected that the advanced technology and experience acquired through offshore seismic surveys, which have been conducted in continental shelf of Korea and foreign oil fields, will stimulate the more active on-land seismic explorations.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.225-235
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• 2021

Purpose: Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world, non-face-to-face services have emerged as the new normal. The functioning of children with developmental disabilities and cerebral palsy improves when parents, therapists, and institutions cooperate. We aimed to investigate the difficult environment of pediatric physical therapy caused by COVID-19, and grasp parents' perceptions of home exercise programs. We intend to design home exercise programs for pediatric treatment in the future and create a non-face-to-face pediatric rehabilitation service system based on our findings. Methods: The first survey was conducted on 30 parents who had children with cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities. It was produced after consultation with relevant experts and discussion with the research team, based on a survey conducted in a previous study. The second survey was produced by revising and supplementing the opinions of parents who completed the first survey and consulting experts. Thereafter, an online survey was conducted on 118 parents who had children with cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities. Results: 61.01 % of the parents reported that they were anxious or afraid for their children to be treated for infectious diseases. 83.90 % of the parents reported that the role of parents had increased. 50.00 % of the parents complained of a lack of skill. 85.59 % of the parents reported that they needed a home exercise program provided by the organization. As a non-face-to-face exercise management method, 35.59 % of the parents wanted a real-time video recording electronically mailed to them, and 34.75 % wanted real-time education using video conferencing programs such as zoom. Conclusion: The threat of COVID-19 has further emphasized the importance of social cooperation and management, leading organizations to enter a new era of non-face-to-face rehabilitation services. It is necessary to collect and systematize related studies to reflect more diverse opinions and improve the perceptions of therapists and parents.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 2022

Objectives: The definition of Sanhupung (Puerperal wind disorder) has been varied and there has been a prior study to establish the definition, but no clear conclusion has been reached on diagnostic criteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clearly redefine the definition of Sanhupung using the Delphi method. Methods: This study used the Delphi technique. A panel consisting of 13 experts of Korean medicine, particularly in Obstetrics & Gynecology, participated in the Delphi survey that included answering the 3rd round survey. The Delphi survey was conducted by evaluating and correcting the questionnaire using e-mail. Results: Through the Delphi survey, we have reached an agreement regarding the diagnostic criteria of Sanhupung. They are as follows: 1) Sanhupung can be diagnosed based on basic symptoms. If one or more symptoms are expressed in the basic symptom group, it can be diagnosed as Sanhupung. It is diagnosed in detail as a pain type or a sensory impairment type according to the category of basic symptoms. 2) Incidental symptoms are not essential for diagnosis, and are referred to for checking general weakness and autonomic nervous system conditions. 3) In order to meet the diagnostic criteria, the symptoms should occur within 6 months after childbirth or miscarriage, and the cause of the symptoms should not be classified as other diseases. Conclusions: The diagnostic criteria of Sanhupung were suggested based on the Delphi survey among experts in the field. Further research is necessary to improve the reliability and validity of the criteria.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-45
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to compare the health status of Korean and Chosun-Jok elementary children. To accurately achieve the purpose, a survey was conducted in Yanbian area in China and Kojae in Korea during the period of June 15 to July in 1995. This survey was performed by using two survey methods. The first was the parents' survey method. It asked structured questions about their children. The second method focused on the actual health of the children. It used the collection of children's physical records in school. Guided by the school teachers, each child distributed the questionnaires to their parents. We used stratified-cluster sampling method to determine subjects. 1,083 questionnaires of 1,749 were used to analyze the data (666 questionnaires were incomplete and were not used in the analysis). Each questionnaire matched the data of their physical record. : Body Weight, Body Height, Chest-Circumstance, Eyesight, Dental Health. Using the data, we compared the BMI(Body Mass Index) the Koreans and Chosun-Jok in China. The results of this study were as follows : Comparing the general average physique of contained body height, body weight and chest circumstance of Korean and Chosun-Jok, the general physique of Chosun-Jok is inferior to that of Korean regardless of age and sex. Meanwhile, the average physical constitution of Korean compared the Chosun-Jok (i.e. eyesight and dental hygiene), revealed that the physical constitution of Chosun-Jok is superior to that of Korean without concern of age and sex. Average BMI of Chosun-Jok is lower than that of Koreans. But, it seemed that most of the students in both groups maintain an adequate health level. In the case of children from 10 to 12 years old, females are superior to males through all data contained of the body weight, the chest circumstance, and the body height. It seems that females and males have a different maximum growth age. Most of the parents preferred a good physique as a good health condition for their children. The physique of each child was affected with some variables, including the number of family members, and the educational level of the parents. According to the above results, the students' physique in Korea is superior to that of Chosun-Jok in China. But, Koreans are inferior to Ethnic Koreans in China in the students' physical constitution. In conclusion, we consider Chosun-Jok in China to maintain an adequate health level in their physique and physical constitution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.392-399
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• 2005

Shear modulus (or rigidity) of dam material is an important parameter which can be directly associated with the deformation of dam. Seepage or leakage of water can cause the defects or cracks of dam body. The existence of cracks and rigidity of dam body are decisive information for the estimation of dam safety. Rigidity of material is mainly determined from S-wave velocity and the defects of dam body can be detected by seismic reflection survey. Therefore, seismic reflection survey will be a desirable method which can give a solution about dam safety problem. Among various physical properties of dam body, S-wave velocity is the most important information but it is not easy to get the information. In this study, diverse measuring techniques of S-wave reflection survey were attempted to get the information about S-wave velocity of dam body. Ultimately, S-wave velocity could be estimated by the analysis of SH reflection events which can be easily observed in shot gather data obtained from SH measuring technique. Meanwhile, P-wave reflection survey was also performed at the same profile. P-beam radiation technique which can reduce the surface waves and reinforce the P-wave reflection events was applied for giving a help to analyse P-wave velocity. In the end, P-and S-wave velocity, Vs/Vp, Poisson's ratio distribution of the vertical section under the profile could be acquired.