• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.242-250
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• 2004

In this thesis, a new broadband PIFA(Planar Inverted-F Antenna) for PCS and IMP-2000 applications is designed. The dual-L antenna structure is adopted in order to improve the characteristics of PIFA which usually has a narrow band. The height of the antenna is fixed 6 mm considering terminal's thickness and the structure is deformed into the folded radiation patches to minimize the size of the antenna. The bandwidth of a realized antenna is 1.66∼2.35 ㎓(34.5 %) fur return loss below -10 ㏈ which contain the required bandwidth of PCS and IMT-2000. And Monopole antenna with λ/4 length is designed and compared with dual-L with folded patch in SAR. 1 g and 10 g averaged peak SAR of PIFA are about 25.7 %, 30.3 % lower than those of monopole antenna respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.681-688
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• 2000

In this paper, a planar antenna that is small and light, is designed and analyzed aiming handset antenna of IMT-2000. Employing the Ensemble simulator based on a MoM, design-parameters are found to determine a resonant frequency. Therefore, it is analyzed with the Ensemble simulation and FDTD numerical for resonating at the allocated frequency for IMT-2000 in the fixed antenna dimension of 21$^{\circ}$wing angle that is a design parameter. Analyzing with FDTD method, Though the results of FDTD are very exact, this analysis introduces errors due to the staircasing approximation in the slope of bowtie. To reduce this error, it is divided to 4-ranges where the cell contains the boundary of perfect conductor/free space. Then, each range is calculated by different by different equation, which modify the H-field to add the component of the area and length of the cell filled with free space. Therefore, the modified FDTD algorithm provided with a narrow bandwidth of return loss calculated with a standard FDTD algorithm that can be extended to the desired ranges.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.265-268
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• 1998

This paper evaluates the VSN(Virtual switch Network) characteristics in the internal call processing of IMT-2000 switching system, which is composed of VSN instead of ATM switch network. In results, internal call establishment delay is increased approximately 5.4msec than the conventional ATM switching system. The evaluated condition is the load 0.8, and the 100km distance between VSNs. It is confirmed that the VSN has the potentiality in the practical implementation.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.267-297
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• 2008

This research purpose to investigate aspect of reading movement and readers' interest in the period of 2000's, This is succession research that is the Japanese Occupation Period, after release, the 1950s, the 1960s, the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s. Through such series, namly, reading phenomenon analyzing comparison, is to find present address of reading popularization movement and reading education. In main discourse, First, investigated reading movement, in the period of 2000's(1. the reading movement of library and public institution, 2. the reading movement of bookstore and medium, and several organization's, 3. student reading movement and school reading education). Second, readers' interest observed in the period of 2000's.(1. ordinary readers' interest, 2. student readers' interest). If we correct judgment about reading phenomenon from now. It will be foundation that unfold reading education more effectively.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.13
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• pp.151-192
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• 2000

This study has been focused on the revisions and characteristics of the 7 non-maritime trade terms(EXW, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAF, DDU and DDP) in Incoterms 2000. Main characteristics are as follows: First, the use of different expressions intended to convey the same meaning has been avoided and the same expressions as appear CISG have been used. Second, the content of preamble in each trade terms has been shortened and definitedly. Third, if the parties are going to use variants of trade terms in Incotrems 2000, the meanings should be made clear by adding explicit wording in the contract of sale. Main revisions of the 7 trade terms are as belows: First, Incoterms 2000 has emphasized that in EXW, the seller delivers when he places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller's premises or another named place(i.e. works, factory, warehouse, etc.) not cleared for export and not loaded on any collecting vehicle. Second, in FCA, delivery is completed; a) If delivery occurs at the seller's premises, the seller is responsible for loading. b) If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading. Third, in CPT and CIP, all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival at the agreed place of destination, unloading costs and all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their transit through any country are linked with the content under the contract of carriage. Fourth, Incoterms 2000 has emphasized that in DAF, the seller delivers when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport not unloaded, cleared for export, but not cleared for import at the named point and place at the frontier, but before the customs border of the adjoining country. Fifth, Incoterms 2000 has emphasized that in DDU, the seller delivers the goods to the buyer, not cleared for import(in DDP, cleared for import), and not unloaded from any arriving means of transport at the named place of destination. Sixth, if the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, FCA, CPT and CIP instead of FOB, CFR and CIF should be used.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1060-1067
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• 2004

In a CDMA system, the rapacity is variable and mainly depends on multiple access interference. The multiple access interference has a deep relationship with transmitted or received power. The capacity of CDMA2000 1x system is considered to be limited by the forward link capacity. In this paper, we show that the transmitted power can represent the total cell load and we propose a load control scheme for CDMA2000 1x system. CDMA2000 1x system has fast power control scheme and we can measure forward link cell load by using total transmitted power. In the proposed algorithm, by monitoring the total transmit power, we can simply adjust data rate to channel conditions and efficiently use radio resources. The proposed algorithm is practical algorithm to implement in the power controlled CDMA systems and enhances the system throughput and quality of service(QoS)

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.5C
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• pp.496-512
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a novel JPEG-2000 compressed image retrieval system using feature vector extracted through partial entropy decoding. Main idea of the proposed method is to utilize the context information that is generated during entropy encoding/decoding. In the framework of JPEG-2000, the context of a current coefficient is determined depending on the pattern of the significance and/or the sign of its neighbors in three bit-plane coding passes and four coding modes. The contexts provide a model for estimating the probability of each symbol to be coded. And they can efficiently describe texture images which have different pattern because they represent the local property of images. In addition, our system can directly search the images in the JPEG-2000 compressed domain without full decompression. Therefore, our proposed scheme can accelerate the work of retrieving images. We create various distortion and similarity image databases using MIT VisTex texture images for simulation. we evaluate the proposed algorithm comparing with the previous ones. Through simulations, we demonstrate that our method achieves good performance in terms of the retrieval accuracy as well as the computational complexity.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2000

In this paper, we describe RF receiver module for IMT-2000 handset with 5 MHz channel bandwidth. The fabricated RF receiver module consists of Low Noise Amplifier, RF SAW filter, Down-converter, If SAW filter, AGC and PLL Synthesizer. The NF and IIP3 of LNA is 0.8 dB, 3 dBm at 2.14 GHz, conversion gain of down-converter is 10 dB, dynamic range of AGC is 80 dB, and phase noise of PLL is -100 dBc at 100 kHz. The receiver sensitivity is -110 dBm, adjacent channel selectivity is 48 dBm.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2267-2270
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• 2003

This paper has been studied to implement MQ encoder in JPEG2000 on FPGA. In the JPEG2000 architecture, Each of coding passes collects contextual information about the bit-plane data. An MQ coder uses contextual information and its internal state to decode a compressed bit-stream. This paper draws up JPEG2000 Standard Part 1: FCD 15444-1 It is simulated with Modelsim and tested with JBIG2 data.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.81-92
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• 2002

cdma2000 1xEV(Evolution)-DO(Data Only)는 기존의 IS-2000 무선 프로토콜과 달리 패킷 데이터 서비스를 위한 전용 프로토콜로, 최대 2.4Mbps의 전송 속도를 제공한다. cdma2000 1xEV-DO는 이전의 프로토콜과 단리 무선 인터페이스 계층 구조에 따로 분리된 시큐리티 계층(security layer)을 가지며, 이 시큐리티 계층에서 패킷 데이터 서비스를 위한 인증과 암호화 서비스를 제공한다. 본 고에서는 패깃 데이터 서비스를 위한 전용 프로토콜인 chma2000 1xEV-DO의 시큐리티 계층의 4가지 프로토콜인 키 교환 프로토콜, 인증 프로토콜, 암호화 프로토롤, 시큐리티 프로토콜을 분석한다.