• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.77-87
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• 2007

It will need a quite long time to replace IPv4 protocol, which currently used, with IPv6 protocol completely, thus we will use both IPv4 and IPv6 together in the Internet during the period. For coexisting protocols, IETF standardized various IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms. However, new security problems of IPsec adaptation and IPv6 packet filtering can be raised by tunneling mechanism which mainly used in transition mechanisms. To resolve these problems, we suggested two improved schemes for packet filtering functions, which consists of an inner header filtering scheme and a dedicated filtering scheme for IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms. Also we implemented our proposed schemes based on Linux Netfilter framework, and we tested their filtering functions and evaluated experimental performance of our implementation on IPv4/IPv6 transition testbed. These evaluation tests indicated that our improved packet filtering functions can solve packet filtering problems of IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms without severely affecting system performance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1212-1228
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• 2016

Secure communication is an important aspect of today's interconnected environments and it can be achieved by the use of cryptographic algorithms and protocols. However, many existing cryptographic mechanisms are tightly integrated into communication protocols. Issues emerge when security vulnerabilities are discovered in cryptographic mechanisms because their replacement would eventually require replacing deployed protocols. The concept of cryptographic agility is the solution to these issues because it allows dynamic switching of cryptographic algorithms and keys prior to and during the communication. Most of today's secure protocols implement cryptographic agility (IPsec, SSL/TLS, SSH), but cryptographic agility mechanisms cannot be used in a standalone manner. In order to deal with the aforementioned limitations, we propose a lightweight cryptographically agile agreement model, which is formally verified. We also present a solution in the Agile Cryptographic Agreement Protocol (ACAP) that can be adapted on various network layers, architectures and devices. The proposed solution is able to provide existing and new communication protocols with secure communication prerequisites in a straightforward way without adding substantial communication overhead. Furthermore, it can be used between previously unknown parties in an opportunistic environment. The proposed model is formally verified, followed by a comprehensive discussion about security considerations. A prototype implementation of the proposed model is demonstrated and evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.454-458
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• 2002

인터넷 환경에서 DoS 공격을 이용한 해킹이나 주요 네트워크 기반 시설에 대한 파괴가 증가하고 있으며 이에 대한 공격범위가 점점 넓어지고 있다. 그 중 IETF IPsec WG에서 제안된 인터넷 키 교환 프로토콜(IKE)은 전자서명이나 DH 키 교환과 같은 공개키 기반의 연산을 수행하므로 쉽게 이러한 DoS 공격의 목표가 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 메모리나 CPU의 자원을 고갈시키는 DoS 공격을 방어할 수 있는 타원곡선 기반의 인터넷 키 교환 프로토콜을 제안하고, 이를 현재 IKE의 후보들과 비교 분석하였다. 또한, 제안된 타원곡선 기반의 인터넷 키 교환 프로토콜은 IKE 응답자의 부하를 기존의 IKE들 보다 감소시켰다. 이는 사용자가 많은 웹 서버나 메모리 혹은 연산능력의 제한을 가진 무선 장치에 효율적으로 이용될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.229-231
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• 2001

IPSec is a security protocol suite that provides encryption and authentication services for IP messages at the network layer of the Internet. Key recovery has been the subject of a lot of discussion, of much controversy and of extensive research. Key recovery, however, might be needed at a corporate level, as a from of key management. The basic observation of the present paper is that cryptographic solutions that have been proposed so far completely ignore the communication context. Static systems are put forward fur key recovery at network layer and solutions that require connections with a server are proposed at application layer. We propose example to provide key recovery capability by adding key recovery information to an IP datagram. It is possible to take advantage of the communication environment in order to design key recovery protocols that are better suited and more efficient.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.727-733
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• 2008

An authentication between a user's terminal and a Access Control Router (ACR) is preceded so that a user receives secure WiBro services. Otherwise they can be exposed from many attack risks. So the Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) constituted a mechanism of the mutual authentication for WiBro service. In mechanism a user executes the mutual authentication between a Portable Equipment (PE) and the ACR by using Portable Internet Subscriber Identity Module (PISIM). But this standard needs many message to authenticate the ACR and the users cann't use wireless Internet service. Therefore in this paper we propose the key agreement protocol between the PSS and the ACR to authenticate the PSS to ACR. At this time Power Support Device (PSD) fer supporting the calculated quantity of the PSS is participated in the key agreement protocol. The ACR sends a generated key to Key Authentication Server (KAS) via secure IPsec tunnel and then it preserves the identity of the PSS and the value of key after it enciphered them. In conclusion we analyze the security and efficiency of the proposed protocol.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2003

User authentication, including confidentiality, integrity over untrusted networks, is an important part of security for systems that allow remote access. Using human-memorable Password for remote user authentication is not easy due to the low entropy of the password, which constrained by the memory of the user. This paper presents a new password authentication and key agreement protocol suitable for authenticating users and exchanging keys over an insecure channel. The new protocol resists the dictionary attack and offers perfect forward secrecy, which means that revealing the password to an attacher does not help him obtain the session keys of past sessions against future compromises. Additionally user passwords are stored in a form that is not plaintext-equivalent to the password itself, so an attacker who captures the password database cannot use it directly to compromise security and gain immediate access to the server. It does not have to resort to a PKI or trusted third party such as a key server or arbitrator So no keys and certificates stored on the users computer. Further desirable properties are to minimize setup time by keeping the number of flows and the computation time. This is very useful in application which secure password authentication is required such as home banking through web, SSL, SET, IPSEC, telnet, ftp, and user mobile situation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.2205-2208
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• 2003

대부분의 인터넷 서비스는 일대일 전송방식의 best-effort를 지향하는 유니캐스트(Unicast)가 보편화 되어있다. 하지만, 다자간 통신 서비스는 고려하지 않아 망 자원 이용측면에서 매우 비효율적이다. 최근, 인터넷방송이나 소프트웨어 분배, 원격 화상회의, 다중사용자 게임, 증권시세 정보서비스 등 다자간 멀티미디어 서비스가 주요 인터넷 사업으로 각광을 밭으면서, 멀티캐스트(Multicast) 전송기술의 사용범위가 점차 증가되고 있다. 멀티캐스트는 그룹참가자의 가입과 탈퇴가 빈번한 특징이 있어 키 전달 과정에서 네트워크의 과부하를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 빈번하게 생성되는 그룹 키의 길이를 축소시켜 메시지의 생성과정을 단축하고, 독립된 그룹간 통신에 사용되는 유니캐스트에 IPSec(Internet Protocol Security Protocol)을 적용시켜 보다 안전하게 구간의 접근제어와 무결성 및 기밀성을 보장하는 SDKD(Secure Dynamic Key Distribution)를 제안한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.4739-4758
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• 2015

The IPv4 addressing scheme, which was proposed by IETF in 1981, provides 4.3 billion unique 32-bit IP addresses but has been fully exhausted in Feb, 2011. This exhaustion of unique IP addresses poses significant challenges to the addition of new devices to the Internet as well as offering new services. Internet of Things, which provides interconnected uniquely identifiable devices in the existing Internet infrastructure, will be greatly affected by the lack of unique IP addresses. In order to connect to the existing Internet infrastructure, every new device needs a uniquely identified IP address for communication. It has been estimated that by the year 2020 more than 30 billion devices would be connected to the Internet. In order to meet the challenge of such vast requirement of unique IP addresses, the devices in IoT will have to adopt IPv6, which is the latest version of Internet Protocol. IPv6 uses 128-bit IP addresses and offers 2¹²⁸ unique IP addresses. Therefore, it expands IPv4 and provides new features of end to end connections as well as new services. In this paper, the various challenges with respect to providing connectivity, security, mobility, etc., have been discussed and how IPv6 helps in meeting those challenges.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.638-643
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• 2004

Middleware enables different networking devices and protocols to inter-operate in ubiquitous home network environments. The UPnP(Universal Plug and Play) middleware, which runs on a PC and is based on the IPv4 protocol, has attracted much interest in the field of home network research since it has versatility The UPnP, however, cannot be easily accessed via the public Internet since the UPnP devices that provide services and the Control Points that control the devices are configured with non-routable local private or Auto IP networks. The critical question is how to access UPnP network via the public Internet. The purpose of this paper is to deal with the non-routability problem in local private and Auto IP networks by improving the conventional Control Point used in UPnP middleware-based home networks. For this purpose, this paper proposes an improved Control Point for accessing and controlling the home network from remote sites via the public Internet, by adding a web server to the conventional Control Point. The improved Control Point is implemented in an embedded GNU/Linux system running on an ARM9 platform. Also this paper implements the security of the home network system based on the UPnP (Universal Plug and Play), adding VPN (Virtual Private Network) router that uses the IPsec to the home network system which is consisted of the ARM9 and the Embedded Linux.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.5
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• pp.683-688
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• 2004

NAT is a very useful IP address translation technique that allows two connected networks using different and incompatible IP address schemes. But it is impractical to use NAT for an application which uses the encrypted IP packet, embedding IP addresses inside of data payloads, to guarantee End-to-End Security such as IPSec. In addition to rewriting the source/destination IP addresses in the packet, NAT must modify IP checksum every time, which could lead to considerable performance decrease of the overall system in the process of the address translation. RSIP is an alternative to solve these disadvantages of NAT and the address shortage problems. Both NAT and RSIP divide networks into inside and outside addressing realms. NAT translates addresses between internal network and external network, but RSIP uses a borrowed external address for outside communications. RSIP server assigns a routable public address to a RSIP client temporarily to communicate with public net-work outside of the private network. In this paper, RSIP gateway for intranet environment is designed and its performance is evaluated. From the results of performance evaluation, we knew that RSIP is operated less sensitive to the data traffic. Also, the experiment shows that RSIP performs better than NAT when the transmission data grows larger.