• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.220-231
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• 2021

The use of digital copies of film-based analog images and the introduction of digital radiographic imaging systems using image plates gradually replace the non-destructive radiationirradiation method of Cultural Heritage. The quality of images obtained from this technique is affected by conditions such as tube voltage, tube current, and exposure time, type of image acquisition medium, distance of the artifacts from the image acquisition medium, and thickness of artifacts. In this study, we evaluated the grayscale image obtained using GE's Computed Radiograhpy (CR) imaging system, the transmission characteristics of the X-ray source for each tree type (pine, chestnut, sawtooth oak, ginkgo) used in wooden Cultural Heritage, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast. The GE's CR imaging were analyzed using the Duplex wire image quality indicator, line-pair gauges.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.77-87
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• 2007

It will need a quite long time to replace IPv4 protocol, which currently used, with IPv6 protocol completely, thus we will use both IPv4 and IPv6 together in the Internet during the period. For coexisting protocols, IETF standardized various IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms. However, new security problems of IPsec adaptation and IPv6 packet filtering can be raised by tunneling mechanism which mainly used in transition mechanisms. To resolve these problems, we suggested two improved schemes for packet filtering functions, which consists of an inner header filtering scheme and a dedicated filtering scheme for IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms. Also we implemented our proposed schemes based on Linux Netfilter framework, and we tested their filtering functions and evaluated experimental performance of our implementation on IPv4/IPv6 transition testbed. These evaluation tests indicated that our improved packet filtering functions can solve packet filtering problems of IPv4/IPv6 transition mechanisms without severely affecting system performance.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to establish a selection process for high quality sperm in bovine semen using sperm separation by magnetic activation (MACS). For this, semen from 21 Nellore bulls was collected using an artificial vagina. To guarantee the presence of pathologies in the ejaculate, animals previously declassified in four consecutive spermiogram were used. Semen was analyzed in five statuses: (1) fresh semen (fresh); (2) density gradient centrifugation (DGC), percoll column; (3) non-apoptotic fraction after separation by MACS (MAC); (4) apoptotic fraction from the separation (MACPOOR); and (5) MAC followed by DGC (MACDGC). Using a computerized analysis system (CASA), motility was measured. The sperm morphology was evaluated by phase contrast, and the supravital test was completed with eosin/nigrosin staining. For DGC, 20 × 10⁶ cells were used in a gradient of 90% and 45% percoll. MACS used 10 × 10⁶ cells with 20 μL of nanoparticles attached to annexin V, and filtered through the MiniMACS magnetic separation column. Membrane integrity was assessed with SYBR-14/IP and mitochondrial potential with JC-1 by flow cytometry. Processing sperm by MACDGC, was more effective in obtaining samples with high quality sperm, verified by the total of abnormalities in the samples: 35.04 ± 2.29%, 21.50 ± 1.47%, 17.30 ± 1.10%, 30.68 ± 1.94% and 10.50 ± 1.46%, respectively for fresh, DGC, MAC, MACPOOR, and MACDGC. The subpopulation of non-apoptotic sperm had a high number of live cells (82.65%), membrane integrity (56.60%) and mitochondrial potential (83.98%) (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that this nanotechnological method, that uses nanoparticles, is efficient in the production of high-quality semen samples for assisted reproduction procedures in cattle.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2021

Pressure sores are an unresolved human challenge. In this study, a keyboard-type medical bed was developed and a body pressure sensor was installed to provide a method to control the keyboard so that the pressure sores do not reach the critical pressure. For this, a keyboard-type mattress using a 4bar link is developed, and a method of controlling the height adjustment of the keyboard within the critical pressure through a body pressure sensor is used. There is a feeling of discomfort in the body when the keyboard is raised and lowered from pressure sores, which is an important factor: pressure x time, and only time control is performed, but if the proposed method is used, pressure is controlled within the critical pressure, thereby preventing bedsores in a comfortable state. The effectiveness and validity of the developed medical bed system were verified through theories and experiments.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.3991-4010
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• 2021

The Question Similarity Measurement of Chinese Crop Diseases and Insect Pests (QSM-CCD&IP) aims to judge the user's tendency to ask questions regarding input problems. The measurement is the basis of the Agricultural Knowledge Question and Answering (Q & A) system, information retrieval, and other tasks. However, the corpus and measurement methods available in this field have some deficiencies. In addition, error propagation may occur when the word boundary features and local context information are ignored when the general method embeds sentences. Hence, these factors make the task challenging. To solve the above problems and tackle the Question Similarity Measurement task in this work, a corpus on Chinese crop diseases and insect pests(CCDIP), which contains 13 categories, was established. Then, taking the CCDIP as the research object, this study proposes a Chinese agricultural text similarity matching model, namely, the AgrCQS. This model is based on mixed information extraction. Specifically, the hybrid embedding layer can enrich character information and improve the recognition ability of the model on the word boundary. The multi-scale local information can be extracted by multi-core convolutional neural network based on multi-weight (MM-CNN). The self-attention mechanism can enhance the fusion ability of the model on global information. In this research, the performance of the AgrCQS on the CCDIP is verified, and three benchmark datasets, namely, AFQMC, LCQMC, and BQ, are used. The accuracy rates are 93.92%, 74.42%, 86.35%, and 83.05%, respectively, which are higher than that of baseline systems without using any external knowledge. Additionally, the proposed method module can be extracted separately and applied to other models, thus providing reference for related research.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.706-713
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• 2023

Background and objective: The ability to inhibit aggregation has been demonstrated with synthetically derived ginsenoside compounds G-Rp (1, 3, and 4) and ginsenosides naturally found in Panax ginseng 20(S)-Rg3, Rg6, F4, and Ro. Among these compounds, Rk3 (G-Rk3) from Panax ginseng needs to be further explored in order to reveal the mechanisms of action during inhibition. Methodology: Our study focused to investigate the action of G-Rk3 on agonist-stimulated human platelet aggregation, inhibition of platelet signaling molecules such as fibrinogen binding with integrin α_IIbβ₃ using flow cytometry, intracellular calcium mobilization, dense granule secretion, and thromboxane B₂ secretion. In addition, we checked the regulation of phosphorylation on PI3K/MAPK pathway, and thrombin-induced clot retraction was also observed in platelets rich plasma. Key Results: G-Rk3 significantly increased amounts of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and led to significant phosphorylation of cAMP-dependent kinase substrates vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP₃R). In the presence of G-Rk3, dense tubular system Ca²⁺ was inhibited, and platelet activity was lowered by inactivating the integrin αIIb/β₃ and reducing the binding of fibrinogen. Furthermore, the effect of G-Rk3 extended to the inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/Akt phosphorylation resulting in the reduced secretion of intracellular granules and reduced production of TXA₂. Lastly, G-Rk3 inhibited platelet aggregation and thrombus formation via fibrin clot. Conclusions and implications: These results suggest that when dealing with cardiovascular diseases brought upon by faulty aggregation among platelets or through the formation of a thrombus, the G-Rk3 compound can play a role as an effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.48-59
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• 2009

Next generation mobile communication system will have various access networks and provide seamless multimedia data service to mobile nodes. The WiNGS system, one of these access network, has superior RAT(Radio Access Technology) and network connectivity other than previous ones. In this paper, we propose link-layer SR-ARQ between mobile node and WAGW to solve packet re-ordering problem during handover. In the proposed scheme, we apply the adaptive timer at the SR-ARQ sender to reduce unnecessary packet retransmission during handoff and delayed NAK algorithm at the SR-ARQ receiver for delaying NAK response due to temporary out-of-sequenced frames. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme by implementing the new SR-ARQ protocol at the link-layer using ns-2 simulator, and show the handover performance is improved greatly by preventing unnecessary retransmission.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.81-112
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• 2016

About 60 percent of cosmetic products sold in the dominant Taobao internet shopping mall proved recently to be counterfeit products made in China. This paper is to investigate the anti-counterfeiting strategies to clean up fake goods for Korean cosmetics which have been exported to China. Using the scienter rule the paper classified the forgery action for Korean cosmetics into four broad groups - counterfeit, piracy, illegally distributed product, and brand prior register. This paper suggested interior company's anti-counterfeiting strategies for each group, focusing on the construction for an integrated anti-counterfeiting system including consumer's rationality through the government cooperation between Korea and China.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

This paper proposes a programmable PLL (phase locked loop) based clock generator supporting a wide-range-frequency input and output for high performance and low power SoC with multiple clock frequencies domains. The propose system reduces the locking time and obtains a wide range operation frequency by using a dual-charge pumps scheme. For low power operation of a chip, the locking processing circuits of the proposed PLL doesn't be working in the standby mode but the locking data are retained by the DAC. Also, a tracking ADC is designed for the fast relocking operation after stand-by mode exit. The programmable output frequency selection's circuit are designed for supporting a optimized DFS operation according to job tasks. The proposed PLL-based clock system has a relock time range of $0.85{\mu}sec{\sim}1.3{\mu}sec$($24\~26$cycle) with 2.3V power supply, which is fabricated on $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS Process. At power-down mode, PLL power saves more than $95\%$ of locking mode. Also, the PLL using programmable divider has a wide locking range ($81MHz\~556MHz$) for various clock domains on a multiple IPs system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.22-30
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• 2009

Due to high levels of integration and complexity, the Network-on-Chip (NoC) approach has emerged as a new design paradigm to overcome on-chip communication issues and data bandwidth limits in conventional SoC(System-on-Chip) design. In particular, exponentially growing of energy consumption caused by high frequency, synchronization and distributing a single global clock signal throughout the chip have become major design bottlenecks. To deal with these issues, a globally asynchronous, locally synchronous (GALS) design combined with low power techniques is considered. Such a design style fits nicely with the concept of voltage-frequency-islands (VFI) which has been recently introduced for achieving fine-grain system-level power management. In this paper, we propose an efficient design methodology that minimizes energy consumption by VFI partitioning on an NoC architecture as well as assigning supply and threshold voltage levels to each VFI. The proposed algorithm which find VFI and appropriate core (or processing element) supply voltage consists of traffic-aware core graph partitioning, communication contention delay-aware tile mapping, power variation-aware core dynamic voltage scaling (DVS), power efficient VFI merging and voltage update on the VFIs Simulation results show that average 10.3% improvement in energy consumption compared to other existing works.