• ALGAE
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2007

Studies have been made of the species composition and community structure of benthic marine algae at intertidal zone and subtidal zone of Youngdo at Busan. In this area, a total of 69 marine algal species including 10 Chlorophyta, 17 Phaeophyta and 42 Rhodophyta was identified. Dominant species in coverage were Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Gelidium divaricatum, Hildenbrandtia rubra and Chondrus ocellatus throughout the year. Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Porphyra yezoensis, Gelidium divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Grateloupia elliptica and Chondrus ocellatus vertically distributed in intertidal zone, while Ecklonia stolonifera, Gelidium amansii, Prionitis cornea, Gracilaria textorii, Acrosorium polyneurum and Phycodrys fimbriata in subtidal zone. The vertical distribution of subtidal zone were characterized by Ecklonia stolonifera at 1 to 5 m depths. During a year, biomass and length of Ecklonia stolonifera gradually decreased from March to January, but increased from February. Zoosporangial sori were observed from September to December. In conclusion, number of species in this area was remarkably reduced as compared to the previous data at Busan and it’s vicinity.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2008

The seasonal variation and vertical distribution of the marine algal community were investigated using the quadrat method from February 2006 to January 2007 at 10 sites in Gwangyang Bay, Korea. In total, 48 red, 17 brown, and 13 green algal taxa were identified. The algal vertical distribution in the intertidal zone was characterized by Ulva pertusa, while the upper tidal zone was dominated by Gelidium divaricatum. The middle zone was primarily composed of Enteromorpha linza, Sargassum thunbergii, and Chondracanthus intermedia, whereas Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, and Corallina pilulifera characterized the low tidal zone. Results of cluster analysis indicated that algal composition fell into two groups, which were composed of species in the inland and open sea. In conclusion, the number of species, diversity, and abundance of vegetation in this area were remarkably reduced compared to previous studies in Gwangyang Bay.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2001

곰소만 중앙부의 하부 조간대(lower tidal flat)에는 길이 1300m, 폭 400m규모의 조간대 모래톱(intertidal sand shoal)이 남북 방향으로 발달한다. 이 모래톱을 경계로 3개 구역으로 구분하고, 각 구역에서 표층 퇴적구조, 입도 분포, 퇴적물 이동량(집적율), 그리고 천부 퇴적상을 분석하여, 각 구역의 에너지 영역을 비교하였다. 그 결과 각 구역의 퇴적 특징은 다음과 같다: A 구역(offshorewards zone) -세립사(평균입도 3${\varphi}$), 혀모양 연흔, 월 평균 70mm의 집적율과 미발달생물교란구조, B 구역(sand shoal) -중립사(평균입도 2.5${\varphi}$), 사구(4${\sim}$5m의 파장),월 평균 30mm의 집적율과 미발달 생물교란구조, C 구역(onshorewards zone) - 조립질 실트(평균입도 5${\varphi}$), 굴곡형 연흔, 월 평균 10mm의 집적율과 잘 발달된 생물교란구조. 이러한 결과로부터 하부 조간대에 분포하고 있는 모래톱은 외해에서부터 유입되는 파랑의 에너지를 분산시키거나 또는 막아주는 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 추측된다. 즉 곰소만 조간대에 사주섬이 없음에도 불구하고, 저 에너지상태로 유지되고 있는 것은 만의 안쪽 지역에 위치하는 모래들이 방파제의 역할을 하고 있기 때문으로 사료된다.

• ALGAE
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2012

Water motion is one of the main drivers in morphological variability in species within de order Laminariales, and most of our current knowledge is based on subtidal populations. $Eisenia$ $arborea$ is a dominant kelp species in the North Pacific, widely distributed along the Baja California Peninsula from mid intertidal down to subtidal areas. This species presents great variability in the intertidal zone but it has not been yet evaluated such variability according to wave exposure. The present work also identifies the spatial / temporal variation, particularly respect to the presence of stipes without medulla (hollow stipes) a feature common among other brown seaweeds. We evaluated the effects of wave action in morphological variation of intertidal $Eisenia$ $arborea$ (Laminariales, Ochrophyta) at Punta Eugenia. The spatial and temporal variation sampling was surveyed between February, May, July, and August 2004 in the intertidal of Punta Eugenia, Baja California Sur. Our results have shown that exposed sites correlate with increased length and width of stipes as compared to more protected sites. Hollow stipes frequency changed more in association with temporal variation than with spatial heterogeneity suggesting nutrient limitation for thalli development. Our results suggest that $Eisenia$ $arborea$ compensate by morphological modifications the stress of living in the intertidal zone by showing larger stipes. Hollow stipes might be are also a mechanical adaptation to increase survival in high energy environments.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.11-11
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• 2016

Penicillium species are commonly isolated from various outdoor and indoor environments, including marine environments such as sponges, algae and sand. Penicillium is especially important because numerous bioactive compounds have been isolated. Penicillium was the most common species in intertidal zone in Korea, however the diversity and ecological roles of Penicillium in intertidal zone are not clarified. We explored diversity and ecological roles of marine-derived Penicillium from tidal flat and sea sand in Korea. The diversity of marine-derived Penicillium from Korea was investigated using both culture-dependent and culture-independent approach by ${\beta}$-tubulin sequence. In addition, we evaluated optimal temperature, halo-tolerance, and enzyme activity of Penicillium strains, such as extracellular alginase, endoglucanase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, and protease. For culture-dependent approach, a total of 182 strains of 62 Penicillium species were isolated, with 53 species being identified. The most common species was Penicillium oxalicum, followed by P. crustosum, P. brasilianum, P. koreense, and P. griseofulvum. Species richness and composition were not significantly different by season, substrates, and seaside. For culture-independent approach using Illumina sequencing, 73 OTUSs were detected. The most frequently observed species was P. antarcticum, followed by P. koreense, P. crustosum, and P. brevicompactum. Diversity of Penicillium was higher during winter season than during summer season and in western sea than in southern sea, respectively. Community structure was significantly different by season and sea side. 52 species were detected by both methods. Unique species were isolated from each of methods - 10 from culture methods and 21 from Illumina sequencing. Furthermore, salinity adaption of the Penicillium varied depending on species. Many Penicillium species showed endoglucanase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, and protease activity. Some species including P. paneum and P. javanicum degraded the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, our results demonstrate that intertidal zone in Korea harbors diverse Penicillium community and marine-derived Penicillium play important ecological roles as decomposers of organic material in marine environments.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.420-425
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• 2003

부산 서암 조간대 부착생물군집의 종조성, 군집구조, 종다양성을 조사하였다. 부착해산식물의 출현종수는 남조류 4종, 녹조류 6종, 갈조류 17종, 홍조류 47종, 해산종자식물 l종으로 총 75종이 관찰되었다. 부착해산식물 우점종은 melobesioidean algae, Chondracanthus tenellus, Sargassium thunbergii, Corallina spp., Phyllospadix japonica 5 종이었고, 여름에 Ulva pertusa가 추가되는 경향을 보였다. 저서동물은 Chthamalus challengeri and Mytilus edulis 가 조간대 상부와 중부에 우점하는 단순한 분포를 보였다. 한편 해조군집의 종다양성지수는 빈도, 피도, 빈도와 피도 합 그리고 중요도를 기준으로 계산한 결과, 각각 1.81, 2.25, 2.19, 1.80로 나타났다. 이는 종다양성지수의 계산을 위한 기준자료에 따라 값이 달라짐을 의미하는 것으로, 차후 종다양서지수를 논할 때 기본자료 선택의 중요성과 방법론의 표준화가 필요함을 지적한 것이다. 한편 본 연구에서 분류된 해조류 종수는 부산연안에서 기 조사된 결과와 비교할 때 최고 65%까지 감소한 것으로 나타났다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2008

A taxonomic study on the marine sponges was conducted with materials collected from intertidal zone of Sourthern California (USA) during 2005-2006. They were identified into 13 species belonging to 12 genera, nine families, and seven orders in one class. Among them, common species in Korea and California coastal areas are; Cliona celata, Lissodendoryx firma, Halichondria panicea, Hymeniacidon sinapium.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.335-342
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• 2008

Seasonal and vertical variations of seaweed biomass were examined at Woejodo and Jusamdo of western sea, Korea from July 2006 to April 2007. Annual seaweed biomass was 198.27 g m$^{-2}$ in wet weight at Woejodo and 417.34 g m$^{-2}$ at Jusamdo, respectively and biomass of intertidal zone was greater than that of subtidal zone at Jusamdo sites. Seaweeds distributed vertically from mid intertidal to 5 m of subtidal zone at Woejodo and from high intertidal to 10m of subtidal zone at Jusamdo. Seaweed biomass and species number were maximal at lower intertidal zone (27 species, 365.43 g m$^{-2}$) of Woejodo and at mid intertidal zone (26 species, 684.18 g m$^{-2}$) of Jusamdo. Seasonal biomass varied from 136.73g m$^{-2}$ in autumn to 249.33 g m$^{-2}$ in winter at Woejodo and from 353.37 g m$^{-2}$ in autumn to 482.07 g m$^{-2}$ in summer at Jusamdo. Dominant species was Sargassum thunbergii showing highest annual biomass (Woejodo, 94.68 g m$^{-2}$ Jusamdo, 228.59 g m$^{-2}$) among all seaweeds and finding at various shore levels during the study period. Subdominant species were Corallina pilulifera and Gracilaria textorii at Woejodo, and were Sargassum fusiformis and Chondria crassicaulis at Jusamdo. Thus, we can conclude that Jusamdo shore is better place than Woejodo based on seaweed biomass and vertical distribution, and S. thunbergii is the representative species of the two islands.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2019

서해안 대조차 개방형 연안에서 2010년 태풍 곤파스 전후에 나타난 지형, 표층 퇴적물, 퇴적상 변화에 대해 연구하였다. 소형의 강한 태풍인 곤파스는 2010년 9월 1일과 2일 사이에 한반도 남서부 해안에 상륙하여 내륙을 관통했다. 태풍 전후에 고창 동호리 조간대의 측선을 따라 30 m 간격으로 22개 지점에서 지형을 측량하고 표층 퇴적물을 채취하였다. 연구 지역을 평균고조면, 평균해수면, 평균저조면을 기준으로 고조대, 중조대, 저조대로 구분하였다. 태풍 전후의 지형 변화는 고조대에서 평균 0.03 m 퇴적, 중조대에서 평균 -0.15 m 침식, 저조대에서 평균 -0.39 m 침식으로 나타났다. 조간대의 태풍 전후 표층 퇴적물은 주로 세립사와 중립사로 구성되며, 세립사의 비율이 가장 높게 나타났다. 태풍 후 표층 퇴적물은 태풍 전에 비해 평균입도가 세립해졌고, 양호한 분급을 보였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.347-370
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• 2013

A study on the presence of benthic dinoflagellates in the intertidal zone along the coasts of Jeju Island, Korea was conducted during 2011 and 2012. Identification and taxonomic observations were made of the benthic dinoflagellate samples using light and epifluorescence microscopy. Thirty-seven dinoflagellate taxa belong to five orders, nine families, 18 genera and 30 species, which are new records for Korean waters, were detected in this study. The detailed nomenclature, references, distribution, and illustrations are presented here. The commonly occurring genera were Amphidinium, Coolia, Ostreopsis, Prorocentrum, and Thecadinium. Among the recorded species, 26 were found only in sand sediment, seven in macroalgal samples, and four were found in both sand and macroalgal samples. Of the 37 species, nine were potentially toxic. These results suggest that diversified benthic dinoflagellates including several potentially toxic species occur in sand sediment and macroalgae in the intertidal zone along the coasts of Jeju Island. The morphological features of the identified species were more or less similar to observations made by previous studies in Korea and elsewhere. The presence of known toxic species may indicate a potential risk of toxicity in the marine ecosystem of Jeju Island. The present study can be helpful for further detailed taxonomic, toxicological, molecular phylogenetic studies and may help in the management and conservation of Jeju Island's marine ecosystem.