• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

The transient flow fields in direct injection engines were analyzed by using the STAR-CD CFD code during the intake/compression processes. The analyses were focused on the computation grid generation by using the IC3M code which is a pre-developed and especially well adapted for the analyses of internal combustion engines. The results showed that the used grid generation technique was well suited for the flow analyses on any internal combustion engines.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.65-71
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• 2003

목적 : 정천탕(定喘湯, JCT)이 IgE/mast cell로 유포되는 천식(喘息)등의 알러지성 질환에 대한 효과를 실험적으로 검증하고자 하였다. 방법 : IgE의 혈중농도와(in vivo) 분비 량을 측정하였으며(in vitro), 알러지 관련 유전자의 발현을 RT-PCR로 검색하였고, JCT의 수용성 복합 추출물이 compound 48/80로 유발되는 mast cell line(IC-2)의 histamine의 방출에 미치는 직접적인 영향을 측정하였다(in vitro). 결과 : 정천탕은 ovalbumin으로 유발시킨 마우스의 혈중 IgE량과 IL-4와 CD-40로 유도시킨 spleen B 임파구의 IgE 생성량도 현저하게 감소시켰다. 또한 INF-r의 발현은 증가시킨 반면, IL-4와 IL-6의 발현과 mast cell의 histamine 방출은 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 정천탕의 항알러지 효과를 실험적으로 확인 할 수 있었으며 임상적으로는 천식등 알러지성 질환에 사용 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 용액성장법에 의해 양자 입자로 구성된 CdS 박막을 슬라이드 유리기 판위에 성장시키고 이들의 구조적 광학적 특성에 대하여 연구하였고 이들 결과를 토대로 용 액성장법으로 성장된 CdS 박막의 양자 사이즈 효과에 대하여 연구하였다. 성장시간은 1, 3, 10, 20분이었고 성장온도는 75$^{\circ}C$였다. X-선 회절 분석결과 본 연구에서 합성된 CdS 박막은 hexagonal상의 결정구조를 갖는 것으로 나타났고 성장시간에 따라 막의 투께는 61~195nm, 입자사이즈는 8.5~22.5nm로 나타났다. 광에너지 변화에 따른 투과도 측정결과 본 연구의 CdS 시료는 성장시간에 따라 에너지 밴드갭이 2.43~2.51 eV로 나타나서 벌크 CdS의 에너 지 밴드갭인 2.42 ev보다 높은 에너지 밴드갭을 갖게 되어 양자 사이즈 효과에 의한 blue shift 현상이 용액성장법에 의해 합성된 CdS 시료에도 존재한다는 것이 밝혀졌다 그리고 이 같은 용액성장법으로 성장된 CdS에 대해 최초로 수행된 Raman 산란 실험결과 이성장방법 으로 성장된 CdS에는 1TO, E2, 1LO 포논 모드가 존재함을 알수 있었고 또한 입자 사이즈 감소에 의한 1LO포논 모드의저주파수 shift 현상 즉 포논 모드의 softening 현상이 있음이 밝혀졌고 softening은 최대6.2%까지 발생하였다. 이와같은 높은 softening은 본연구의 CdS 박막 내 양자 입자의 입도가 작은것에 기인하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 본 CdS 시료의 양 자 사이즈 효과의 결과로 1TO 포논도 나타났는데 이 1TO 포논과 E2 포논의 Raman shift 는 성장시간 즉 막의 두께와는 무관한 것으로 나타났다.행렬모형(二重比例行列模型)을 이용하여, 산업구조의 변화로 인한 직업별 인력수요 변화가 충분히 고려되도록 하였다. 전망의 결과에 따르면 향후 우리 경제는 지식기반경제(knowledge-based economy)로 이행하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 우선 산업구조면에서 지식집약적산업으로의 구조조정이 일어나게 되고 이에 따라 산업별 취업구조에서도 고기술산업의 취업준비중이 급속히 증가하게 된다. 직업별 취업분포에 있어서도 전문기술직 행정관리직 등의 고숙련 사무직의 비중은 크게 증가하는 반면 생산관련직과 농림어업직의 비중은 감소하게 된다. 이처럼 경제가 지식집약화되어 감에 따라 고학력자에 대한 수요는 지속적으로 증가하지만 현재 적절한 인력양성과 공급이 이루어지지 않고 있어 향후 기술이나 기능에 따른 수급부일정(需給不一政)(skill mismatch)현상이 매우 심해질 것으로 보인다. 따라서 앞으로의 인력정책에서 가장 주안점을 두어야 할 부분은 첨단기술산업과 관련된 인력의 양성에 있다고 하겠다.2시간까지 LPDG용액은 MEC용액보다 비교적 나은 회복을 보였고 재관류 3일과 7일의 폐기능 평가에서 두 용액 모두에서 폐기능의 점차적 소실을 보였으며 이는 병리조직검사에서 보듯이 폐혐에 의한 외적인 요소라고 생각되며 따라서 LPDG용액은 허혈재관류손상 방지 및 급성폐렴 등 염증을 잘 관리한다면 20시간 이상 LPDG용액의 안전한 폐보존의 가능성 을 얻을 수 있었다.ic 형태로 외래유전자가 발현되었지만 대조구에서 87.0% (26/30개) 배반포기가 $\beta$-Gal 활력을 보인 반면, G418 처리구에서는 모든 배반포기가 $\beta$-Gal 활력을 보였다 (P<0.05). 그러나 대조구 및 G418 처리구의 ICM

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2003

Pancreatic lipase-inhibitory activity of the rhizome of Rhei Rhizoma and its antihyperlipidemic activity were measured. Rhei Rhizoma inhibited pancreatic lipase with $IC_{50}$ value of 6.5 mg/ml (triolein as a substrate). Rhei Rhizoma significantly inhibited serum TG level in corn oil feeding-induced mice, and serum TG and cholesterol in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. However, Rhei Rhizoma did not show the hypolipidemic activity in high cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice. When in vitro pancreatic lipase-inhibitory and in vivo antihyperlipidemic activities of Whangryunhaedoktang (WT) and Chunghyuldan (CD), which is consisted of ingredients of WT and Rhei Rhizoma, were measured, CD exhibited more potent inhibitory activities than WT. Therefore these results suggest that antihyperlipidemic activity of Rhei Rhizoma and CD may be more or less originated from the inhibition of pancreatic lipase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1227-1233
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• 2015

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in angiogenesis through binding to its specific receptors, which mainly occurs to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), a kinase insert domain-containing receptor. Therefore, the disruption of VEGFR-2 signaling provides a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer by inhibiting abnormal or tumorinduced angiogenesis. To explore this potential, we expressed the catalytic domain of VEGFR-2 (VEGFR-2-CD) as a soluble active kinase in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein was purified and the VEGFR-2-CD activity was investigated. The obtained VEGFR-2-CD showed autophosphorylation activity and phosphate transfer activity comparable to the commercial enzyme. Furthermore, the IC₅₀ value of known VEGFR-2 inhibitor was determined using the purified VEGFR-2-CD. These results indicated a possibility for functional and economical VEGFR-2-CD expression in E. coli to use for inhibitor screening.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.217-222
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• 1989

In this study, high frequency oscillatory ventilator was designed and constructed. Using designed by phase-lock loop system, in order to accurately and easily treat both the outlet volume and rpm. A system has been designed and is being evaluated using CD4046A PLL IC. We use this PLL IC for the purpose of motor controls. The device consists of PLL system, pumping mechanism, piston, cylinder, and special crank shaft are required. This system characteristics were as follows : 1) Frequency : 20-1800rpm. 2) Outlet air volume : 1-50cc.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.601-607
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• 2000

Lanthanum has been used as one of the burnup monitor in spent nuclear fuel. $U_3Si/Al$ spent nuclear fuel contains small amount of La in high concentration of U and Al. Therefore, chemical separation of La is required to remove matrix elements. At first, ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma systems were installed in radiation shielded glove box to handle the radioactive samples. Retention behavior of uranium, aluminum, lanthanum and some interesting fission products (Sr, Zr, Y, Mo, Ru, Pd, Rh, Cs, Ba, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Cd) was investigated using the CG10 column and ${\alpha}$-HiBA eluent. As all elements were eluted earlier than lanthanum in 0.2 M ${\alpha}$-HiBA eluent, a portion of U and Al was directly passed to waste using a three way valve between the column and the nebulizer. Thus it was possible to determine the lanthanum in a high concentration of U and Al matrix. Retention time of La was about 12 minutes in this separation condition. Optimum range for the determination of La in $U_3Si/Al$ spent nuclear fuel was $1-10{\mu}g/L$ (ppb) with this system and detection limit was $0.25{\mu}g/L$ in case of $200{\mu}L$ of sample volume.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.211-222
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• 2003

This study on satisfaction with school food service (FS) programs was conducted with 485 middle school students and 515 high school students based on FS management type. There were four types of FS management: independent-conventional (IC), independent-commissary (ICM), contract-conventional (CC), and contract-delivery (CD). About seventy percent of the students expressed satisfaction with the food quantity of the school lunches. But one third of the students, who felt the quantity was insufficient, cited the small size of the rice serving. Many high school students cited the small size of the side dishes as well as the rice serving. It is suggested that the meal quantity should be determined in consideration of the students' physical development. The satisfaction with FS sanitation was lower than that with the meal quality, eating environment, and environment of dining room with respect to all four types of FS management, and was lowest in the CD. It is suggested that FS sanitation should be managed more thoroughly for the students' safety, and that the school FS Committee should carefully monitor the sanitary management of the contract FS companies by means of a well-designed and monitored management system. Most of middle and high school students expected good taste and a diversity of foods in their school lunches. Food taste should be improved, and various food materials and cooking methods should be used for balanced nutrition and greater student satisfaction, particularly in contract FS types (CC and CD).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.945-956
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• 2021

In this study, the effects of single and binary heavy metals toxicity on the growth and phosphorus removal ability of Bacillus sp.. known as be a phosphorus-removing microorganism, were quantitatively evaluated. Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni were used as heavy metals. As a result of analysis of variance of the half of inhibition concentration and half of effective concentration for each single heavy metal treatment group, the inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. And the inhibitory effect on phosphorus removal by Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. When analyzing the correlation between growth inhibition and phosphorus removal efficiency of a single heavy metal treatment group, a negative correlation was found (R² = 0.815), and a positive correlation was found when the correlation between IC₅₀ and EC₅₀ was analyzed (R² = 0.959). In all binary heavy metal treatment groups, the interaction was an antagonistic effect when evaluated using the additive toxicity index method. This paper is considered to be basic data on the toxic effects of heavy metals when phosphorus is removed using phosphorus removal microorganisms in wastewater.

• Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.284-287
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• 2018

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation of one of two genes, TSC1 (encoding hamartin, 9q34) and TSC2 (encoding tuberin, 16p13). It invades the central nervous system and various parts of the body, causing various symptoms. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that has not been clearly elucidated. It is thought to be caused by an excessive immune response of the body to bacteria that normally exist in the digestive tract with genetic factors. No cases have been reported in which both of the above-mentioned diseases occurred simultaneously. We report a case of CD in a patient with TSC. A 12-year-old boy was brought to our hospital because of abdominal pain. Skin lesions were observed in the TSC. Fundus examination revealed a hamartoma in the right retina. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a subendothelial giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA). On the basis of these findings, he was diagnosed as having TSC. Blood test results showed increased levels of inflammatory markers. On abdominal ultrasonography, his colon walls were observed to be thickened with increased vascularity of the proximal ascending colon, ileocecal valve, and terminal ileum. Colonoscopy revealed discontinuous ulcerations and inflammations of the ileum, IC valve, and cecum, similar to those found in CD. Everolimus was administered orally for the SEGA but was discontinued frequently owing to the exacerbation of CD. The possibility of CD should be kept in mind in patients with TSC considering to undergo treatment for SEGA.