• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.419-425
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• 1996

The five spedes of genus Iksookimia from Korea were investigated by electron microscopes to clarify the adhesive membranes on zona radiata. In the late vitellogenic stage the adhesive membranes could be classified into three form as follows: 1) villous form of Iksookimia koreensis, I pumila, and I. hugowolfeldi, 2) cotton-shaped form of I. longicorpus, and 3) vine-shaped form of I. choii. And although I. koreensis, I pumila, and I. hugowolfeldi possessed the same villous form, It was evident that fine structure of the zona radiata varied according to spedes. The adhesive membranes and fine structures of zona radiata in Iksookimla showed a species specificity related to closely their habitats and spawning properties.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.513-521
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• 1996

The polymorphism of piroxicam was studied. Form I, II, III and monohydrate designated as Form IX were prepared by recrystallization from different solvents. Depending on the coo ling rate of the piroxicam melt, Form IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were prepared. The crystal forms were characterized by DTA, TGA and UV spectroscopy. Their dissolution patterns were also investigated. During storage at ambient condition. Form VIII was transformed into Form I and it was accelerated by milling. The other crystal forms were also transformed into Form I by milling. Form I and Form IX were very stable.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 1984

Four polymorphic forms (I, II, III and IV) of hydrochlorothiazide have been characterized on the basis of x-ray diffractometry and differential thermal analysis. Form I was obtained by crystallization from N, N-dimethylformamide and Form II was crystallized from hot methanol. Form III was precipitated from sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by treatment with hydrochloric acid and Form IV was crystallized from 50% methanol. The metastable form I was a most stable form among four polymorphs, which was stable more than ten months at room temperature. The thermodynamic parameters such as heat of solution, enthalpy, entropy, free energy difference and transition temperature were determined by the measurement of intrinsic dissolution rate. The transition temperature and the heat of transition between the metastable Form I an Form II were determined to be $299.15^{\circ}$K and 5.03 Kcal/mole, respectively and free energy difference ($\delta$ F) was 302. 13 cal/mole. Diuretic action of these four polymorphic forms was also evaluated by monitoring the difference in urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and magnesium in rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.357-360
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• 2004

Four crystal forms of ketorolac have been obtained by recrystallization in organic solvents under variable conditions. Different ketorolac polymorphs and pseudo polymorph were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction crystallography (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the dissolution studies in water at $37{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ four crystal forms showed different patterns. The solubility of Form I were the highest. The solubility decreased in rank order: Form I> Form II > Form III > Form IV. Form land Form III were shown to have a good physical stability at room temperature for 60 days. However, Form II is converted to Form III and Form IV is converted to Form I after 60 days storage. Therefore, these observations indicate that crystalline polymorphism for ketorolac is readily inter-convertible and the relationship may have to taken into consideration in the formulation of the drug.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.922-928
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• 1997

The conformational transition of poly(L-proline) (PLP), Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ and the intermolecular aggregation of the product, Form Ⅰ, during and after the transition in water-propanol (1:7, 1:9, 1:15.7, and 1:29 v/v) were studied. For the study, the viscosity change and excess light scattering intensity were measured in the course of the transition which was determined by the Form Ⅰ fraction, fI of the sample solution. For the PLP sample of molecular weight Mv=31,000 the experimental results show that the reaction course is roughly divided into three regions: in the first region [fI=0.27 to 0.40 (- [α]D=400 to 330)], the conformational change of Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ occurs with decrease of viscosity, in the second region [fI=0.40 to 0.80 (- [α]D=330 to 120)], a partial side-by-side (p-S-S) type aggregation in which Form Ⅰ blocks interact with each other, which induces the increase of viscosity, starts to occur, and in the third region [fI=0.80 to 1.00 (- [α]D=120 to 15)], a side-by-side type (raft like) aggregation of Form Ⅰ or an end-to-end (E-E) type aggregation occurs according to the solvent situation, i.e., in a water-rich medium [water-propanol (1:9 or 1:7 v/v)], the (S-S) type aggregation with a gross decrease in viscosity occurs while in a water-poor medium [water-propanol (1:29 or 1:15.7 v/v), the (E-E) type aggregation with a large increase in viscosity occurs. The (S-S) type aggregation was promoted at high temperatures. Based on the structure of PLP, a reasonable mechanism for the (p-S-S) and (S-S) aggregation which occurs with the transition of Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ is considered. The suggested mechanism was also supported by the result of chain length effect of PLP for the aggregation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.4 s.47
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• pp.819-826
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• 1994

This study was designed to get the knowledges of the ideal arch form of the class I malocclusion patients of Koreans with first premolar extraction. The subjects consisted of 98 individuals with class I malocclusion with first premolar extraction. The results were as follows ; 1 Author found the ideal arch shape of the class I malocclusion patients with first premolar extraction. 2. Equations of ideal arch form of the class I malocclusion patients with first premolar extraction were obtained from SPSS.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.8
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• pp.211-239
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• 2005

The purpose of this thesis is to explore a common characteristic of the diverse oriental images mainly from the figurative point of view, and apply it to the contemporary expressions and methods of painting. To do that, I separated the concept of figure into two factors - form and image - and then approached and solved the problems of figure by explaining the two factors respectively. Separating form from image is neither to set two factors against each other nor to isolate any of those values. It is worth dividing the form and the image not only because the image of the oriental painting has a figurative value constituted from an external frame of the form, but also because it has a close connection with the meaning that the form holds inside. These are the reasons why I conceptualize the individual language of form and image. Furthermore, I attempted to investigate how those two factors and mutual relations between them make real figurative images under the principle of harmony and coexistence. The theme of this thesis - the figurative aesthetics and its contemporaneity in the oriental paintings is analyzed based on the understanding of 'figure' within the framework of oriental paintings. A research of image from the figurative point of view is valuable in that it criticizes the past method of thinking, and proposes an alternative formula for new way of thinking. In this regard, I indicated the limit of the theory of form-and-spirit that has been one of the most important conceptual theories . Instead, I' accessed to various aesthetic concepts - that are created in the course of image formulation - from the actual figurative point of view, and then even interpreted it as a figurative value of the oriental paintings and it's application within the specific and practical scope. During the course of research, I explored the conceptual elements of the tradition and the principle of figuration. I expect this study to make a footstone for bringing traditional aesthetics to the contemporary context of oriental painting.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.222-226
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• 2007

Buildings form interior space when part of an external environment is limited by a physical surface. And, the interior space forms an appearance of building when space-defining elements, such as floor, wall, and roof. An appearance or a form of building has a lot of meanings depending on the physical and psychological conditions, as well as symbolism. Especially, the prevailing meaning of form in the modern age was, "Form follows function," was quite different from the meaning of form in the architectural era of Louis I. Kahn, who asserted "Form always supercedes function," when functional modernism was still existed even after some 50 years later. Existing studies on Louis I. Kahn usually analyzed his architectural terminology and philosophical concepts of Centrality, Light, Order, Form, and Design; or they were focused on an overall plane and the principle of composition. The purposes of this study are: (1) to investigate how the formal composition characteristics of building are expressed on skylights; and (2) to demonstrate that the formal composition characteristics of skylights plays an important role in constructing a whole structure of building in relation with other architectural elements.

• BMB Reports
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 1997

Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. S-1 secretes a large amount (approximately 80% of total pullulanase activity) of an extracellular pullulanase (PUL-E). The pullulanase exists in two forms: a precursor form (PUL-I: $M_r$ 180,000), and a processed form (PUL-E: $M_r$ 140,000). Two forms were purified to homogeneity and their properties were compared. PUL-I was different in molecular weight, isoelectric point, $NH_2$-terminal amino acid sequence, and stabilities over pH and temperature ranges. The catalytic activities of PUL-I were also distinguishable in the $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values for various substrates, and in the specific activity for pullulan hydrolysis. PUL-E showed 10-fold higher specific activities than PUL-I. However. PUL-I is immunologically identical to PUL-E, suggesting that PUL-I is initially synthesized and proteolytically processed to the mature form of PUL-E. Processing was inhibited by PMSF, but not by pepstatin, suggesting that some intracellular serine proteases could be responsible for processing of the PUL-I. PUL-I has a different conformational structure for antibody recognition from that of PUL-E. It is also postulated that the translocation of alkaline pullulanase(AP) in the bacterium possibly requires processing of the $NH_2$-terminal region of the AP protein. Processing of the precursor involves a conformational shift. resulting in a mature form. Therefore. precursor processing not only cleaves the signal peptide, but also induces conformational shift. allowing development of active form of the enzyme.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.18-25
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• 1997

The change of crystalline structure and mechanical properties of i-PP films which had before isothermally annealed at various temperature and times have been studied. The following results were abtain The crystallinity and crystallite size of the samples showed increasing above the annealing temperature of 13$0^{\circ}C$ and these are equilibrated after an annealing time of 30min. When the crystalline form was at annealling condition were below 13$0^{\circ}C$, 2min, subsequently achieving an $\alpha$, $\beta$ mixing form and at 13$0^{\circ}C$, 10min, the crystalline form entered an $\alpha$ form transition. It is achieved a typical $\alpha$ form at 15$0^{\circ}C$. The value of T'm was increasing until 13$0^{\circ}C$ but it was not founded at 15$0^{\circ}C$. The slopes which represented crystalline form in an Avrami plot differed from each other within the range of this experiment.