• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hypercholesterolemia

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Effect of Coix on Plasma Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism in Rats (율무쌀이 쥐의 혈장콜레스테롤 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향)

  • 박양자
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.89-98
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    • 1988
  • This study was done to determine the effects of coix on the content of cholesterol. lipids, phosphoilpids, total bile acids in liver, plasma, and feces of rats fed containing 1% cholesterol. Four groups of experimental diets, such as soybean oil-starch diet, soybean oil-coix diet, lard-starch diet, lard-coix diet were fed ad libitum to the 6 weeks old white male rat of Spargue-Dawley strain for 27 days. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Plasma cholesterol level of the lard-starch group was significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05), and that of the lard-coix group was the lowest. The content of plasma triglyceride, total bile acids was not different among the lard-starch group was significantly higher than the other groups(p<0.05). 2) The contents of the liver lipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides of the lard-coix group were significantly lower than the other groups(p<0.05). The contents of phospholipid of the liver of the lard-starch group was significantly lower than the other groups(p<0.05), and those of the soybean oil-coix group and the lard-coix group were high. 3) The contents of intestinal lipids, triglyceride, and phospholipid of the lard-coix group were significantly lower than the other groups(p<0.05). The contents of the intestinal tissue cholesterol of the lard-coix group was significantly lower than the other groups(p<0.05). 4) Cholesterol content of the feces was not different among the experimental groups. Triglyceride content of the feces of the soybean oil-starch group was significantly higher than the other groups, but total bile acid content of the feces was not different among the experimental groups. 5) Dry matter digestibility was not different among the experimental groups, but cholesterol retention was rather low when soybean oil-diet was fed. The results of this study reveales that coix has an effect to lower the plasma cholesterol level. Coix were decreased the content of liver cholesterol, increased the contend of liver phospholipid, and induced triglyceride excretion of the feces in the lard diet which lead to hypercholesterolemia. It could be suggested that the coix has influesced liped metabolsim in body.

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Effect of Dietary Bellflower(Platycodon glandiflorum) and Red Ginseng on Hypercholesterolemic Rats (홍삼 및 도라지 분말이 흰쥐의 혈청 및 지질에 미치는 영향)

  • Noh, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Eul-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.413-420
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    • 1984
  • Effects of bellflower and red ginseng on plasma and liver lipid metabolism in rats receiving dietary cholesterol were studied. During experimental period of 14 days the rats were divided into four dietary groups: standard diet: Control diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate to the standard diet: bellflower diet containing 5% bellflower to the control diet, and red ginseng diet containing 5% red ginseng to the control diet. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol(HC), total lipid(TL) and triglyceride(TG) in the plasma and liver were determined after 12 hours fasting. Liver weight of the rats fed control, bellflower or red ginseng diets was greater than that of the rats fed standard diet, however, kidney weight was greater at the standard group. Spleen weight was slightly greater in bellflower diet group. Rats fed control, bellflower and red ginseng diets showed significantly higher concentrations of TL, TC and TG, but lower concentration of HC in the plasma and liver than rats fed standard diet. Neither dietary bellflower nor red ginseng changed the levels of these four classes of lipid in the plasma of control diet group. But bellflower reduced the level of TG in the liver.

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Characterization of Nitrile-hydrolyzing Enzymes Produced from Rhodococcus erythropolis (니트릴 분해효소 생산균인 Rhodococcus erythropolis의 발굴 및 효소 특성 연구)

  • Park Hyo-Jung;Park Ha-Joo;Uhm Ki-Nam;Kim Hyung-Kwoun
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.204-210
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    • 2006
  • Ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate is a useful intermediate for the synthesis of Atorvastatin, a chiral drug to hypercholesterolemia. In this research, two 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyro-nitrile-degrading strains were isolated from soil sample. They were identified as Rhodococcus erythropolis strains by 16S rRNA analysis. The nitrile-degrading enzyme(s) were suggested to be nitrile hydratase and amidase rather than nitrilase from the result of thin layer chromatography analysis. The corresponding genes were obtained by PCR cloning method. The predicted protein sequences had identities more than 96% with nitrile hydratase ${\alpha}-subunit$, nitrile hydratase ${\beta}-subunit$, and amidase of R. erythropolis. The 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile-hydrolyzing activities in both strains were increased dramatically by ${\varepsilon}-caprolactam$ which was known as good inducer for nitrile hydratase. Both intact cells and cell-free extract could hydrolyze the nitrile compound. So, the intact cell and the enzymes could be used as potential biocatalyst for the production of 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyric acid.

Effects of the Chitosan Oligosaccharide Intake on the Improvement of Serum Lipid Level in Hypercholesterolemic Rats (키토산 올리고당이 고콜레스테롤혈증 흰쥐의 혈청 지질농도 개선에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Han-Soo;Yoon, Ho-Dong
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.1686-1692
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to investigate the effects of the chitosan oligosaccharide administration on the improvement of the lipid compositions, blood glucose and enzyme activities in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and blood glucose in serum were higher in the hypercholesterolemic group (group CW) and cholesterol+chitosan oligosaccharide administration group (group CCW) than those in the control group (group BW, basal diet+water). But the concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were lower in the group CCW than those in the CW, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the group CCW were higher than in the group CW. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the group CCW than in the hypercholesterolemic group CW. From the above results, it was suggested that chitosan oligosaccharide administration was effective in the prevention and improvement of the lipid level, blood glucose and enzyme activities in serum of hypercholesterolemic rats.

Effect of Prunus persica Batsch var. davidiana Max. Extract on the Free Fatty Acid, Creatine Phosphokinase and LCAT Activities in Hypercholesterolemic Rats (고콜레스테롤혈증 흰쥐의 유리지방산, Creatine Phosphokinase 및 LCAT 활성에 돌복숭아(Prunus persica Batsch var. davidiana Max.)추출액이 미치는 영향)

  • Kim Han-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.265-271
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    • 2005
  • This study was performed to observe the effects of the feeding Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extract on the improvement of the free fatty acid, creatine phosphokinase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) activities in the serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats(S. D. strain, male) fed the experimental diets for. 5 weeks. Concentration of electrolyte(Na, K, Cl) in serum were fairly reduced in the group BCP(basal diet + cholesterol + Prunus persica, $5.0\;g\%$ extract) than in the group BCW(basal diet + cholesterol + water). However, no significance was found in the effect of an electrolyte concentration among the groups. Concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups(group BCW, BCP) than those in the control group(group BW, basal diet + water). However, concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were remarkably lower in the group BCP than those in the group BCW The LCAT activity in serum was increased in the Prunus persica $5.0g\%$ extract administration group(group BCP) than in the cholesterol of diet group(group BCW). From these results, the Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extracts were found to be effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats.

A study on Blood pressure and Blood constituents of middle-Aged men Obesity (중년 남성 비만의 혈압 및 혈액 성상에 관한 연구)

  • 이현옥;박혜순;승정자
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.366-371
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate blood pressure and blood constituents in middle-aged men obesity. All the measurements were taken from 1524(obese 453, control 1071) man's subjects. The body mass index BMI in obese group and control was 26.6$\pm$1.4kg/$m^2$ and 22.2$\pm$1.9kg/$m^2$ respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in obese group were significantly higher than control(p<0.001). The concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index in obese group were 202.1$\pm$34.7mg/dl, 210.0$\pm$121.8mg/dl, 43.4$\pm$10.3mg/dl, 116.7$\pm$33.5mg/dl, 3.8$\pm$1.2, respectively. There was significance in the relation between cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and BMI. The frequency of dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) in obese group was significantly more than control(p<0.001).

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Co-treatment with Fermented Black Raspberry and Red Ginseng Extracts Improves Lipid Metabolism and Obesity in Rats Fed with a High-fat and High-cholesterol Diet (복분자와 홍삼 발효 추출물의 복합투여가 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 지질대사 및 비만에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Min Jung;Choi, Hye Ran;Lee, Jung-Hyun;Lee, Su Jung;Kwon, Ji Wung;Choi, Kyung-Min;Cha, Jeong-Dan;Hwang, Seung-Mi;Park, Jong Hyuk;Lee, Sang Cheon;Park, Pill Jae;Lee, Tae-Bum
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.364-372
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    • 2015
  • This study investigated the effects of fermented black raspberry (BR) and red ginseng (RG) extract co-treatment on lipid metabolism and obesity in rats fed with a high fat/high cholesterol diet (HFHCD) for 12 weeks. Compared to the corresponding values in rats fed with a HFHCD, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels increased in rats treated with fermented BR and RG extracts. These extracts significantly increased the expression of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and sterol regulatory-element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) mRNA, but decreased the mRNA expression of SREBP-1. Additionally the serum levels of leptin and fatty acid synthase were decreased. Moreover, supplementation with fermented BR and RG effectively increased fecal cholesterol excretion. These results suggest that fermented BR and RG extracts might be effective at preventing hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Report on Blood Pressure and s-Cholesterol of Highschool Students in Jeonbuk, Korea (전북지역 일부 남녀 고등학생을 대상으로 한 청소년의 혈압 및 혈중 콜레스테롤에 대한 연구)

  • Kim Lak-Hyung;Kang Shin-Hwa;Kang Hyon-Chul;Jang In-Soo
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.117-129
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    • 2001
  • Objective : Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are well recognized risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. So it's very important to evaluate blood pressure and s-cholesterol in adolescence. Material and Methods : April 1999, we were requested health examinaion for high school students of a boys high school and a girls high school in Jeonbuk, Korea. The subjects were 360 students, boys were 317 and girls were 343. They were checked their height, body weight, blood pressure, and s-cholesterol. Results and Conclusion : The mean of systolic blood pressure of study subjects was $111.89{\pm}12.43mmHg$. In boys, it was $116.25{\pm}11.78mmHg$, and in girls, it was $107.87{\pm}11.64mmHg$. The mean of diastolic blood pressure of study subjects was $68.45{\pm}9.40mmHg$. In boys, it was $66.92{\pm}10.00mmHg$, and in girls it was $69.85{\pm}9.40mmHg$. Hypertensives were 18(5.68%) in boys, 10(2.92%) in girls. The mean of s-cholesterol of study subjects was $174.95{\pm}32.28mg/dL$. In boys, it was $178.91{\pm}34.51mg/dL$, and in girls, it was $171.29{\pm}29.66mg/dL$. Hypercholesterolemias were 91(28.71%) in boys, 39(11.37%) in girls. The mean of BMI of study subjects was $21.12{\pm}3.27kg/m2$. In boys, it was $21.05{\pm}3.26kg/m2$, and in girls, it was $21.18{\pm}3.29kg/m2$. Obese boys were 18(5.68%), obese girls were 13(3.79%). The mean of diastolic blood pressure in obese boys was significantly higher than that of normal boys(p=0.001, Mann-Whitney test). The mean of s-cholesterol in obese boys($BMI{\ge}274$) was significantly higher than that of normal boys.(P=0.26, Mann-Whitney test).

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Phase Behavior of Simvastatin Drug in Mixtures of Dichloromethane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Microparticle Formation of Simvastatin Drug Usins Supercritical Anti-Solvent Process (디클로로메탄과 초임계 이산화탄소의 혼합용매에서 Simvastatin 약물의 상거동과 초임계 역용매 공정을 이용한 Simvastatin 약물 미세입자의 제조)

  • Oh, Dong-Joon;Lee, Byung-Chul
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.13 no.1 s.36
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    • pp.34-45
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    • 2007
  • Phase behavior of the ternary systems of water-insoluble simvastatin drug, which is well known to be effective drugs for hypercholesterolemia therapy, in solvent mixtures of dichloromethane and supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated to present a guideline of establishing operating conditions in the particle formation of the drugs by a supercritical anti-solvent recrystallization process utilizing dichloromethane as a solvent and carbon dioxide as an anti-solvent. The solubilities of simvastatin in the mixtures of dichloromethane and carbon dioxide were determined as functions of temperature, pressure and solvent composition by measuring the cloud points of the ternary mixtures at various conditions using a high-pressure phase equilibrium apparatus equipped with a variable-volume view cell. The solubility of the drug increased as the dichloromethane composition in solution and the system pressure increases at a fixed temperature. A lower solubility of the drug was obtained at a higher temperature. The second half of this work is focused on the particle formation of the simvastatin drug by a supercritical anti-solvent recrystallization process in a cylindrical high-pressure vessel equipped with an impeller. Microparticles of the simvastatin drug were prepared as functions of pressure (8 MPa to 12 MPa), temperature (303.15 K, 313,15 K), feed flow rate of carbon dioxide, and stirring speed (up to 3000 rpm), in order to observe the effect of those process parameters on the size and shape of the drug microparticles recrystallized.

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The cholesterol Accumulation decreasing effect of Porpbyra yezoensis extract in kidney of Murine with hypercholesterolemia induced by Triton WR-1339 (Triton WR-1339에 의한 고콜레스테롤증 유발시 해조류 김 추출물의 신장내 콜레스테롤 축적 감소효과)

  • Park, In-Sick;Ahn, Sang-Hyun;Chang, Jae-Man;Kim, Jin-Tack;Kim, Ho-Hyun
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 1998
  • Renal tissues of ICR mouse were intraperitoneally injeced with Porpbyra yezoensis extract(PE) after Triton WR-1339(TX) injection were observed to investigate the cholesterol accumulation decreasing effect of PE. The renal tissues were obtained at hour 24, 48, and 72 after TX injection that were fixed in fromol-calcium solution and were cryocut. The tissue stained by sudan black B for lipid and perchloric acid-naphthoquinone method for cholesterol. The parietal layer of Bowman's capsule is swelled as cuboidal type at hour 48 after TX injection and the lipid blot and cholesterol particle were noticeably increased in glomerulus and these appeared in convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and Helen's loop. In PE treated group, the lpid blot and cholesterol particle were considerably decreased in glomerulus than TX group. As results indicated that the accumulation of lipid including cholesterol caused by TX injection were mitigated in renal tissues by the antihypercholesterolemia effect of PE.

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