• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.295-304
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to detect the sorghum panicle using YOLOv5 based on RGB images acquired by a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system. The high-resolution images acquired using the RGB camera mounted in the UAV on September 2, 2022 were split into 512×512 size for YOLOv5 analysis. Sorghum panicles were labeled as bounding boxes in the split image. 2,000images of 512×512 size were divided at a ratio of 6:2:2 and used to train, validate, and test the YOLOv5 model, respectively. When learning with YOLOv5s, which has the fewest parameters among YOLOv5 models, sorghum panicles were detected with mAP@50=0.845. In YOLOv5m with more parameters, sorghum panicles could be detected with mAP@50=0.844. Although the performance of the two models is similar, YOLOv5s ( 4 hours 35 minutes) has a faster training time than YOLOv5m (5 hours 15 minutes). Therefore, in terms of time cost, developing the YOLOv5s model was considered more efficient for detecting sorghum panicles. As an important step in predicting sorghum yield, a technique for detecting sorghum panicles using high-resolution RGB images and the YOLOv5 model was presented.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2022

Objectives: Currently, Korea's medical services are divided into Western medicine and Korean medicine, and people who are not satisfied with the existing treatments are looking for complementary and alternative medicine(CAM). Therefore, this study attempted to confirm patients' perception of the ongoing collaborative treatment and integrated medical service that added CAM to collaborative treatment based on tertiary hospital users. So that we can confirm the expected advantage and disadvantage of integrated medical service system and the necessity of supporting medical expenses for it. Methods: The survey was conducted on 100 people who experienced tertiary hospital treatment and other 100 people who experienced both tertiary hospital treatment and Korean medicine treatment at the same period. The survey was conducted until the number of respondents in both group reached 100. The survey was conducted through e-mail and was conducted from September 27, 2021 to October 8, 2021. Results: For the advantages of collaborative treatment 'increased in psychological stability,' and for disadvantages 'longer time spent for treatment' were the most common. If integrated medical services are implemented in the future, expected advantages include 'consideration of various treatments.' and expected disadvantages include 'increased medical cost.' The needs to expand support for health insurance for integrated medical services were 75.5% among responders. Conclusions: We were able to find out the (expected) advantages and disadvantages of the collaborative medical care and the integrated medical system that medical users experienced or expected, also confirmed positive answers to the expansion of health insurance support for the integrated medical system.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 2022

The potassium cream soap with fatty acid called cleaning foam has a crystal gel structure, and unlike an emulsion system, it is weak to shear stress and shows characteristics that are easily separated under high temperature storage conditions. The crystal gel structure of cleansing foams is significantly influenced by the nature and proportion of fatty acids, degree of neutralization, and the nature and proportion of polyols. In order to investigate the effect of these parameters on the crystal gel structure, a ternary system consisting of water/KOH/fatty acid was investigated in this study. The investigation of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) revealed that the eutectic point was found at the ratio of myristic acid (MA) : stearic acid (SA) = 3 : 1 and ternary systems were the most stable at the eutectic point. However, the increase in fatty acid content had little effect on stability. On the basis of viscosity and polarized optical microscopy (POM) measurements, the optimum degree of neutralization was found to be about 75%. The system was stable when the melting point (T_m) of the ternary system was higher than the storage temperature and the crystal phase was transferred to lamellar gel phase, but the increase in fatty acid content had little effect on stability. The addition of polyols to the ternary system played an important role in changing the T_m and causing phase transition. The structure of the cleansing foams were confirmed through cryogenic scanning electron microscope (Cryo-SEM), small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) analysis. Since butylene glycol (BG), propylene glycol (PG), and dipropylene glycol (DPG) lowered the T_m and hindered the lamellar gel formation, they were unsuitable for the formation of stable cleansing foam. In contrast, glycerin, PEG-400, and sorbitol increased the T_m, and facilitated the formation of lamellar gel phase, which led to a stable ternary system. Glycerin was found to be the most optimal agent to prepare a cleansing foam with enhanced stability.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 1999

The therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4) inhibitors in inflammatory diseases including some autoimmune diseases has been explored recently with some hopeful results. These PDE4 inhibitors are thought to show their anti-inflammatory effect by down-regulating tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-$\alpha$) production in lymphocytes and macrophages. A high concentration of TNF-$\alpha$has been found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium and reducing TNF-$\alpha$using biological agents was proven to be an effective RA treatment. To test the possibility of using PDE4 inhibitors for RA treatment, the effects of a newly synthesized PDE4 inhibitor, DWP205505, on TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-10 production was tested in cells isolated from normal peripheral blood and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid. Cytokine production was assayed at the protein level by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and at the mRNA expression level by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Another PDE4 inhibitor, RP73401, was used for comparison. DWP205505 and RP73401 had no harmful effect on cell viability up to 10 $\mu$M concentration during the 24 h culture period. DWP205505 as well as RP73401 significantly reduced TNF-$\alpha$ secretion from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pBMC) and synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC). The effect of DWP205505 or RP73401 treatment on the mRNA expression of TNF-$\alpha$ was also studied in LPS-stimulated PBMC and SFMC. TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA expression was increased by LPS stimulation and both of the PDE4 inhibitors suppressed TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA expression. For interleukin-l0 (IL-l0), a little different results were obtained from PBMC and SFMC; IL-l0 secretion was unaffected by LPS stimulation and only minimally affected by both of the PDE4 inhibitors in PBMC. In unstimulated SFMC, DWP205505 and RP73401 slightly enhanced IL-10 secretion, while they reduced IL-l0 secretion from LPS-stimulated SFMC where IL-l0 secretion was a lot higher than unstimulated SFMC. These results suggest that the newly synthesized PDE4 inhibitor DWP205505 may have anti-rheumatoid arthritis activity.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Objectives: In this study, we define a medical service type that combines Western medicine, Korean medicine, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as an integrated medical service. This study, as part of tertiary hospital-based integrated medical service model and clinical field application, aims to collect status and opinions on integrated medical service for medical staff in the field. Methods: This is a survey study, and was conducted on doctors from Kyung Hee University Hospital and Korean medicine doctors from Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital. Respondents were recruited on a first-come, first-served basis until the number of respondents reached 120. The investigation was conducted for a total of 16 days from October 4, 2021 to October 19, 2021 by e-mail. Results: Recognition of integrated medical services was confirmed to be 45.8%, and 49.2% responded positively to the necessity of it. As a group of diseases that require the establishment of integrated medical services in the future, 'disorders of musculoskeletal systems and connective tissues' was the highest. The most expected advantages of providing integrated medical services were 'increased satisfaction of patients and guardians' and 'increased treatment effects.' Conclusions: In this study, we investigated the perception of doctors and Korean medicine doctors on integrated medical services that combine Western medicine, Korean medicine, and CAM. It has been confirmed that medical staff generally have a positive perception of integrated medical services, and if the scientific basis for the effect of integrated medical services is supported, the rate of positive perception is expected to increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2011

Agricultural environment of Lam Dong province, which is located in central highland area, is totally different from that of other lower areas in Vietnam. In Lam Dong province, abundant plant resources were naturally grown such as pine trees, taxus, and wild orchids, which can grow in high mountainous area. In Lam Dong, the field proportion of perennial crops was higher than that of annual crops. However, the field proportion and yields of vegetables were highest among the all cultivated crops, estimating 38% (36,552ha) and 72% (993,082MT), respectively. Especially in Da Lat, vegetables, flowers, orchids, and industrial crops were mainly produced because this area is geographically close to Ho Chi Minh city. And also in Da Lat, 64% (8,447ha) and 36% (4,777ha) of farm fields were used for producing annual and perennial crops, respectively, and the yields of fresh vegetables in this area was estimated to 213,478MT which was 21.5% of the whole yields in Lam Dong province. Thus Korea, Taiwan, Japan, France, and Holland have invested to agriculture in Da Lat for producing and exporting flowers, vegetables, and tea. In 2009, flower cultivation area of Da Lat was over 55% in Lam Dong province and average amount of values were 9,781 million USD, which was higher than that of al other crops. Thus following strategies could be suggested for the development of agriculture in Lam Dong province. The first, agricultural cooperation with Da Lat, Lam Dong, should be characterized to horticulture and floriculture, followed by supporting both appropriate R&D techniques and equipments. And then agricultural system should be made in relationship with the local companies. Finally, agricultural cooperation program should be conducted toward the direction for both donor and recipient countries.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.13-28
• /
• 2022

Korean Government Budget Supports for startups have been spiked and resulted in increasing the number and scaling up Startup Accelerating managers. It have skyrocketed the strong demand for their qualified roles. However, unclear role description and gap between required role and their capability have discouraged startup manager's self-efficacy resulted in declining their full commitment and causing poor role performance. The focus of this research falls on empirical analysis to the effect of startup accelerating manager's capability characteristics on their full commitment and performance to start-up support groups. This research is expected to deliver diverse policy alternatives to build up manager's core competencies to accelerate their self-efficacy leading their full role commitments and finally pushing up policy performance. In addition, this research will found more strong literature review for the following researches in this emerging fields. This research is brought four highlighting results with respect to four research problems. First, it propose proper concept of startup accelerating manager based upon its legal entitlement. Second, it drive required core competencies of manager for successful their accountability. Third, it analyze the unique features of startup accelerating manger's capabilities against business incubation manger. Fourth, it empirically analyze in coming with government startup funding, the effect of self-efficacy including employment status, job environment, etc. on their organizational commitment and job performance. This research reveal the required unique core competencies of manger into founder sourcing ability, project managing ability, startup proving and pivoting ability, consulting ability for successful investment raising. As of this empirical research results, First, manager's ability have positively effect on their job performance, full commitment, and self-efficacy. Second, self-efficacy have a mediating effect on manager's ability, job performance, full commitment. This research derive key policy implication of requiring to build up more accelerating ability, of manager from the basics to advance level by customized and algorithm based traing program. This accelerating ability buildup program will not only surge self-efficacy of manger resulting in making full commitment and better job performance, but also devote to categorizing the unique new feature and position of manger as seed investment and supporter.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.82 no.1
• /
• pp.128-138
• /
• 2021

Purpose We evaluated the risk factors for progression to chronic complicated bronchopleural fistula (BPF) after pulmonary resection using follow-up CT. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 45 cases with BPF that had undergone pulmonary resection during 2010-2018. We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics of those with complicated BPF (n = 24) and those without complicated (sterilized) BPF (n = 21). The clinical and radiological risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF were examined by logistic regression analysis. Results The thickness of the pleural cavity wall (p = 0.022), the size of the pleural cavity (p = 0.029), and the size increase of BPF on follow-up (p = 0.012) were significantly different between the two groups. The risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF were age > 70 years (odds ratio, 6.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-33.7), the thickness of the cavity wall > 5 mm (odds ratio, 52.5; 95% confidence interval, 5.1-545.4), and an increase in the size of the pleural cavity on follow-up CT (odds ratio, 12.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-73.5), only in the univariate analysis. Conclusion The risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF can be evaluated using follow-up CT.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.209-233
• /
• 2016

Internet companies that utilize social network have increased in number. The introduction of diverse social media services facilitated innovative changes in e-business. Social network service (SNS), which is a domain of social media, is a web-based service designed to strengthen human relations in the Internet and build new social relations. The remarkable growth of social network services and the profit generation and perception of this service are the new growth engines of this digital age. Given this development, many global IT companies views SNS as the most powerful form of social media. Thus, they invest efforts to develop business models using SNS.2) This study verifies the impact of privacy exposure in SNS as a result of privacy invasion. This study examines the purpose of using the SNS and user's awareness of the significance of personal information, which are key factors that affect self-disclosure of personal information. This study utilizes theory of reasoned action (TRA) to provide a theoretical platform that describes the specific behavior and emotional response of individuals. This study presents a research model that considers negative attitude (negatude). In this model, self-disclosure in SNS is considered a TRA. TRA is a subjective norm, a behavioral intention, and a key variable of exposure behavior. A survey was conducted on college students at Y university in Seoul to empirically verify the research model. The students have experiences in using SNS. A total of 198 samples were collected. Path analysis was applied to analyze the relations of factors. The results of path analysis show the statistically insignificant impact of privacy invasion on negatude, subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior. The impact of unrecognized privacy invasion was also considered insignificant. The impacts of intention to use SNS on negatude, subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior was significant. A significant impact was also found for the significance of personal information on subjective norm, behavioral intention, and exposure behavior, whereas the impact on negatude was insignificant. The impact of subjective norm on behavioral intention was significant. Lastly, the impact of behavioral intention on exposure behavior was insignificant. These findings are significant because the study examined the process of self-disclosure by integrating psychological and social factors based on theoretical discussion.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.415-432
• /
• 2024

This study developed and applied the teacher education model and its principles for science classes using Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) content and analyzed preservice elementary teachers' feedback on the teacher education model and the changes in their perceptions as to the use of VR/AR content. First, existing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) teacher education models and prior studies on the use of the VR/AR contents were reviewed to derive the teacher education model to cultivate the VR/AR-TPACK and set the key principles for each of its stages. The developed teacher education model has five stages: exploration, mapping, collaborative design, practice, and reflection. Second, to examine the appropriateness of the model's five stages and principles, we applied it within the regular course of instruction at the university of education, which was attended by 25 preservice elementary teachers. This study collected data from surveys on the perception of the usage of VR/AR contents before and after the course, as well as the group lesson plans prepared by the preservice teachers, and their feedback on the teacher education model. The feedback on the teacher education model and the survey conducted by the preservice teachers before and after the course were analyzed through open coding and categorization. As a result, most preservice teachers expressed positive opinions about the activities and experiences at each stage of the implementation of the teacher education model. Perceptions related to the usage of the VR/AR content changed in three aspects: first, the vague positive perception of the VR/AR content has changed to a positive perception based on specific educational affordance. Second, they recognized the need for preparedness by anticipating potential problems associated with the use of the VR/AR content. Third, they came to view the VR/AR contents as a useful instructional resource that the teachers could use. Based on these results, we discussed the implications for the VR/AR-TPACK teacher education model and assessed the limitations of the research.