• 제목/요약/키워드: Hydroxy fatty acid

검색결과 109건 처리시간 0.031초

Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase, a Novel Cytosolic Ketone Body-Utilizing Enzyme that Specifically Activates Acetoacetate to its Coenzyme A Ester

  • Fukui, Tetsuya
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-1
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    • pp.70-70
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    • 2003
  • In mammalians, ketone bodies (acetoacetate, D(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate and acetone) are generated mainly in the liver via the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA pathway, carried to and utilized in extrahepatic tissues as an energy source during starvation and diabetes in particular due to their overproduction as the consequence of elevated fatty acid oxidation and lowered glucose metabolism. (omitted)

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Study on hydroxy fatty acid contents changes and physiological responses under abiotic stresses in transgenic Camelina

  • Kim, Hyun-Sung;Lee, Hyun-Sook;Lim, Hyun-Gyu;Park, Won;Kim, Hyun-Uk;Lee, Kyeong-Ryeol;Ahn, Sung-Ju
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.191-191
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    • 2017
  • Hydroxy fatty acid (HFA) is an important industrial resource that known to be extracted from seeds of Castor or Lesquerella. However, mass production of HFA from those crops are difficult because of their behavior or life cycle. In this study, we applied HFA synthesis related gene FAH12, RcPDAT1, RcLPCAT, RcDGAT2, and RcPDCT on bioenergy crop Camelina sativa. Furthermore, we determined NaCl or cold stress tolerance changes of transgenic Camelina. RcFAH12, RcPDAT1, RcLPCAT, RcDGAT2, and RcPDCT genes were cloned into multigene expression vector which is engineered with seed specific promoter of FAE1 or Napin. Combination of HFA genes multi-expression vector constructs were divided into Set3 (RcFAH12, RcPDAT1-2, RcLPCAT), Set4 (RcFAH12, RcDGAT2, RCPDAT1-2, RcLPCAT), and Set5 (RcFAH12, RcDGAT2, RCPDAT1-2, RcLPCAT, RcPDCT). Transgenic HFA synthesis Camelina plants were generated using agrobacterium-mediated vacuum infiltration system. Results of fatty acid composition of T1 transgenic Camelina seeds analyzed by GC-MS showed 9.5, 9.0, and 13.6 % of HFA contents in Set3#6, Set4#8, and Set5#10, respectively. Therefore, seeds of T2 generation were harvest from Set5#10 which is shown highest HFA contents, and, 17.7, 8.1 and 10.5 % of HFA contents were determined in Set5#10-5, Set5#10-8, and Set#10-10, respectively. However, 7.7% of C18:2 and 22.3 % of C18:3 among unsaturated fatty acids were decreased in Set5#10-5 than WT. Meanwhile, we confirmed abiotic stress responses in T2 transgenic Camelina Set5#10-5 and Set5#10-10 under 0, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl or 25, 15, and $10^{\circ}C$ temperature for 5 weeks. Both Set5#10-5 and Set5#10-10 showed lower growth in height than WT in control and NaCl condition. Growth of leaf length and width were similar in WT and Set5#10-10 but lower in Set5#10-5 under NaCl stress. Number of opened flowers showed that both transgenic Camelina were lower than WT under normal condition. But, WT and Set5#10-10 showed similar opened flower number in 100 and 200 mM NaCl. In cold stress, 15 and $10^{\circ}C$ treatment for 5 weeks did not showed significant changes in between WT and both transgenic lines even they showed different growth rate in control condition. Taken together, growth and development are delayed by expression of exogenous HFA related genes in transgenic lines but relative abiotic stress sensitivity is similar with WT. In conclusion, reduced C18:2 or C18:3 fatty acid composition of seed by HFA synthesis is resulted from lack of resource supplement for development at seedling stage but it is not affect NaCl and cold stress tolerance.

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In vitro control of plant pathogens by using anti-fungal hydroxy fatty acid obtained from microbial bioconversion of linolenic acid

  • Kang, Sun-Chul;Bajpai, Vivek K.;Kim, Hak-Ryul
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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    • pp.309-310
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    • 2005
  • Bioconverted linolenic acid (bLNA) obtained from linolenic acid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3, showed anti-fungal activity against plant pathogens such as B. cinerea, F. oxysporum, F. solani, P. capsici and C. capsici. The oil sample also showed anti-fungal activity with MIC values, ranging from >250 to >1,000 ${\mu}g/ml$. Varied concentrations of bLNA had a great potential effect on spore germination of different fungi.

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A Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus subtilis C9 Selected through the Oil Film-collapsing Assay

  • Kim, Hee-Sik;Lee, Chang-Ho;Suh, Hyun-Hyo;Ahn, Keug-Hyun;Oh, Hee-Mock;Kwon, Gi-Seok;Yang, Ji-Won;Yoon, Byung-Dae
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.180-188
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    • 1997
  • Bacillus subtilis C9 was selected by measuring the oil film-collapsing activity and produced biosurfactant in a medium containing glucose as a sole carbon source. The biosurfactant emulsified hydrocarbons, vegetable oils and crude oil, and lowered the surface tension of culture broth to 28 dyne/cm. A biosurfactant, C9-BS produced by B. subtilis C9 was purified by ultrafiltration, extraction with chloroform and methanol, adsorption chromatography, and preparative reversed phase HPLC. Structural analyses, IR spectroscopy, FAB mass spectroscopy, amino acid composition, and NMR analyses, demonstrated that C9-BS was a lipopeptide comprising a fatty acid tail and peptide moiety. The lipophilic part consisting of $C_{14}\;or\;C_{15}$ hydroxy fatty acid was linked to the hydrophilic peptide part, which contained seven amino acids (Glu-Leu-Leu-Val-Asp-Leu-Leu) with a lactone linkage.

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Carrot Juice Administration Decreases Liver Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 and Improves Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, but Not Steatosis in High Fructose Diet-Fed Weanling Wistar Rats

  • Mahesh, Malleswarapu;Bharathi, Munugala;Reddy, Mooli Raja Gopal;Kumar, Manchiryala Sravan;Putcha, Uday Kumar;Vajreswari, Ayyalasomayajula;Jeyakumar, Shanmugam M.
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.171-180
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    • 2016
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases associated with an altered lifestyle, besides genetic factors. The control and management of NAFLD mostly depend on lifestyle modifications, due to the lack of a specific therapeutic approach. In this context, we assessed the effect of carrot juice on the development of high fructose-induced hepatic steatosis. For this purpose, male weanling Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, fed either a control (Con) or high fructose (HFr) diet of AIN93G composition, with or without carrot juice (CJ) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, plasma biochemical markers, such as triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and ${\beta}$-hydroxy butyrate levels were comparable among the 4 groups. Although, the liver injury marker, aspartate aminotransferase, levels in plasma showed a reduction, hepatic triglycerides levels were not significantly reduced by carrot juice ingestion in the HFr diet-fed rats (HFr-CJ). On the other hand, the key triglyceride synthesis pathway enzyme, hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), expression at mRNA level was augmented by carrot juice ingestion, while their protein levels showed a significant reduction, which corroborated with decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids. Notably, it also improved the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6) content of the liver in HFr-CJ. In conclusion, carrot juice ingestion decreased the SCD1-mediated production of MUFA and improved DHA levels in liver, under high fructose diet-fed conditions. However, these changes did not significantly lower the hepatic triglyceride levels.

혈장 중 케톤체의 옥심-TMS 유도체화 후 GC-MS/SIM을 이용한 분석 (Determination of plasma ketone body following oximation-trimethylsily| derivatization using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry selected ion monitoring)

  • 윤혜란
    • 분석과학
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2016
  • 케톤체는 생체 에너지 생산과정이 탄수화물보다는 지방산의 의존도가 높을 때 생성되며, 과도한 분비는 당뇨병성 케토시스나 선천성 유전성 대사이상질환을 의심할 수 있는 근거가 된다. 따라서 이의 신속 정확한 분석법의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 혈장을 제단백한 후 hydroxylamine을 가하여 60 ℃에서 30 분간 반응시켜 oximation 후 BSTFA를 가한 후 trimethylsilylation 유도체화하여 혈장 중에서 케톤체를 신속하게 정량할 수 있는 GC-MS/SIM 분석법을 개발하였다. 케톤체의 직선성의 범위는 0.001-250 μg/mL 이었고, 혈장에서의 검출한계는 0.1 pg 이었다. 직선성을 가지는 범위에서의 상관계수(R2)는 0.998-0.999이었고, 회수율은 1 μg/mL의 표준품을 첨가하였을 때 88.2-92.3 %, 10 μg/mL의 농도를 첨가하였을 때 89.5-94.8 % 였으며 RSD는 6.3-9.4 %였다. 이 분석법을 정상인과 케토시스 환자의 검체에 적용하여 벨리데이션 하였으며, 본 분석방법은 어린이나 성인의 당뇨성 케토시스나 여러 유전성대사질환 환자 중 케토시스를 보이는 환자의 혈장 중 β-hydroxybutyric acid/acetoacetic acid의 비를 계산하여 케톤체를 신속하고 효율적으로 임상검체 분석에 응용할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

쌀겨 추출물로부터 스핑고당지질의 분리와 구조결정 (Isolation and Characterization of Major Glycosphingolipid from Rice Bran Extract)

  • ;;강병원
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.72-76
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    • 2007
  • 대표적인 스핑고지질인 글리코실세라미드의 생리적 기능을 조사하기 위하여 쌀겨 추출물로부터 cerebroside를 분리하였다. 정제하지 않은 글리코실세라미드를 flash system 칼럼으로 분리한 후 ELSD를 검출기로 사용하여 순상 HPLC로 정제하였다. 클로로포름 : 메탄올 : 증류수(99:11:1, v/v/v)을 용출용매로 사용하여 주요 cerebroside를 얻을 수 있었고, MALDI/TOF-MS, FAB-MS, GC, 600MHz $^1$H-NMR로 구조를 분석하였다. 구성당은 글루코오스였고 cerebroside의 구성 지방산은 2-hydroxy-arachidic산이었다. 장쇄 염기는 sphinga-4,8-dienine이었다.

고추역병균(疫病菌)(Phytophthora capsici)의 생물학적(生物學的) 방제(防除);Ⅲ. 항균물질(抗菌物質)의 구조분석(構造分析) (Biological Control of Phytophthora Blight of Red-pepper Caused by Phytophthora capsici.;Ⅲ. Identification of the Antifungal Substances Produced by Pseudomonas sp. A - 183.)

  • 장윤희;장상문;최정;이동훈
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1997
  • 고추 역병균(疫病菌)(P. capsici)에 우수(優秀)한 항균활성(抗菌活性)을 가진 3가지의 항균물질(抗菌物質)을 Pseudomonas sp. A-183 배양액(培養液)으로 부터 분리(分離) 정제(精製)하였다. 분리(分離)된 3가지의 항균물질(抗菌物質)에 대한 분자구조식(分子構造式)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 UV, IR, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR Spectroscopy법(法)으로 해석하였다. A와 B물질(物質)은 Molish 및 Anthrone반응(反應)에 양성(陽性)으로, Fehling반응(反應)에는 음성(陰性)으로 나타났으므로 nonreducing sugar구조(構造)를 함유(含有)하고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. C물질(物質)은 위의 시약(試藥)에서 정색반응(呈色反應)을 나타내지 않고 단지 UV흡수(吸收)만을 나타내었다. Mass, NMR 및 IR 분광분석(分光分析)에 의해 A와 B물질(物質)은 당(糖)으로는 deoxyhexose인 rhamnose를 포함하고 지방산으로는 ${\beta}-hydroxydecanoic$ acid를 포함하였다. 또 이들 사이에는 O-glycoside결합(結合)이 형성(形成)되어 있었으며 A와 B물질(物質) 사이에는 당(糖) 한분자(分子)의 차리(差異)가 나타났다. 종합적(綜合的)으로 A물질(物質)은 glycolipid B인 3-hydroxy-(3-hydroxydecanoyl) -decanoic acid $3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\to}2)rhamnopyranoside$, B물질(物質)은 glycolipid A인 3-hydroxy-(3`-hydroxydecanoyl)decanoic acid $3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranoside$로 동정(同定)되었으며, C물질(物質)은 phenazine으로 확인(確認)되었다.

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Functional Characterization of Drosophila melanogaster CYP6A8 Fatty Acid Hydroxylase

  • Sang-A Lee;Vitchan Kim;Byoungyun Choi;Hyein Lee;Young-Jin Chun;Kyoung Sang Cho;Donghak Kim
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.82-88
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    • 2023
  • Genomic analysis indicated that the genome of Drosophila melanogaster contains more than 80 cytochrome P450 genes. To date, the enzymatic activity of these P450s has not been extensively studied. Here, the biochemical properties of CYP6A8 were characterized. CYP6A8 was cloned into the pCW vector, and its recombinant enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using Ni2+-nitrilotriacetate affinity chromatography. Its expression level was approximately 130 nmol per liter of culture. Purified CYP6A8 exhibited a low-spin state in the absolute spectra of the ferric forms. Binding titration analysis indicated that lauric acid and capric acid produced type I spectral changes, with Kd values 28 ± 4 and 144 ± 20 µM, respectively. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the oxidation reaction of lauric acid produced (ω-1)-hydroxylated lauric acid as a major product and ω-hydroxy-lauric acid as a minor product. Steady-state kinetic analysis of lauric acid hydroxylation yielded a kcat value of 0.038 ± 0.002 min-1 and a Km value of 10 ± 2 µM. In addition, capric acid hydroxylation of CYP6A8 yielded kinetic parameters with a kcat value of 0.135 ± 0.007 min-1 and a Km value of 21 ± 4 µM. Because of the importance of various lipids as carbon sources, the metabolic analysis of fatty acids using CYP6A8 in this study can provide an understanding of the biochemical roles of P450 enzymes in many insects, including Drosophila melanogaster.

Lithium Dual Complex 그리이스의 합성 및 특성연구 (Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Dual Complex Grease)

  • 최웅수;권오관;문탁진;유영홍
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.80-87
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    • 1985
  • 고온에서 화학적역안정성 및 기계적안정성의 섬유구조를 갖기 위해 lithim complex gellant로 정한 지방산과 $LiOH\cdot H_2O$ 및 boric acid의 이차연속검화반응으로 lithium dual complex 그리이스를 합성하였다. complex gellant의 양은 14%(NLGI 2호)가 적정량이었으며, 특히 castor wax를 1.5% 첨가했을때 이상적인 성능을 나타냈다. 이렇게 합성한 그리이스의 유분리성, 산화안정성, 내수성, 혼화안정성, 극압 및 내마모성은 ASTM 및 KS 방법에 준해 시험하였으며, 매우 우수한 특성을 지녔음을 알았다.