• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1992

The effect of acid treatment of cellulose on the substitution charateristics of carboxymethylation was studied in this paper. Five samples of hydrocellulose(HC), all prepared from ${\alpha}$-cellulose by hydrolysis with five reaction times and determined on average molecular weight and polydispersity, were carboxymethylated to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The CMCs from HCs were examined upon degree of substitution(DS), distribution of carboxymethyl groups in anhydroglucose units of the cellulose, and unsubstituted anhydroglucose(USAG) content. The DS of CMCs increased with increasing the hydrolysis time except CMC from HC at 1 hour hydrolysis time. In carboxymethylation the availability of hydroxyl groups on anhydroglucose units in HCs was the highest on OH(2), and the relative availability of OH(6) increased with the increasing of the hydrolysis time. The USAG contents were more deviated than that calculated based on Spurlin's model, and had a strong tendency of decreasing with increasing the hydrolysis time. The reactivity of HC was lower than that of ${\alpha}$-cellulose and the relative availability of OH(6) in HC increased with the hydrolysis time.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.142-148
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• 1999

Tencel fabrics were treated with cellulase after mechanical prefibrillation treatment. SEM analysis was carried out to study morphological change of the treated fabric. The cellulase-treated Tencel fabrics were evaluated for weight loss and tensile strength. X-ray diffraction method, moisture regain, and K/S value were used to elucidate crystalline structural changes occurred by cellulase treatment. Degree of polymerization and copper number of the cellulase-treated fabrics were also measured to estimate effect of hydrolysis. SEM analysis indicated that with treatment of prefibrillation and cellulase, fibrils were produced and damage occurred deep into the fiber. Increases in concentration and time of cellulase treatment increased weight loss and decreased tensile strength retention of the treated fabrics. As cellulase hydrolysis progressed, degree of crystallinity, moisture regain and K/S value were not much changed. (Korean J Human Ecology 2(1) : 142∼148, 1999)

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.87-91
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• 1997

식혜에 함유된 이소말토올리고당과 밥알에 30unit/ml의 $\alpha$-아밀라아제, 글루코아밀라아제, $\alpha$-글루코시다아제, $\beta$-아밀라아제를 가하여 작용시킨 결과 글루코아밀라아제 외에는 일부밖에 가수분해하지 못하였다. 그리고, 인체의 효소인 $\alpha$-아밀라아제와 $\alpha$-글루코시다아제를 함께 작용시켜도 25% 이상 가수분해하지 못하므로 비피두스균의 활성인자로 작용할 것으로 보인다. 밥알은 물에 녹지 않기 때문에 식이섬유로도 작용할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.427-433
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• 1995

The optimal condition for hydrolysis of oyster was evaluated with proteases using response surface methodology(RSM). Among 11 commerical proteases, APLTM 440 was selected as the suitable protease for producing oyster hydrolysate on the basis of cost per unit enzyme activity. The effect of autolysis on degree of hydrolysis in oyster was negligible comparing to that of APL 440 protease treatment. From RSM and ridge analysis, the conditions favoring the highest degree of hydrolysis were pH 9.95, 61.1$^{\circ}C$, 2.64 hr reaction time, 49.2% substrate, and 0.35% enzyme/substrate ratio. Oyster hydrolysate prepared under optimal conditions shwoed virtually 51.98% of hydrolysis.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1125-1130
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• 1997

효소 분해에 의해 HVP를 생산하는데 있어서 여러 가지 효소의 조합, 효소 첨가 순서, pH, 산세척 등이 가수분해에 미치는 효과를 검토하였다 Endoprotease으로서 Neutrase와 Alcalase를 혼합하여 사용하는 것이 Alcalase를 단독 사용하는 것 보다 가수분해도가 높았으며 exoprotease인 Flavourzyme을 이용하여 2차 가수분해함으로써 60%이상의 가수분해도를 얻을 수 있었다. 2차 가수분해 시 원심분리에 의해 미반응 불용 성분을 제거하는 것은 가수분해도에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았고, 1차 가수분해 후 2차 원심분리의 수세수를 원료 현탁에 재사용하였을 경우 가수분해도 및 단백질 회수율을 높일 수 있었다. Ca이온의 첨가에 의한 Neutrase의 안정화 효과는 가수분해도에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 탄수화물 분해효소의 사용과 산세척의 반복에 의해 가수분해도와 생산물의 단백질 함량이 각각 증가함을 알 수 있었다. Endoprotease과 exoprotease을 별도로 각각 처리하기보다는 동시 처리하는 것이 가수분해에 효율적이었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2004

The preparation of responsive fibers from acrylic fibers is studied. Various responsive fibers, such as fibers which change their color on exposure to light or with change in temperature, have been developed and are used commercially However, the responsive material in these fibers are not the fiber itself but chemicals in microcapsules attached to the fibers by finishing, and few fibers exhibit responsive properties by itself. The partial hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile fibers to obtain pH responsive fibers is presented in this paper. Partial hydrolysis was effected by control of the concentration of the sodium hydroxide used in the hydrolysis, hydrolysis temperature and time. The degree of hydrolysis was evaluated by nitrogen content of the hydrolyzed fibers and their response, change in length, to aqueous solutions of varying pH was studied by continually changing the pH. Significant changes in lengths with pH were observed and the gel transition behavior varied with the conditions of hydrolysis. The hysteresis of the length change was also studied to evaluate the possibilities of using hydrolyzed acrylic fibers as pH sensors.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.513-518
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• 1992

탈지유채박(Brassica napus var. Youngsan)으로부터 추출, 정제하여 얻어진 유채단백질을 효소로 가수분해하기 위한 최적조건에 대하여 검토하였다. Pronase가 유채단백질에서 alcalase, neutrase보다 높은 활성을 나타내었고, 유채단백질의 가열처리는 pronase의 활성을 감소시켰다. 또한 유채단백질의 가수분해도는 완충액보다는 증류수에서 더 높은 결과를 얻었다. 시간별로는 1시간까지는 급속히 반응이 일어나나 그 이후는 완만해졌다. Pronase에 의한 유채단백질의 가수분해 최적조건은 $40^{\circ}C$와 pH 8.0이었고 효소 대 기질의 비와 기질 농도는 각각 1/100(w/w), 1%(w/v)이었다. 이와 같은 조건하에서 Km은 3.48%(w/v)를 얻었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.621-625
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• 1998

The raw starch hydrolysis by amylase prepared from alkaline-tolerant Bacillus sp. were investigated. Degree of hydrolysis(%) of 5%(w/v) raw rice, corn and potato starch by this enzyme were about 40, 25 and 20%, respectively. The hydrolysis action on raw starch by change of blue value was similar to the action pattern of exo ${\beta}$-amylase. The hydrolysis products of rice starch were mainly glucose and maltose. Oligosaccarides were also detected. From the above results, this enzyme was considered as exo type ${\alpha}$-amylase. This enzyme activity on the raw starch and the gelatinized starch were 28.40 and 86.60 IU/mg protein, respectively, and the ratio of raw starch-digesting activity to gelatinized starch-digesting activity (raw starch digestivity) was about 32%. The Km values for the raw and the gelatinized starch were 4.22 and 3.0mg/mL, respectively, and the VmaX values were 0.20 and 0.31mg/mL/min, respectively.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.646-653
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• 2017

Alcalase hydrolysis of liquid egg white was used to produce 5-hydroxytryptophan (HTP) under various conditions and investigate the sleep-potentiating activity of liquid egg white hydrolysate (LEH) on pentobarbital-induced sleep. Alcalase hydrolysis yielded the highest content of 5-HTP ($13.50{\mu}g/mL$), while neutrase hydrolysis showed the lowest 5-HTP content ($5.23{\mu}g/mL$). The liquid egg white to water ratio (1:1) was optimal for the production of 5-HTP with high amino-nitrogen (A-N) content and degree of hydrolysis. The 5-HTP, amino-nitrogen, and degree of hydrolysis increased until 24 h of hydrolysis and slightly increased thereafter during hydrolysis with 2% and 5% enzyme addition. 5-HTP administration at doses of 6 and 9 mg/kg significantly increased sleep duration and decreased sleep latency time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). LEH (150 mg/mouse), which was equivalent to 5-HTP at 6 mg/kg, significantly decreased sleep latency time and increased sleep duration time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). Oral administration of LEH showed sleep-potentiating effects because of 5-HTP. The sleep-potentiating activity of LEH may have occurred through 5-HTP in our pentobarbital-induced sleep model. LEH may be a valuable alternative to sleep enhancement and may be used as a sleep-potentiating agent.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1487-1496
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to look for optimal preparation of hydrolysates of desalted duck egg white powder (DDEWP) by the three different proteases and to investigate their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Methods: DDEWP was hydrolyzed by three proteases, including pepsin (PEP), Bacillus spp. (BA) and natokinase (NAT) with three different enzyme concentrations (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%), individually. The important key hydrolysis parameters such as hydrolysis degree, yield, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were evaluated in this experiment. Results: The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of all treatments increased with increasing hydrolysis time and protease concentrations. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the hydrolysates were affected by type and concentration of protease as well as hydrolysis time. Hydrolysis of PEP significantly (p<0.05) obtained the highest yield of hydrolysates, however, both of BA and NAT showed substantially lower DH values and still did not exceed 5% by the end of hydrolysis. Among the different hydrolysates, PEP exhibited significantly higher 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than BA and NAT. All DDEWP hydrolysates from PEP had low ferrous ion chelating activity (<37%) that was significantly lower than that of NAT (>37% to 92%) and BA (30% to 79%). Besides, DDEWP hydrolysates of PEP presented significantly higher reducing power than BA and NAT. In antimicrobial activities, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not effectively inhibited by any DDEWP hydrolysates of PEP except for Staphylococcus aureus. Especially, the excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus only was displayed in DDEWP hydrolysates of PEP 0.1%. Conclusion: DDEWP hydrolysates from PEP demonstrated significantly better DH, yield, DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power, furthermore, had excellent inhibitory on S. aureus due to large clear zone and moderated inhibitory in bactericidal inhibition.