• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.16-29
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• 2017

북한에서는 1990년대 이후 경제실패로 인해 대규모의 산림파괴가 이루어 진 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이는 결과적으로 수문순환의 특성을 크게 변화시켰을 것으로 예측되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 확인하기 위해 지표수문해석모형인 VIC 모형을 이용하여 한반도 전역을 대상으로 1981년부터 2013년까지 약 30여년의 기간에 대해 수문순환모의를 수행하였다. 모의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 유출률의 경우, 남한에서는 55%~70%, 북한에서는 38%~56% 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 특히 유출률 자체가 작음에도 불구하고 그 변동폭은 남한의 15% 보다 큰 28% 정도임에 주목할 필요가 있다. 증발산률은 북한이 남한보다 크게 나타났다. 즉, 남한에서는 증발산률이 20~35%, 북한에서는 25%~46%로 나타났다. 그러나 그 변동폭은 북한의 경우가 21%로 남한의 15%에 비해 다소 크게 나타났다. 셋째, 토양수분량의 경우 남한의 평균이 34%, 북한의 평균은 27%로 남한이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 유출률과 증발산률의 모의 결과와는 달리 토양수분은 전 기간에 걸쳐 남한과 북한이 변동성 차이가 8% 내외로 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 결과를 통해 특히 북한의 산림파괴가 본격적으로 이루어진 1990년대 이후 남한과 북한의 수문순환 특성의 차이가 확대되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 남한의 경우에는 유역별 수문순환 특성의 차이가 미미한데 비해, 북한의 경우에는 확연히 다른 차이를 보여주고 있는데, 이 역시 산림파괴의 영향 차이가 반영된 결과로 추측된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.4-4
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• 2020

Three wildfires severely damaged local towns and forests in Gangwon-do, South Korea in 2019 April 4-5. Local hydrological regime could be greatly altered by the wildfires, therefore it is important to assess its damage (e.g. area and severity) and also resultant changes in hydrological fluxes. We retrieved the Normalized-Burned Ratio (NBR) index using remote-sensing data (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 500-m 8-day surface reflectance data), and delineated the damaged-area based on the difference in the NBR (dNBR) before and after the wildfires. We then estimated changes in the annual evapotranspiration (AET) in 2019 using the MODIS evapotranspiration data (500-m 8-day). It was found that the damaged-area of the three wildfires was 29.50 km^2 in total, which take up 1.00-6.19% area of five catchments. It was estimated that the AET would be decreased as 0.05-1.56% over those five catchments, as compared to the pre-fire AET (2004-2018). The impact of the wildfires on the catchment AET was less severe than expected (i.e. up to 1.56%) mostly because two big wildfires were distributed across two catchments respectively (i.e. four catchments for the two wildfires) and the other wildfire was small and not severe. This study highlights the importance of assessing the area and severity of a wildfire when estimating its impact on the local hydrological cycle.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2021

도시 개발로 인한 영향을 최소화하여 물 순환 체계를 개선하기 위해서는 적극적인 강우유출수 관리가 필수적이다. 최근에는 도시의 강우유출수 관리를 위한 저영향개발(Low Impact Development, LID) 기법이 합리적인 대안으로 주목받고 있다. Storm Water Management Model(SWMM)은 LID 모듈을 통해 다양한 GI(Green Infra) 시설에 대한 모의 기능을 제공하고 있어 도시 물순환 개선 사업에 적극 활용되고 있다. 그러나 SWMM을 이용하여 GI 시설을 모의하기 위해서는 복잡한 유역 설정과 GI 시설 배치에 많은 어려움이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 GI 시설의 핵심적인 수문 프로세스를 구현하면서도 상대적으로 간단하게 GI 시설의 성능을 평가할 수 있는 모형이 제안된다. 제안된 모형은 수문학적 추적을 기반으로 작동되므로 GI 시설의 침투, 저류, 증발산을 모두 반영할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 GI 시설에 의한 도시 물순환 개선 효과를 정량적으로 평가할 수 있다. 제안된 모형의 결과와 SWMM의 결과를 비교함으로써 제안된 모형의 적용성을 검증하였다. 더붙여서 SWMM의 투수성 포장 모의에서 발생되는 오류에 대한 논의가 포함된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2012

This study is to analyse the hydrological behavior of agricultural reservoir using CAT (Catchment hydrologic cycle Assessment Tool). The CAT is a water cycle analysis model in order to quantitatively assess the characteristics of the short/long-term changes in watershed. It supports the effective design of water cycle improvement facilities by supplementing the strengths and weaknesses of existing conceptual parameter-based lumped hydrologic models and physical parameter-based distributed hydrologic models. The CAT especially supports the analysis of runoff processes in paddy fields and reservoirs. To evaluate the impact of agricultural reservoir operation and irrigation water supply on long-term rainfall-runoff process, the CAT was applied to Idong experimental catchment, operated for research on the rural catchment characteristics and accumulated long term data by hydrological observation equipments since 2000. From the results of the main control points, Idong, Yongdeok and Misan reservoirs, the daily water levels of those points are consistent well with observed water levels, and the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiencies were 0.32~0.89 (2001~2007) and correlation coefficients were 0.73~0.98.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

In this study, thermal-hydrological-chemical modeling for the alteration of a bentonite buffer is carried out using a simulation code TOUGHREACT. The modeling results show that the water saturation of bentonite steadily increases and finally the bentonite is fully saturated after 10 years. In addition, the temperature rapidly increases and stabilizes after 0.5 year, exhibiting a constant thermal gradient as a function of distance from the copper tube. The change of thermal-hydrological conditions mainly results in the alteration of anhydrite and calcite. Anhydrite and calcite are dissolved along with the inflow of groundwater. They then tend to precipitate in the vicinity of the copper tube due to its high temperature. This behavior induces a slight decrease in porosity and permeability of bentonite near the copper tube. Furthermore, this study finds that the diffusion coefficient can significantly affect the alteration of anhydrite and calcite, which causes changes in the hydrological properties of bentonite such as porosity and permeability. This study may facilitate the safety assessment of high-level radioactive waste repositories.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2013

The impervious area on the surface of urban area has been increased as buildings and artificial land cover have continually been increased. Urban development has gradually decreased the green zone in downtown and alienated the city from the natural environment on outskirt area devastating the natural ecosystem. There arise the environmental problems to urban area including urban heat island phenomenon, urban flood, air pollution and urban desertification. As one of urban plans to solve such problems, green roof system is attracting attentions. The purpose of this study was to investigate flood discharge and heat reduction effect according to the green roof system and to quantify effect by analyzing through simulation water and heat cycle before and after green roof system. For the analysis, Distributed hydrologic model, WEP (Water and Energy transfer Processes) and WEP+ model were used. WEP was developed by Dr. Jia, the Public Works Research Institute in Japan (Jia et al., 2005), which can simulate water and heat cycle of an urban area with complex land uses including calculation of spatial and temporal distributions of water and heat cycle components. The WEP+ is a visualization and analysis system for the WEP model developed by Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT).

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.303-305
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• 2022

우리나라는 지형학적, 수문학적 특성상 연중편차가 심한 물순환 특성을 보이고 있고, 최근에는 지구온난화와 기상이변 등으로 인해 수문현상의 변동성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 따라서 홍수, 가뭄 등 수문현상을 신속하게 파악하고 대비하기 위해서는 최신 ICT 기술을 융합한 과학적인 물관리의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 이에 K-water는 인공위성을 통해 실시간으로 수집하고 있는 수문자료와 GIS, CCTV를 연계하여 현장의 상황을 보다 직관적으로 확인할 수 있는 실시간 수문정보시스템(HDAPS : Hydrological Data Acquisition and Processing System)을 운영하여 홍수와 가뭄에 대비하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 K-water의 실시간 수문정보시스템을 소개하고 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하기 위한 활용방안을 고찰해 보고자 한다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.1379-1380
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• 2005

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2020

Recently, since impervious areas have increased due to urban development, the water cycle system of urban watersheds has been destructed. Hence, researches on LID (Low Impact Development) technique have been conducted to solve such problems environmentally. In order to verify suitability with the scale and arrangement of LID technique, the runoff reduction effect of the LID technique should be analyzed per small watershed unit. In this study, pre-post difference of the runoff by applying the LID was estimated using the rational method and rainwater treatment capacity equation. As a result, the runoff before and after the application of LID were estimated as 22,533.5 ㎥ and 14,992.1 ㎥, respectively. In addition, rainfall-runoff simulations were carried out using SWMM to evaluate the efficiency of the LID technique. The SWMM simulation results showed that the runoff before and after the application of LID were 21,174 ㎥ and 15,664 ㎥, respectively. Based on the results of the two methods, the scale and arrangement of the LID technique were revised in order to maximize the effect of the water cycle improvement. Rainfall-runoff simulations were carried out using the SWMM with the revised LID techniques. As a result, despite 34.8 % reduction of pervious pavement area, the rate of runoff reduction increased by 2.1 %. These results indicate that designing the scale and arrangement of LID technique, while considering the total amount of inflow entering into each LID techniques, is essential to effectively achieve the goals of runoff reduction in urban development.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2001

The hydrological cycle system in the city is generally characterized by quick runoff, bad infiltration, low evaporation rate, and so on. It is caused by sealing greens up with pavements. Also, there are lots of contradictory environmental problems, such as inundation, the lack of underground water and dryness in the city, caused by the urban drainage system which is mostly focused on the quick draining off rainfall. In addition, the technique joining rain and sewage, which has more dangers of inundation, occupies 66% between two Korean drainage systems which consist of joining and dividing system. There has been some need to convert the present drainage system into the environmentally friendly hydrological cycle system. This is a theoretical study to examine some foreign cases and suggested applicable methods in our country, focusing on the environmentalyl friendly system of rainfall drainage. The precipitation treatment system can be made up of some possible phases choosing from premanagement, utilization, infiltration, retention, and inducement phases. Therefore, this study mostly focused on infiltration, retention, and inducement phases. It is necessary to suggest the multifunctional utilization of outdoor spaces, especially applying in new constructing and re-constructing residential estates.