• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2015

This study is based on deductions from analysis of historical changes in hydrographic surveys, the problems with the existing system in Korea and analysis of the literature, including foreign cases. Using these criteria, we created and administered a survey of marine professionals of Korea, and based on the results, established an order of priority for hydrographic surveys, as follows: changes in the seabed, quantities of marine traffic, existing performance data from hydrographic survey, consumer's demand, marine accidents, conservation of oceanic environment, and natural resources. The study also deduced, based on a survey of experts, the relative importance ranking of the major ports in South Korea and suggests policy implications and a priority decision model to conduct future hydrographic surveys in a more scientific and systematic way.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.560-566
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• 2010

Port of Samcheonpo, designated as a Trading Port, is constructing New Port for the increase in trade and the requirement of maritime safety is growing. To meet these requirement for maritime safety, hydrographic surveying around south sea area of Samcheonpo using Multibeam Echo Sounder(MBES), DGPS etc was conducted. In this study, major item of hydrographic surveying such as sounding data was acquired and analyzed depth data comparing with vertical uncertainty in the special publication for hydrographic minimum specification published in Feb, 2008 by International Hydrographic Organization. By analyzing the depth data with 3 steps procedure, the port and starboard beam by removing the outskirts of the data processing could improve the efficiency and accuracy. The error of south sea were about 0.2m and the upper central part of the error were within 0.2m. Depth data of the study area are included in the 99% of 1st order and satisfied with a 100% tolerance of special order based on the international hydrograhic survey standard. This study will be a good case to support efficient decision-making for safe navigation, coastal management.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.103-117
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• 2017

This note provides technical guide on three issues associated with establishing and automatically running regional ocean forecasting systems: (1) a strategy for continuous production of hourly-interval three-day ocean forecast data, (2) the daily download of ocean and atmospheric forecasting data (i.e., HYCOM and NOAA/NCEP GFS data), which are provided by outside institutions and used as initial condition, surface forcing, and boundary data for regional ocean models, and (3) error notifications to numerical model managers through the Short Message Service (SMS). Guidance on dealing with these three issues is illustrated via solutions implemented by the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency, since in embarking on this project we found that this procedural information was not readily available elsewhere. This technical guide is based on our experiences and lessons learned during the process of establishing and operating regional ocean forecasting systems for the East Sea and the Yellow and East China Seas over the 5 year period of 2012-2016. The fundamental approach and techniques outlined in this guide are of use to anyone wanting to establish an automatic regional and coastal ocean forecasting system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.613-620
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• 2011

In order to perform scientific evaluation of dredge results, it is needed to construct the system which is able to manage and evaluate the work process by monitoring in real-time the dredge process such as dredge ship position, dredge depth and dredge volume. This research aims to develop the hydrographic dredge surveying system adding water depth measurement method to both precise positioning and navigation methods using GPS, which allows a high rate of measurement and long distances between the control point and dredging points, operate in all weather conditions, and does not require line of sight to points. We constructed Beacon DGPS-based hydrographic dredger guidance and position management system and developed the operation program which makes the dredge operation perform as monitoring work situation in real-time. It is expected that this developed system will be able to contributes to reducing ultimately the cost in hydrographic dredging or hydrographic construction industries.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2018

In this study, In this study, the Datum Level-based hydrography surveying system and the ellipsoid-based system were analyzed to acquire more consistent depth data. For the study, the ellipsoid-based surveying for hydrography was conducted twice for the same track line. And the depth was calculated by correcting rise and fall of water level (water level change by tidal energy and other marine environmental energies) respectively by the traditional water level correction method and ellipsoidally referenced water level correction method. there is able to check that Ellipsoid-based hydrographic surveying data is more improved than Datum Level-based hydrographic surveying data in aspect of level difference phenomenon in the same area (surveying line). This result shows that if the Ellipsoid-based hydrographic surveying is performed, the sea level change (tidal energy and other marine environmental energy) of the survey area in real time could be reflected to more consistent generating bathymetric data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.146-157
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• 2019

Recently, the importance of highly accurate bathymetric data is greatly emphasized by the increased use of the ocean numerical models and research results in major areas such as ocean forecasting and natural disaster. There are domestic bathymetric data mainly used in ocean numerical models of Choi et al.(2002) and Seo (2008), but the production year is old and the data was created on the basis of nautical charts. Nautical charts are made for the purpose of navigation and based on the minimum depth from bathymetric data, so there is a limitation to reproduce the actual submarine topography. Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) produces nautical charts every year through continuous bathymetric survey, but no bathymetric data for numerical models have been produced. In this study, using the raw bathymetric survey data, we built an exclusive bathymetric dataset (BADA Ver.1) for ocean numerical models and compared it with published bathymetric data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2016

The distribution of seabed rock in the coastal area is relevant to navigation safety and development of ocean resources where it is an essential hydrographic measurement. Currently, the distribution of seabed rock relies on interpretations of water depth data or point based bottom materials survey methods, which have low efficiency. This study uses the airborne bathymetric Lidar data and the hyperspectral image to detect seabed rock in the coastal area of the East Sea. Airborne bathymetric Lidar data detected seabed rocks with texture information that provided 88% accuracy and 24% commission error. Using the airborne hyperspectral image, a classification result of rock and sand gave 79% accuracy, 11% commission error and 7% omission error. The texture data and hyperspectral image were fused to overcome the limitations of individual data. The classification result using fused data showed an improved result with 96% accuracy, 6% commission error and 1% omission error.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.167-173
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• 2009

Bathymetry survey around the Baengnyeong-do was made by the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration (KHOA), using the Simrad EM3000 Multi-Beam EchoSounder (MBES) mounted at the hull of the R/V Badaro 1. Sound velocity were monitored with frequent sound velocity profiler(SVP) casts during the acoustic measurements. The depth distribution and fluctuation of thermocline varied locally owing to the effect of several current flows such as Kuroshio current and Yellow sea coastal waters. These uncertainties cause the falling-off in accuracy of MBES results. In this paper, the bathymetry results will be presented and their accuracy will be discussed along with comparisons to the time and spatial variations in sound velocity profile.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.218-223
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• 1999

국제 수로 기구(IHO, International Hydrographic Organization)에서는 해도제작을 위한 해양조사의 기준을 마련하고, 전세계적으로 사용되는 해도의 정확도를 표준화하고 있다. IHO에서는 탐사 기술의 발달을 반영하여, 기존의 단 빔 음향 측심기 이외에도 멀티 빔 음향 측심기(Multibeam Echo Sounder)와 사이드 스캔 소나(Side Scan Sonar)를 이용한 해양 탐사 시에 요구되는 정확도와 탐사 자료에 대한 메타 데이터(Metadata)의 작성을 요구하고 있다. 본 논문은 수로 측량에서 얻어진 측량 자료들의 처리절차와 자료관리 기법에 대한 연구이다. IHO 해양탐사 기준에 맞는 탐사 자료 처리와, 메타 데이터를 자동으로 생성하여 측량자료관리 DB구축 및 관리를 주 기능으로 하는 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 특히, 본 논문은 해양 탐사 자료 처리 시스템을 개발하기 위하여, 해양 자료 처리 과정을 표준화하고, 국제적 해양 자료의 교환 표준인 MGD77과 호환 가능한 메타 데이터를 자동 생성하며, 1Hz로 수집되는 GPS 측위자료로부터 특징점(Waypoint)을 정의하고, 이를 추출하여 측심선을 벡터화 (Trackline Vectorizing) 하는 알고리즘을 구현한다. 개발된 시스템은 현재 국립 해양조사원의 해양2000호에서 획득된 탐사자료에 적용, 운영되고 있다.

• 한국지형공간정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.167-173
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• 2004

The erosion(or sediment) reaches very serious level due to the aftermath by the imprudent reclamation on the coast. Continuous studies for long on coastline erosion may be warranted and possible countermeasures proposed because the change of the coastline has been progressed slowly for a long period of time in a wide area. Many experts anticipate that the global sea level's average increase by 19-35 cm due to global warming may certainly have an effect on the coastal erosion throughout the world. Thus, a more rigorous study on the causes of changing coastlines is particularly proposed to find ways to counteract any possible threats against coastal environments. In this study, Ortho aerial photo and hydrographic survey datum were utilized to quantitatively analyze coastal erosion and sediment patterns. This paper also seeks to prove that a parcel under the sea occurred due to relatively significant changes to the coastline. We created Ortho aerial photo using aerial photos taken each decade ('81, '93, '00), overlaid them onto a cadastral registration map, and calculated each amount of erosion and sediment while accounting for the tide level and without considering it. As the result of this study, we could propose that the methods of Ortho aerial photo and the marine observation datum were the effective ways of change detection in erosion, sediment, and artificial reclamation of the coastline for a long time.