• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2011

Recently, superconductor flywheel energy storage systems (SFESs) have been developed for application to a regenerative power of train, a power quality improvement, the storage of distributed power sources such as solar and wind power, and a load leveling. As the high temperature superconductor (HTS) bearings offer dynamic stability without the use of active control, accurate analysis of the HTS bearing is very important for application to SFESs. Mechanical property of a HTS bearing is the main index for evaluating the capacity of an HTS bearing and is determined by the interaction between the HTS bulks and the permanent magnet (PM) rotor. HTS bearing rotor consists of PM and iron collector and the proper dimension design of them is very important to determine a supporting characteristics. In this study, we have optimized a rotor magnet array, which depends on the limited bulk size and performed various dimension layouts for thickness of the pole pitch and iron collector. HTS bearing rotor was installed into a single axis universal test machine for a stiffness test. A hydraulic pump was used to control the amplitude and frequency of the rotor vibration. As a result, the stiffness result showed a large difference more than 30 % according to the thickness of permanent magnet and iron collector. This is closely related to the bulk stiffness controlled by flux pining area, which is limited by the total bulk dimension. Finally, the optimized HTS bearing rotor was installed into a flywheel system for a dynamic stability test. We discussed the dynamic properties of the superconductor bearing rotor and these results can be used for the optimal design of HTS bearings of the 10kWh SFESs.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 우주발사체용 복합재 산화제탱크의 구조 강건성을 검증하기 위해 수행된 정하중시험 결과를 제시하였다. 먼저, 복합재 산화제탱크 정하중시험에 사용된 시험장비를 소개하고, 복합재 산화제탱크가 만족해야 하는 시험 요구도를 설명하였다. 그리고, 정하중 시험치구, 유압, 제어장비, 데이터획득장비로 구성되는 시험셋업 구성도를 제시하였고, 전단, 등가압축, 굽힘, 조합시험으로 구성된 복합재 산화제탱크 정하중 시험의 하중 프로파일을 제시하였다. 하중 제어의 결과로 시험하중 증가에 따른 각 하중부과기에서 입력하중과 출력하중 사이의 오차와 각 로드셀 A와 b 채널사이의 오차를 제시하여 본 시험의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 정하중 시험 결과로, 각 시험에서 하중부과기의 하중은 허용 오차 범위 내에서 적절히 잘 제어되었으며, 시험시편도 요구 하중 내에서 파손이나 심각한 구조적 결함을 유발하는 좌굴은 발생하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 메틸 셀룰로오스를 기반으로 제작한 박테리아 펠렛을 모르타르에 혼입하였으며, 펠렛 혼입에 따른 모르타르 내부 생존률과 강도, 정수위 투수실험에 의한 균열 치유율을 조사하였다. 펠렛은 복합 배양한 박테리아 포자 분말과 메틸셀룰로오스, PVA 영양소 2종과 물로 이루어져 있으며, 유압 프레스를 통해 압출되어 지름 2mm~길이 3~4mm의 형상을 갖는다. 셀룰로오스 펠렛은 중성 pH에서 팽창하여 박테리아와 영양소를 방출하고, 염기성 환경에서 반응하지 않는 성질을 띄어 시멘트 모르타르 내부 박테리아의 장기 생존률이 증대하는 효과가 있다. 또한 펠렛 혼입 모르타르는 정수위 투수실험을 통한 균열 자기치유 성능이 대조군 모르타르에 비해 현저히 상승하였다. 셀룰로오스 기반 펠렛은 새로운 종류의 박테리아 담체 시스템으로 추후 펠렛 개량 및 최적화로 자기치유 콘크리트 개발에 도움을 줄 것이다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2011

금강수계의 논산 양지리에 위치한 인공습지는 축산폐수처리시설에서 방류되는 처리수의 추가처리와 함께 강우시 유역에서 유출되는 비점오염물질을 처리하기 위하여 설치되었다. 본 시설은 2008년 설치된 이후부터 시설검증을 위한 모니터링을 수행중에 있으며 본 연구결과는 시설의 설치 직후로부터 1년간의 모니터링 결과를 정리한 것이다. 모니터링 결과, 평균 오염물질 저감효율은 TSS가 86%, BOD가 60%, TN은 45%, TP의 경우 70%로 산정되었다. 대부분의 모니터링에서 입자상 물질과 인의 평균 저감효율이 60% 이상의 높은 저감효율을 보이는 반면 질소의 경우 축산폐수의 높은 질소농도에 비해 낮은 유기물 농도에 의하여 낮은 저감효율을 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 유출수내 질소제거능 향상을 위해서는 긴 수리학적 체류시간 및 추가적 DO공급이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2008

Studies on visible-light-driven photocatalysis of air pollutants at indoor air quality (IAQ) levels have been limited. Current study investigated visible-light derived photocatalysis with N-doped and S-doped titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) for the control of benzene at indoor levels. Two preparation processes were employed for each of the two types of photocatalyst: urea-Degussa P-25 $TiO_2$ and titania-colloid methods for the N-doped $TiO_2$; and titanium isopropoxid- and tetraisopropoxide-thiourea methods for the S-doped $TiO_2$. Furthermore, two coating methods (EDTA- and acetylacetone-dissolving methods) were tested for both the N-doped and S-doped $TiO_2$. The two coating methods exhibited different photocatalytic degradation efficiency for the N-doped photocatalysts, whereas they did not exhibit any difference for the S-doped photocatalysts. In addition, the two doping processes showed different photocatalytic degradation efficiency for both the S-doped and N-doped photocatalysts. For both the N-doped and S-doped $TiO_2$, the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) efficiency increased as the hydraulic diameter (HD) decreased. The degradation efficiency determined via a PCO system with visible-light induced $TiO_2$ was lower than that with UV-light induced unmodified $TiO_2$, which was obtained from previous studies. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that for the photocatalytic annular reactor with the HD of 0.5 cm, PCO efficiency increased up to 52% for the N-doped $TiO_2$ and 60% for the S-doped $TiO_2$. Consequently, when combined with the advantage of visible light use over UV light use, it is suggested that with appropriate HD conditions, the visible-light-assisted photocatalytic systems can also become an important tool for improving IAQ.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2000

In hydraulic control system turbine and gear motor type flowmeters are widely used to measure the flow rate under steady flow conditions. With the recent growth of interest in the measurement of instantaneous values of unsteady flow rate the test of the transient response of these flowmeters are in some significance. however an unsteady flow rate mea-surment and its calibration method with a fast response and a high accuracy have not beendeveloped. In this research particularly the dynamic characteristics of turbine and gear motor type flowmeters are investigated experimentally and simple mathematical models are proposed. The measured flow rate waveforms are compared with those by remote instan-taneous flow rate measurement method(RIFM) which has been developed by author and used for calibration As the result of frequency response test gain and phase between the measured flow rate waveforms by turbine type flowmeter and those estimated by RIFM are in good agreement up to 70Hz For the gear motor type flowmeter th simulated results by a math-ematical model proposed here agree well with the experiment nearly up to 100Hz. Also it if sound that the pressure drop across the flowmeter is increased in proportion to the frequency of the flow rate variation in a high frequency region of more than 100Hz. It can be explained that the dealy of gear motor type flowmeter in high frequency regionis mainly attributed to a first order delay consisting of the inertia of gears and internal leakage of the gear motor.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5D호
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• pp.705-717
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• 2011

타워크레인은 건설현장의 전체 자재인양 중 약 50%의 물량을 인양하는 양중 장비로 그 수는 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있으나, 건설현장에서의 소홀한 안전관리로 타워크레인 관련 안전사고는 매년 지속적으로 발생되고 있는 실정이다. 특히, 텔레스코핑 작업은 타워크레인 설치단계에서 텔레스코핑 케이지를 유압으로 상승시킨 후 생긴 빈 공간에 새로운 마스트를 삽입하여 요구 높이까지 상승시키는 작업으로 고소에서 다수의 작업자가 동시에 작업을 실시하여 추락 및 낙하의 위험성이 존재하는 등 타 작업에 비해 재해사례 비중이 가장 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 타워크레인 작업 중 특히 위험성이 높은 것으로 조사 및 분석된 텔레스코핑 작업의 안전성 및 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있는 타워크레인 텔레스코핑 자동화기술의 개념모델을 제안하고 이에 대한 안전성 측면에서의 잠재적 성능을 분석함으로써 향후 타워크레인 텔레스코핑 자동화기술 실물 제작을 위한 원천자료를 제공하는 것이다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2002

균열암반내에 시추된 7개의 양수정에서 양수시험을 실시하였다, 여기에서 각 양수율에 따른 수위강하값을 구하였으며, 비평형상태하에서의 단계양수시험은 Cooper-Jacob의 방법에 의해 양수시간을 보정하였다 양수정에서의 대수층 손실상수, 우물손실상수 및 우물손실지수(n)의 산출은 최소제곱법(method of the least square)을 이용한 회귀분석 방법을 이용하였으며, n값의 범위는 1.65∼6.48로 산출되었다. 균열암반내에 시추된 양수정의 우물손실은 케이싱이나, 시추시 발생되는 공벽의 공극감소 등의 영향보다는 방사상흐름에 따른 양수정부근에서의 난류에 의한 영향이 대부분일 것으로 해석된다. 또한 이 난류는 레이놀즈의 수(Reynolds number)에 좌우되는데, 여기에서 암반대수층내의 균열 특성이 유체의 속도를 지배하므로 정확한 n값의 산출은 암반대수층을 이해하는데 중요한 인자가 될 것이다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2017

In vertical hydro/hydraulic power turbine-generator applications, traditionally, cylindrical turbine guide bearings (TGBs) are widely used to provide turbine runner shafts with smooth rotation guides and supports. All existing cylindrical TGBs with simple plain pads have drawbacks such as having no pressure generation and film stiffness at the no-load condition and in addition, at the low-load/low-eccentricity condition, having very low film stiffness values and lacking design credibility in the stiffness values themselves. In this paper, in order to fundamentally improve the low-load/low-eccentricity performance of conventional cylindrical TGBs and thus enhance their design-application availability and usefulness, we propose to introduce a rotation-directional leading-edge taper to each partitioned pad, i.e., a pad leading-edge taper. We perform a design analysis of lubrication performance on $4-Pad{\times}4-Row$ cylindrical TGBs to verify an engineering/technical usefulness of the proposed pad leading-edge taper. Analysis results show that by introducing the leading-edge taper to each pad of the cylindrical TGB one can expect a constant high average direct stiffness with a high degree of design credibility, regardless of load value, even at the low-load/low-eccentricity condition and also control the average direct stiffness value by exploring the taper height as a design parameter. Therefore, we conclude that the proposed pad leading-edge tapers are greatly effective in more accurately predicting and controlling rotordynamic characteristics of vertical hydro-power turbine-generator rotor-bearing systems to which cylindrical TGBs are applied.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2015

The accident at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011, caused by an earthquake and a subsequent tsunami, resulted in a failure of the power systems that are needed to cool the reactors at the plant. The accident progression in the absence of heat removal systems caused Units 1-3 to undergo fuel melting. Containment pressurization and hydrogen explosions ultimately resulted in the escape of radioactivity from reactor containments into the atmosphere and ocean. Problems in containment venting operation, leakage from primary containment boundary to the reactor building, improper functioning of standby gas treatment system (SGTS), unmitigated hydrogen accumulation in the reactor building were identified as some of the reasons those added-up in the severity of the accident. The Fukushima accident not only initiated worldwide demand for installation of adequate control and mitigation measures to minimize the potential source term to the environment but also advocated assessment of the existing mitigation systems performance behavior under a wide range of postulated accident scenarios. The uncertainty in estimating the released fraction of the radionuclides due to the Fukushima accident also underlined the need for comprehensive understanding of fission product behavior as a function of the thermal hydraulic conditions and the type of gaseous, aqueous, and solid materials available for interaction, e.g., gas components, decontamination paint, aerosols, and water pools. In the light of the Fukushima accident, additional experimental needs identified for hydrogen and fission product issues need to be investigated in an integrated and optimized way. Additionally, as more and more passive safety systems, such as passive autocatalytic recombiners and filtered containment venting systems are being retrofitted in current reactors and also planned for future reactors, identified hydrogen and fission product issues will need to be coupled with the operation of passive safety systems in phenomena oriented and coupled effects experiments. In the present paper, potential hydrogen and fission product issues raised by the Fukushima accident are discussed. The discussion focuses on hydrogen and fission product behavior inside nuclear power plant containments under severe accident conditions. The relevant experimental investigations conducted in the technical scale containment THAI (thermal hydraulics, hydrogen, aerosols, and iodine) test facility (9.2 m high, 3.2 m in diameter, and $60m^3$ volume) are discussed in the light of the Fukushima accident.