• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2020

논문에서는 고분자 나노구조 필름의 기계적 물성을 향상하기 위하여 광열효과를 이용한 열처리 공정을 응용하여 나노임프린트로 제작된 고분자 나노구조 필름의 기계적 물성에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. Hybrid resin과 UV 나노임프린트을 이용하여 저반사 나노구조를 성형하고 IPL (intense pulsed light)를 이용하여 열처리를 수행한 뒤, 제작된 나노구조 필름의 투과율과 내스크래치성을 평가하여 나노구조의 성형성과 기계적 물성의 변화를 관찰하였다. 나노패턴의 특성에 의해서 나노구조의 투과율은 550 nm 파장에서 97.6%로 고투과율의 기능을 확인하였으며, IPL을 이용한 열처리를 진행한 경우 Hotplate를 이용한 열처리보다 경도는 0.51 GPa로, 0.27 GPa로 열처리한 시편에 비해 1.8배 향상하였으며, 동일 실험 조건에서 탄성율은 Hotplate 이용 시 4 GPa에서 IPL 이용 시 5.9 GPa로 1.4배 증가하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro interfacial relationship of restorations bonded with three self-etching primer adhesives and one self-etching adhesive. Class I cavity preparations were prepared on twenty extracted human molars. Prepared teeth were divided into four groups and restored with four adhesives and composites Clearfil SE $Bond/Clearfil^{TM}$ AP-X (SE), UniFil $Bond/UniFil^{\circledR}$ F (UF), FL $Bond/Filtek^{TM}$ Z 250 (FL) and Prompt $L-Pop/Filtek^{TM}$ Z 250 (LP) After storing in distilled water of room temperature for 24 hours, the specimens were vertically sectioned and decalcified. Morphological patterns between the enamel/dentin and adhesives were observed under SEM. The results of this study were as follows : 1. They showed close adaptation between enamel and SE, UF and FL except for LP. 2. The hybrid layer in dentin was $2{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ thick in SE, $1.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ thick in UF, and $0.4{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ in both FL and LP. So, the hybrid layers of SE and UF were slightly thicker than that of FL and LP. 3. The lengths and diameters of resin tags in UF and FL were similar, but those of LP were slightly shorter and slenderer than those of SE. 4. The resin tags were long rod shape in SE, and funnel shape in other groups Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that self-etching primer adhesives showed close adaptation on enamel. In addition, the thickness of hybrid layer ranged from $0.4-1.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ between adhesives and dentin. The resin tags were long rod or funnel shape, and dimension of them was similar or different among adhesives.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2006

임상에서 5급 와동의 형태 중에 흔히 발견되는 혼합형 (교합면 쪽은 쐐기형이고 치경부 쪽은 접시형)의 와동이 형성된 상악 제 2 소구치에 170 N의 하중을 가했을 때, 수복 전 후에 나타나는 와동변연부와 와동벽, 그리고 수복물의 응력 분포를 3차원적 유한요소 분석법으로 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 수복 전에 비해 수복 후 굽힘응력 이 집중되는 백악법랑경계와 와동저 선각부위 에서 응력이 감소하였다. 2. 수복 전에 비해 수복 후 교합면과 치경부의 와동변연과 와동벽에서는 응력이 증가하였다. 3. 혼합형 레진과 혼합형 / 흐름성 레진으로 수복하였을 때 흐름성 레진으로 수복한 경우보다 백악법랑경계와 와동저 선각부위에서 응력이 더 감소하였다. 4. 혼합형 레진과 혼합형 / 흐름성 레진으로 수복하였을때 흐름성 레진으로 수복한 경우보다 교합면과 치경부의 와동변연과 와동벽에서 응력이 더 증가하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate on the interfacial morphology between dentin and restorative materials. In this in vitro study, the cavity wall restorated with 3 different kinds of tooth colored restorative materials [resin-modified Glass Ionomer cement (Fuji II LC), composite resin (Z-100), compomer (Dyract)]. The thirty extracted human molar teeth without caries and/or restorations are used. The experimental teeth were randomly divided into three groups of ten teeth each. In each group, Wedge shaped cavities (width: 3mm, length: 2mm, depth: 1.5mm) were prepared at the cementoenamel junction on buccal and lingual surfaces. The adhesive of composite resin were mixed with rhodamine B. Primer of composite resin, Prime & Bond 2.1 of Dyract and liquid of Fuji II LC were mixed with fluorescein. In group 1, the cavity wall was treatment with dentin conditioner, and then restorated with Fuji II LC. In group 2, the cavity wall was treatment with Prime & Bond 2.1 and then restorated with Dyract. In group 3, the cavity wall was etching with 10% maleic acid, applied with primer and bonding agent and then restorated with Z-100. The interface between dentin and restorative materials was observed by fluoresence imaging with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In Glass ionomer group, adaptation of resin modified Glass-ionomer restoration against cavity wall is tight, but the crack formed inside of restoration were observed. 2. In Dyract group, the penetration of resin tag is shorter and the width of hybrid layer is narrower than composite resin group. 3. In Z-100 group, primer penetrated deeply through dentinal tubule. Also bonding agent was penetrated along the primer, but the penetration length is shorter than primer part, and in 3-D image, the resin tag is conical shape and lateral branch is observed.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제69권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1985

우리나라 소나무의 이입교잡현상(移入交雜現象)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 67 개(個) 지역(地域) 4,992 본(本)의 침엽(針葉) 수지구(樹脂溝) 위치(位置)를 조사(調査)하였다. 침엽(針葉)의 수지구(樹脂溝)가 모두 외위(外位)인 것은 소나무, 모두 중위(中位)인 것은 곰솔, 외위(外位)와 중위(中位)가 하나라도 섞여있는 것을 잡종(雜種)으로 판정(判定)하면, 전(全) 조사지역(調査地域)에서 잡종(雜種)이 발견(發見)되어 순수(純粹)한 소나무만 있는 지역(地域)은 한곳도 없었다. 개체내(個體內)에서 침엽별(針葉別)로 수지구(樹脂溝) 위치(位置)에 변이(變異)가 있었으므로, 잡종성판정(雜種性判定)에는 표본수(標本數)의 영향이 컸다. 따라서 잡종성판정(雜種性判定)은 수지구(樹脂溝) 위치(位置)에만 의존(依存)하는 것보다 여러 형질(形質)로 종합(綜合) 판정(判定)을 하여야 될 것이다. 소나무와 곰솔 간의 인공교배(人工交配)는 생산성(生産性)이 낮고 잡종(雜種)의 우수성(優秀性)이 크게 기대(期待)되지 않았다. 이 때문에 조림(造林)을 위한 잡종종자(雜種種子)의 대량생산(大量生産)은 실용적(實用的) 가치(價値)가 없다고 판단(判斷)된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.595-601
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• 2014

NATM의 미세 구조는 SEM, FT-IR, 인장특성, 그리고 [NCO]/[OH]의 mole %, 입도분석에 의해 측정하였다. 친환경적인 NATM에 관한 관심이 고조됨에 따라 스테인레스 등의 금속코팅에 더욱더 중요한 무용제 도료의 발전을 이끈다. 우리는 스테인레스 스틸의 부식을 방지할 수 있는 NATM(New Austria Tunnel Method)의 수지를 합성하였다. 폴리우레탄과 에폭시로 합성한 혼성 수지는 일반적 NATM 수지와 도료와 비교하여 강도와 내구력이 매우 양호하다. 혼성수지는 폴리올, 에폭시, MDI, 실리콘 계면활성제, 촉매, 가교제, 충전제로 구성된다. 충전제인 fume silica는 경화속도를 가속시킬 뿐만 아니라 열적 장벽으로 물성이 우수함을 나타냈다. NATM 수지의 기계적 특성은 [NCO]/[OH]의 mole%와 fume silica가 증가함에 따라 강도가 증가하였다. 결론적으로 가교제와 fume silica가 함유된 혼성수지의 미세구조는 스테인레스 스틸같은 금속물질의 열경화코팅을 위한 좋은 물질이다.

• Composites Research
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2021

VARTM(Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding) 공정은 OoA(Out of Autoclave)에 속하는 저가형 공정기술로 다양한 분야에 널리 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 오토클레이브 공정보다 품질이 낮아 고신뢰성이 요구되는 항공산업에는 적용하기 어려웠다. VARTM 공정의 주요 문제는 오토클레이브 대비 낮은 섬유부피분율과 높은 Void 함량에 의한 기계적 물성의 손실이었다. 따라서 많은 연구자들이 Void를 줄이고 섬유부피분율을 높일 수 있는 연구를 수행해 왔다. 이러한 연구의 흐름에 따라 본 연구에서는 수지 주입 과정 중 대기압을 제어하는 방법이 섬유부피분율을 높이고 Void를 감소시킬 수 있는지 검토하였다. 신뢰성 평가는 Void와 연관성이 있는 압축강도시험, 섬유부피분율 분석, 광학현미경 촬영을 통해 확인하였다. 결과적으로 VARTM 공정에서 수지 주입과정 중 대기압을 단계별로 높이는 방법이 섬유부피분율 증가와 Void 감소에 직접적인 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2003

The mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of through-the-thickness stitched plain weave glass fabric/polyurethane foam/epoxy composites were studied. Hybrid composites were fabricated using resin infusion process (RIP). Stitched sandwich composite increased drastically the flexural properties as compared with the unstitched fabrics. The breaking of stitching yarns was observed during the flexural test and this failure mode yielded relatively high flexural properties. Composites with stitched sandwich structure improved the mechanical properties with increasing the number of stitching yarns. From this study, it was concluded that proper combination of stitching density and types of stitching fiber is important factor for through-the-thickness stitched composite panels.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.505-516
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• 1996

The effects of application of dentin desensitizer containing glutaraldehyde (Gluma Desensitizer) and dentin adhesive system (All Bond 2) to the exposed dentin on the intradental nerve activity (INA) and the occluding aspects of dentinal tubules were investigated in cat canine teeth. Single pulp nerve units were dissected from the inferior alveolar nerve and indentified as $A{\delta}$-fiber units. The INAs elicited by 4M NaCl before and after the application of each experimental agent were compared. The morphological changes of exposed dentin surfaces and dentinal tubules in the dentin specimens used to record INAs were observed by SEM. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Eight $A{\delta}$-fiber units (conduction velocity: $8.0{\pm}4.0m$/sec) were identified. 4M NaCl evoked an irregular burst of action potentials which ceased immediately after washing. 2. In 4 $A{\delta}$-fiber units, the change of INA after the application of Gluma Desensitizer was $133.9{\pm}80.7%$ when it was compared with the INA before the application of the same agent. 3. In 4 $A{\delta}$-fiber units, application of All Bond 2 completely abolished the INA induced by 4M NaCl. 4. In specimens applied with Gluma Desensitizer, the formation of hybrid layer as well as the identification of resin penetration and reaction products with proteins in dentinal tubules were not clearly observed in interface between dentin and adhesive resin. In specimens applied with All Bond 2, the gap width of 2-$3{\mu}m$ was formed between exposed dentin and adhesive resin, and the hybrid layer and resin tags were not clearly formed either.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.45.1-45.10
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• 2019

Objectives: Self-adhesive resin cements contain functional monomers that enable them to adhere to the tooth structure without a separate adhesive or etchant. One of the most stable functional monomers used for chemical bonding to calcium in hydroxyapatite is 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the10-MDP concentration on the bond strength and physical properties of self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods: We used experimental resin cements containing 3 different concentrations of 10-MDP: 3.3 wt% (RC1), 6.6 wt% (RC2), or 9.9 wt% (RC3). The micro-tensile bond strength of each resin cement to dentin and a hybrid resin block (Estenia C&B, Kuraray Noritake Dental) was measured, and the fractured surface morphology was analyzed. Further, the flexural strength of the resin cements was measured using the three-point bending test. The water sorption and solubility of the cements following 30 days of immersion in water were measured. Results: The bond strength of RC2 was significantly higher than that of RC1. There was no significant difference between the bond strength of RC2 and that of RC3. The water sorption of RC3 was higher than that of any other cement. There were no significant differences in the three-point bending strength or water solubility among all three types of cements. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it is suggested that 6.6 wt% 10-MDP showed superior properties than 3.3 wt% or 9.9 wt% 10-MDP in self-adhesive resin cement.