• 멤브레인
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2013

관형 알루미나 정밀여과와 이산화티타늄 광촉매 코팅 PP (polypropylene) 구의 혼성공정에서 질소 역세척 주기(FT)와 시간(BT)의 영향을 막오염에 의한 저항($R_f$) 및 투과선속(J), 총여과부피($V_T$)의 관점에서 광촉매 첨가 PES (polyethersulfone)구를 사용한 기존 결과와 비교하였다. 일반적인 역세척 방법인 공기가 아닌 질소로 역세척을 한 이유는 공기에 포함된 산소에 의해 수질분석에 영향을 줄 가능성을 최소화하기 위한 것이다. FT가 짧아질수록 $R_f$는 감소하고, J와 $V_T$는 증가하였다. 용존유기물의 평균 처리효율은 82.0%로 PES 구 결과의 78.0% 보다 높았다. 이러한 결과는 광촉매 코팅 PP 구가 광촉매 첨가 PES 구 보다 효과적으로 용존유기물을 제거한다는 것을 의미한다. BT가 길어질수록 최종 $R_f$는 감소하고 최종 J는 증가하였지만, $V_T$는 BT 15초에서 최대값을 보였다. 탁도의 평균 처리효율은 BT 변화에 따라 특별한 경향을 보이지 않았다. BT가 6초에서 30초로 증가함에 따라 용존유기물의 처리효율은 11.8% 증가하여, PES 구의 결과보다 다소 크게 증가하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

막구조 건축물은 경량의 건축용 막재를 사용하므로 자유로운 곡면표현이 가능하고 시각적인 만족도가 높아 그 사용이 점차 확대되고 있다. 하지만 건축용 막재를 구성하는 직물이 화재에 취약하므로 용도에 적합하며 보다 높은 난연성능을 가지는 불연성 막재의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 단열성, 내열성, 불연성이 우수한 현무암섬유를 건축용 막재의 직포로 적용하고 PTFE 분산 수지를 함침 코팅하여 DSC/TGA 열분석, 강도특성, 방염 및 난연특성을 평가하였다. 또한, 일반적으로 사용되는 건축용 막재 중 성능이 가장 우수한 유리섬유 직포 막재와 난연특성을 비교하였으며 평가결과 현무암섬유 직포의 건축용 막재로서의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 PVDF 중공사막을 열유도상분리와 연신의 복합공정에 의해 제조하였으며, 연신비에 따른 분리막의 구조 및 물성을 분석하였다. 이 분리막 제조의 메카니즘은 액-액 상분리에 기초하며, 최종 중공사막은 bicontinuous한 구조와 연신에 의해 fibrill 구조를 가지게 되어, 구정(spherulite)구조를 갖는 고-액 상분리막과 bicontinuous한 구조만을 갖는 액-액상분리막과 차별화된다. 우선, TIPS공정을 통해, gamma-butyrolacton, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) 등을 단일 혹은 이들을 조합한 혼합 diluent로 사용하여, 냉각조건, PVDF와 희석제의 함량을 조절하면서 중공사막 전구체를 제조하고, 후속공정인 연신에 의해 최종적으로 중공사막의 외부표면을 porous하게, 혹은 dense하게 만들 수 있었다. 연신된 중공사막을 에탄올에 추출, 건조한 후 SEM을 통하여 pore 구조의 변화를 관찰하였으며, 수투과량, 다공도, 기공 크기, 표면 거칠기, 인장강도 등의 변화를 분석하였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.346-351
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 임신진단등의 간편 현장진단(point of care test, POCT)에 주로 사용되고 있는 멤브레인 측면흐름 분석기법을 사용하여 인유두종 바이러스(Human papillomavirus, HPV)의 특정 서열을 검출할 수 있는 DNA array를 개발하였다. HPV type 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 45에 특이적인 DNA 탐침들을 측면흐름 분석용 멤브레인 표면에 고정하고, biotin이 label된 MY09/11 primer를 사용하여 얻어진 HPV PCR 반응 결과물과 탐침 사이에 hybridization 반응을 유도하였다. 이후 streptavidin이 label된 colloidal gold가 교잡물의 biotin과 반응함으로써 DNA hybridization 결과를 육안으로 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 HPV DNA lateral flow membrane array는 기존의 HPV DNA chip 기법과 비교하여 경제적이고 편리하게 주요 HPV type을 확인할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2023

Membrane separation is widely used for several applications such as water treatment, membrane reactors and climate change. Cross-linked organic-inorganic hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) / Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was adopted for the preparation of optimized hollow membrane (HFM) for membrane distillation or other low pressure separators for mechanical properties and permeability under varying pretreatment schemes. HFMs were prepared on semi-pilot membrane fabrication system. Novel adopted post-treatment schemes involved soaking in glycerol, magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and isopropanol for different durations. All fibers were characterized for morphology using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface roughness using atomic force microscope (AFM), elemental composition by examining Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), water contact angle (CA°) and porosity. The performance of the fibers was evaluated for pure water permeation flux (PWF). Post-treatment with MgSO₄ gave the highest both tensile modulus and flux. Assessment of properties and performance revealed comparable results with other organic-inorganic separators, HF or flat. In spite of few reported data on post treatment using MgSO₄ in presence of TEOS, this proves the potential of low cost treatment without negative impact on other membrane properties. The flux is also comparable with hypochlorite which manifests substantial precaution requirements in actual industrial use.The relatively high values of flux/bar for sample treated with TEOS, post treated with MgSO₄ and hypochlorite are 88 and 82 LMH/bar respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2006

Interactions between GRA proteins of dense granules in Toxoplasma gondii and host cell proteins were analyzed by yeast two-hybrid technique. The cMyc-GRA fusion proteins expressed from pGBKT7 plasmid in Y187 yeast were bound to host cell proteins from pGADT7-Rec-HeLa cDNA library transformed to AH109 yeast by mating method. By the selection procedures, a total of 939 colonies of the SD/-AHLT culture, 348 colonies of the $X-\alpha-gal$ positive and PCR, 157 colonies of the $X-\beta-gal$ assay were chosen for sequencing the cDNA and finally 90 colonies containing ORF were selected to analyze the interactions. GRA proteins interacted with a variety of host cell proteins such as enzymes, structural and functional proteins of organellar proteins of broad spectrum. Several specific bindings of each GRA protein to host proteins were discussed presumptively the role of GRA proteins after secreting into the parasitophorous vacuoles (PV) and the PV membrane in the parasitism of this parasite.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2016

Desalination is getting more attention as an alternative to solve a global water shortage problem in the future. Especially, a desalination technology is being expected as a new growth engine of Korea's overseas plant business besides one of the solutions of domestic water shortage problem. In the past, a thermal evaporation technology was a predominant method in desalination market, but more than 75% of the current market is hold by a membrane-based reverse osmosis technology because of its lower energy consumption rate for desalination. In the future, it is expected to have more energy efficient desalination process. Accordingly, various processes are being developed to further enhance the desalination energy efficiency. One of the promising technologies is a desalination process combined with Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) process. The PRO technology is able to generate energy by using osmotic pressure of seawater or desalination brine. And the other benefits are that it has no emission of $CO_2$ and the limited impact of external environmental factors. However, it is not commercialized yet because a high-performance PRO membrane and module, and a PRO system optimization technology is not sufficiently developed. In this paper, the recent research direction and progress of the SWRO-PRO hybrid desalination was discussed regarding a PRO membrane and module, an energy recovery system, pre-treatment and system optimization technologies, and so on.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.849-855
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• 2008

The paper addresses modeling and analysis of the part load performance of a hybrid fuel cell system integrating a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) and a gas turbine(GT). The system is a pressurized one where the working pressure of the PEMFC is higher than the ambient pressure. In addition to the two major components, the system also includes auxiliary parts such as a steam reformer, a humidifier, and afterburner and so on. Based on design analysis, component off-design models are incorporated in the analysis program and part load operation is simulated. The mode for the part load operation of the PEMFC/GT hybrid system is a variable rotational speed operation. The operating characteristics and variations in the system efficiency and component performance parameters at part load are analyzed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2005

A series of proton conductive inorganic-organic hybrid membranes doped with phosphoric acid ($H_3PO_4$) and/or triethylphosphate (PO(OEt)$_3$) have been prepared by sol-gel process with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursors. High proton conductivity of 3.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-3}$ S/cm with composition of 50TEOS-30GPTMS-20APTES-50$H_3PO_4$ was obtained at 120 ${^{\circ}C}$ under 50% relative humidity. Thermal stability of membrane was significantly enhanced by the presence of SiO$_2$ framework up to 250 ${^{\circ}C}$. XRD revealed that the gels are amorphous. IR spectra showed a good complexation of $H_3PO_4$ in the matrix. The conductivity under 75% relative humidity was significantly improved by addition of APTES due to the increase in concentration of defected site in hybrid matrix. The effect of PO(OEt)$_3$, humidifying time, and heat-treatment were also investigated. PO(OEt)$_3$ had no improvement on conductivity and conductivity increased with humidifying time, however, decreased with heating temperature.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.923-929
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• 2019

In this paper, biomimetic based physical ear model proposed for measuring the characteristics of a hybrid-acoustic sensor for fully implantable middle-ear hearing aid. The proposed physical ear model consists of the external ear, middle-ear, and cochlea. The physical ear model was implemented based on the anatomical structure and CT images of the human ear. To confirm the characteristics of the ear model, the vibrational characteristics of the stapes was measured after applying sound pressure to the tympanic membrane. The measured results were compared with the vibrational characteristics of the human temporal bone specified by ASTM F2504-05. Through the comparison results, the feasibility of the proposed ear model was confirmed. Then, after attaching the hybrid-acoustic sensor to the ear model, the output characteristics of the ECM and acceleration sensor were measured according to the sound pressure. The measured results were compared with previous studies using human temporal bone, and the usefulness of the proposed physical ear model was verified through the analysis results.