• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.139-150
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• 2019

Purpose: LST-II is a special naval ship to carry out landing operations by transporting tanks, armored vehicles and military vehicles. Bad weather, maximum wave height of 4-5 m, caused damage to the LCM cradles while the LST-II No.O ship was moving to Thailand for training in February 2016. Methods: Based on the results of the field check, DTaQ conducted a study on the causes analysis and improvement measures. Results: The improvement plan that was derived was verified through a structural analysis and the improvement plan was applied to the follow-up ships. Conclusion: The improvement of LCM cradle has increased the safety of the crew and landing forces, and improved the operational efficiency.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.465-473
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• 2011

To find the optimum mixing ratio of WGS catalyst with $CO_2$ absorbent for SEWGS process, water gas shift reaction tests were carried out in a fluidized bed reactor using commercial WGS catalyst and sand (as a substitute for $CO_2$ absorbent). WGS catalyst content, gas velocity, and steam/CO ratio were considered as experimental variables. CO conversion increased as the catalyst content increased during water gas shift reaction. Variations of the CO conversion with the catalyst content were small at low gas velocity. However, those variations increased at higher gas velocity. Within experimental range of this study, the optimum operating condition(steam/CO ratio=3, gas velocity = 0.03 m/s, catalyst content=10 wt.%) to get high CO conversion and $CO_2$ capture efficiency was confirmed. Moreover, long time water gas shift reaction tests up to 20 hours were carried out for two cases (catalyst content = 10 and 20 wt.%) and we could conclude that the WGS reactivity at those conditions was maintained up to 20 hours.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.34.1-34.4
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• 2021

An 11-year-old obese dog was referred for a liver mass. Cytologic examination revealed vacuolated hepatocytes with mild pleomorphism. A partial liver lobectomy was performed. On histopathologic examination, the mass was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma composed of hepatocytes with clear vacuoles. These findings were consistent with clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma (CCHCC). The CCHCC is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs, and clinical features are poorly defined. This is the first report on the cytological, histological and clinical aspects of CCHCC, suggesting that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potential risk factors for CCHCC in dogs.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.2241-2258
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• 2023

This study developed digital literacy instruments and tested their effectiveness on college students' perceptions of AI technologies. In creating a new digital literacy test tool, we reviewed the concept and scale of digital literacy based on previous studies that identified the characteristics and measurement of AI literacy. We developed 23 preliminary questions for our research instrument and used a quantitative approach to survey 318 undergraduates. After conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, we found that digital literacy in the age of AI had four ability sub-factors: critical understanding, artificial intelligence social impact recognition, artificial intelligence technology utilization, and ethical behavior. Then we tested the sub-factors' predictive powers on the perception of AI's usefulness and ease of use. The regression result shows that the most common powerful predictor of the usefulness and ease of use of AI technology was the ability to use AI technology. This finding implies that for college students, the ability to use various tools based on AI technology is an essential competency in the AI era.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth characteristics and dry matter yields of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) cultivars for three years (2011~2013). The cold-resistance of domestic cultivars was stronger than other foreign varieties. Among early-maturing cultivars, dry matter (DM) yield of 'Kowinearly' was significantly higher (8,751 kg/ha) than other cultivars (p<0.05). In medium-maturing cultivars, DM yield of 'Kowinmaster' and 'Tam 90' was 9,394 and 7,461 kg/ha, respectively. Of the two, the former's DM yield was higher than the latter's (p<0.05). Among late-maturing cultivars, DM yield of 'Hwasan 104' (9,809 kg/ha) was similar to 'Hwasan 101' (9,354 kg/ha), but significantly higher than the other late-maturing cultivars (p<0.05). According to the results obtained from present study, early-maturing cultivars with cold-tolerance and high productivity is required for the paddy field cultivation of an Italian ryegrass cultivar after rice harvest in Cheonan region. Medium- and late-maturing cultivars are more advantageous for the dry field cultivation of the maximum quantity that is possible. In conclusion, to select which cultivar/s to grow, the climate of the growing area, weather conditions, and the cropping system must all be considered.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.529-535
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• 2016

Atopic dermatitis (AD) results from gene and environment interactions that lead to a range of immunological abnormalities and breakdown of the skin barrier. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) belongs to a family of G-protein coupled receptors and is expressed in suprabasal layers of the epidermis. PAR2 is activated by both trypsin and a specific agonist peptide, SLIGKV-$NH_2$ and is involved in both epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis and epithelial inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effect of lobaric acid on inflammation, keratinocyte differentiation, and recovery of the skin barrier in hairless mice. Lobaric acid blocked trypsin-induced and SLIGKV-$NH_2$-induced PAR2 activation resulting in decreased mobilization of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ in HaCaT keratinocytes. Lobaric acid reduced expression of interleukin-8 induced by SLIGKV-$NH_2$ and thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC) induced by tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-${\alpha}$) and IFN-${\gamma}$ in HaCaT keratinocytes. Lobaric acid also blocked SLIGKV-$NH_2$-induced activation of ERK, which is a downstream signal of PAR2 in normal human keratinocytes (NHEKs). Treatment with SLIGKV-$NH_2$ downregulated expression of involucrin, a differentiation marker protein in HaCaT keratinocytes, and upregulated expression of involucrin, transglutamase1 and filaggrin in NHEKs. However, lobaric acid antagonized the effect of SLIGKV-$NH_2$ in HaCaT keratinocytes and NHEKs. Topical application of lobaric acid accelerated barrier recovery kinetics in a SKH-1 hairless mouse model. These results suggested that lobaric acid is a PAR2 antagonist and could be a possible therapeutic agent for atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2012

Weed control is of fundamental importance when planting cereal crops, particularly during the establishment phase. Weeds compete for nutrients, water and light, and can severely threaten the survival and early growth of newly planted crops. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of ethanol treatment on the weed control efficacy in cereal crops in protected vinylhouse. Five treatments like water, 25 L, 50 L, 75 L, and 100 L per $m^{-2}$ at 2% ethanol were applied and covered with vinyl on 10 days before foxtail millet seeding. After that, foxtail millet seeds were sown on June 20 at $60{\times}10cm$ planting distance and weed control efficacy was recorded at 30, and 50 days after seeding based on the dry weight. Soil oxidation-reduction potential was recorded -200~-400 mV after treatment 2 days. Weed control efficacy of at 75 L, and 100 L per $m^{-2}$ was observed 92%, 84% in 2% ETOH, respectively. Yields of foxtail millet at 75 L, and 100 L per $m^{-2}$ were 1,570 kg $ha^{-1}$, 1,230 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.463-469
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• 2012

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the skin with increased transepidermal water loss. Both an abnormal inflammatory response and a defective skin barrier are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) belongs to a family of G-protein coupled receptors and is activated by both trypsin and a specific agonist peptide, SLIGKV-$NH_2$. PAR2 is expressed in suprabasal layers of the epidermis and regulates inflammatory responses and barrier homeostasis. In this study, we show that nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits the PAR2-mediated signal pathway and plays a role in skin barrier recovery in atopic dermatitis. Specifically, NDGA reduces the mobilization of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ in HaCaT keratinocytes by down-regulating inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-8, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 in HaCaT keratinocytes. Also, NDGA decreases the protein expression of involucrin, a differentiation maker of keratinocyte, in both HaCaT keratinocytes and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. We examined NDGA-recovered skin barrier in atopic dermatitis by using an oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis model in hairless mice. Topical application of NDGA produced an increase in transepidermal water loss recovery and a decrease in serum IgE level, without weight loss. Accordingly, we suggest that NDGA acts as a PAR2 antagonist and may be a possible therapeutic agent for atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.132-135
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• 1998

This study was conducted to obtain basic information for soil improvement in flower crop cultivating greenhouse soil through survey on the chemical and physical properties of greenhouse soils. Total of 85 Flowcultivating farms were surveyed and analysis was done on the soil characteristics, amounts of chemical fertilizer and soil amendmentuse. The result are as follows: In soil properties of flower cultivating greenhousees, silt clay loam was 51%and 68% of the surveyed soils had good drainage condition. Ground water table was over 90-120cm which was optimum range for flower cultivation. Flower cultivating farms had problem with accumulation of fertility. Nitrate nitrogen was accumulated in Gypsophila paniculate farms and available phosphorus, and exchangeable postassium were significantly higher in greenhouse soils about 2 times than in open field soil. Application amount of chemical feltilizers in greenhouses were nitrate 211,phosphorus 135, and potassium 132kg/ha, respectively. Amount of organic matter used in greenhouse were high in order of cattle manure> compost> organic fertilizer> poultry manure> swine manure and their application amounts were69, 103, 32, 20, and 43 MT/ha, respectively.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.80-86
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• 2016

Background: Prone hip extension (PHE) can be performed to measure the lumbopelvic motor patterns and motions. Imbalances in lumbopelvic muscle activity and muscle weakness can result in instability including pain in lumbopelvic region. The posterior oblique sling (POS) muscles contribute to dynamic lumbopelvic stability. In addition, POS are anatomically aligned with the trapezius muscle group according to shoulder positions. Objects: This study compared the electromyography (EMG) activity of POS and pelvic compensations during PHE with and without pre-activation of lower trapezius muscle (lowT). Methods: Sixteen healthy males were recruited. PHE was performed in randomized order: PHE with and without lowT pre-activation. Surface EMG signals were recorded for biceps femoris (BF), gluteus maximus (GM) (ipsilateral), lumbar multifidus (MF) (bilateral), and the lowT (contralateral). An electromagnetic tracking motion analysis was used to measure the angle of pelvic rotation and anterior tilting. Results: The ipsilateral GM and bilateral MF EMG amplitudes were greater during PHE with lowT pre-activation compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation (p<.05). The BF amplitude during PHE without lowT pre-activation was significantly greater than that during PHE with lowT pre-activation (p<.05). The angles of pelvic rotation and anterior tilting during PHE with lowT pre-activation were significantly smaller compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation (p<.05). Conclusion: PHE with lowT pre-activation, which is aligned with the POS, showed more increased MF and GM muscular activity with smaller lumbopelvic compensations in rotation and anterior tilting compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation.