• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.32-33
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• 2005

• Language and Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-38
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• 2009

Since countability is a grammatical notion, the distinction between count and mass nouns may not reflect countability in the real world. Based on this, Chierchia (1998a; 1998b) provides a typological study of plurality and genericity, which does not account for countability in Korean. Nemoto (2005) revises Chierchia's analysis to deal with count and mass nouns in Korean and Japanese. This study discusses problems with the previous analyses and proposes that the semantic feature of humanness is the main criterion for countability in Korean.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2001.10d
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• pp.457-461
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• 2001

본 논문은 동사의 의미표상과 명사의 한정성의 강호관계를 중심으로 목적어의 생략현상을 검토하였다. 한국어는 영어 같은 언어와 달리 주어, 목적어 등이 자주 생략된다. 이 연구는 한국어의 목적어 생략이 단순히 인간성 (humanness), 주체성 (agency), 한정성(definiteness) 등 명사의 의미자질에 의해서만 결정되는 것이 아니라, 다음 두 가지 제약이 결정적으로 작용함을 제안하고자 한다. 첫째, 목적어 생략은 행동양상 (mold of agent act)과 원인 (cause)을 심층적으로 포함하는 소위 '핵심 타동사 (core transitive)'와 선행사의 한정성 정도에 의해 결정되는데, 구체적으로 목적어 생략은 한정성 자질을 가진 선행사가 없는 담화에서는 허용되지 않는다는 제약이다. 둘째, 타동사와 명사의 한정성과는 독립적으로, 한국어의 목적어 생략은 또한, 추론에 의거하여 보다 더 적절히 해석될 수 있는 경우를 실증적으로 보이고자 한다.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.36
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• pp.7-30
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• 2009

Confucius said, "at fifteen, I had my mine bent on learning, At thirty, I stood firm, At forty, I had no doubt, At fifty I knew the decrees of Heaven, At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth, At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right." This dissertation's aim is to articulate the ideas and methodology of 'learning to become a sage' based upon his saying. Confucius believe in reality of the human mind & it's nature. What Heaven has conferred is called the human nature. An accordance with this human nature is called path of human duty. Confucius's concept of human path is realization of humanness. Confucian's Human relationship is none other than conscientiousness and altruism. This Rule is expressed in the confucian version of reciprocity: "What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others." Confucian principles of reciprocity imply is equal to Kantian Categorical imperative. This principles imply universalizability and equal consideration.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.79-99
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• 2019

Apologies are used with increasing frequency for mending damaged relations between groups after intergroup conflict. Past research revealed that members of a perpetrator group may engage in (animalistic) dehumanization of victim group members to cope with guilt and responsibility associated with the ingroup's past wrongdoing. We hypothesized that ingroup's apology would relieve perpetrator group members of the moral threat, and therefore would make them perceive more humanness in the victim group members. The study was conducted in the context of South Korea's alleged atrocities against Vietnamese civilians during its military involvement in the Vietnam War. Korean participants read an article on the incidents with Korean government's issuance of an official apology manipulated, and reported their thoughts on the incidents and perceptions of Vietnamese people including their humanness. Contrary to our prediction, apology further enhanced dehumanization of Vietnamese people, even while it also decreased dehumanization through heightened feelings of relief. This study documents a seemingly ironic effect of intergroup apology, and calls for a more careful examination of the consequences of apology before recommending it as a viable strategy for alleviating intergroup tensions.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.126-130
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• 2008

It takes only few seconds to find an artifact that has anthropomorphic form. There are numerous examples illustrating human's shape in daily life products. Usage of anthropomorphic form has been a basic design strategy especially when industrial designers design intelligent service robots because most of robot features were basically from human. Therefore, it's necessary to use anthropomorphic form not only in appearance design but also in interaction design. To use anthropomorphic form effectively, it needs to measure how much the artifact is similar to human, and then to evaluate whether the usage of anthropomorphic form fits to the artifact. This study's goal was to set up an evaluation standard for anthropomorphism for robot design. We suggest that there are three criteria for the evaluation standard. Those are 'anthropomorphic form in appearance', 'anthropomorphic form in Human-Robot Interaction', and 'accordance in two former criteria'. We expect that when designers put an evaluation step of anthropomophism in their design process of robots, robots might become more preferred by users, and easier to understand how to interact with.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.405-428
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• 1990

Language has a social function to communicate information. Linguists have gradually paid their attention to the function of language since the nineteen sixties, especially to the relationship of form, meaning and the function. The relationship could be more clearly grasped through disciyrse-based analysis than through sentence-based analysis. Many researches were centered on the discourse functional notion of topic. In the early 1970's the subject was defined as the grammatiocalized topic the topic as a discrete single constituent of the clause. In the late 1970's several lingusts including Givon suggerted that the topic was not an atomic, disctete entity, and that the clause could have more than one topic. The purpose of the present study is, following Givon, to study grammatical coding devices of topic and to measure the relative topic continuity/discontinuity of participant argu, ents in Korean narratives. By so doing, I would like to shed some light on effective ways of communicating information. The grammatical coding devices analyzed are the following eight structures: zero-anaphora, personal pronous, demonstrative pronouns, names, noun phrases following demonstratives, noun phrases following possessives, definite noun phrases and indefinite referentials. The narrative studied for the count was taken from the KoreanCIA chief's Testiomny:Revolution and Idol by Hyung Wook Kim. It was chosen because it was assumed that Kim's purpose in the novel was to tell a true story, which would not distort the natural use of language for literary effect. The measures taken in the analysis wre those of 'lookback', 'persistence', ambiguity'. The first of these, 'lookback', is a measure of the size of gap between the previous occurrence of a referent and its current occurence in the clause. The meausure of persistence, which is a measure of the speaker's topocal intent, reflects the topic's importance in the discourse. The third measure is a measure of ambiguity. This is necessary for assessing the disruptive effects that other topics within five previous clauses may have on topic identification. The more other topics are present within five previous clauses, the more difficult is the task of correct identification of a topic. The results of the present study show that the humanness of entities is the most powerful factior in topic continutiy in narrative discourse. The semantic roles of human arguments in narrative discourse tend to be agents or experiences. Since agents and experiences have high topicality in discourse, human entities clearly become clausal or discoursal topics. The results also show that the grammatical devices signal varying degrees of topic continuity discontinuity in continuous discourse. The more continuous a topic argument is, the less it is coded. For example, personal pronouns have the most continutiy and indefinite referentials have the least continutiy. The study strongly shows that topic continuity discontinutiy is controlled not only by grammatical devices available in the language but by socio-cultural factors and writer's intentions.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.169-206
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• 2019

This article seeks to explore new relationships and ethics of human and technology by analyzing a cultural imaginary produced by artificial intelligence. Drawing on theoretical reflections of the Feminist Scientific and Technological Studies which understand science and technology as the matter of care(Puig de la Bellacas, 2011), this paper focuses on the fact that artificial intelligence and robots materialize cultural imaginary such as autonomy. This autonomy, defined as the capacity to adapt to a new environment through self-learning, is accepted as a way to conceptualize an authentic human or an ideal subject. However, this article argues that artificial intelligence is mediated by and dependent on invisible human labor and complex material devices, suggesting that such autonomy is close to fiction. The recent growth of the so-called 'assistant technology' shows that it is differentially visualizing the care work of both machines and humans. Technology and its cultural imaginary hide the care work of human workers and actively visualize the one of the machine. And they make autonomy and agency ideal humanness, leaving disabled bodies and dependency as unworthy. Artificial intelligence and its cultural imaginary negate the value of disabled bodies while idealizing abled-bodies, and result in eliminating the real relationship between man and technology as mutually dependent beings. In conclusion, the author argues that the technology we need is not the one to exclude the non-typical bodies and care work of others, but the one to include them as they are. This technology responsibly empathizes marginalized beings and encourages solidarity between fragile beings. Inspired by an art performance of artist Sue Austin, the author finally comes up with and suggests 'artificial intelligence in wheelchair' as an alternative figuration for the currently dominant 'autonomous artificial intelligence'.