• The Mathematical Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 1986

For any thought and knowledge, its growth and development has close relation with the society where it is developed and grow. As Feuerbach says, the birth of spirit needs an existence of two human beings, i. e. the social background, as well as the birth of body does. But, at the educational viewpoint, the spread and the growth of such a thought or knowledge that influence favorably the development of a society must be also considered. We would discuss the goal and the function of mathematics education in relation with the prosperity of a technological civilization. But, the goal and the function are not unrelated with the spiritual culture which is basis of the technological civilization. Most societies of today can be called open democratic societies or societies which are at least standing such. The concept of rationality in such societies is a methodological principle which completes the democratic society. At the same time, it is asserted as an educational value concept which explains comprehensively the standpoint and the attitude of one who is educated in such a society. Especially, we can considered the cultivation of a mathematical thinking or a logical thinking in the goal of mathematics education as a concept which is included in such an educational value concept. The use of the concept of rationality depends on various viewpoints and criterions. We can analyze the concept of rationality at two aspects, one is the aspect of human behavior and the other is that of human belief or knowledge. Generally speaking, the rationality in human behavior means a problem solving power or a reasoning power as an instrument, i. e. the human economical cast of mind. But, the conceptual condition like this cannot include value concept. On the other hand, the rationality in human knowledge is related with the problem of rationality in human belief. For any statement which represents a certain sort of knowledge, its universal validity cannot be assured. The statements of value judgment which represent the philosophical knowledge cannot but relate to the argument on the rationality in human belief, because their finality do not easily turn out to be true or false. The positive statements in science also relate to the argument on the rationality in human belief, because there are no necessary relations between the proposition which states the all-pervasive rule and the proposition which is induced from the results of observation. Especially, the logical statement in logic or mathematics resolves itself into a question of the rationality in human belief after all, because all the logical proposition have their logical propriety in a certain deductive system which must start from some axioms, and the selection and construction of an axiomatic system cannot but depend on the belief of a man himself. Thus, we can conclude that a question of the rationality in knowledge or belief is a question of the rationality both in the content of belief or knowledge and in the process where one holds his own belief. And the rationality of both the content and the process is namely an deal form of a human ability and attitude in one's rational behavior. Considering the advancement of mathematical knowledge, we can say that mathematics is a good example which reflects such a human rationality, i. e. the human ability and attitude. By this property of mathematics itself, mathematics is deeply rooted as a good. subject which as needed in moulding the ability and attitude of a rational person who contributes to the development of the open democratic society he belongs to. But, it is needed to analyze the practicing and pursuing the rationality especially in mathematics education. Mathematics teacher must aim the rationality of process where the mathematical belief is maintained. In fact, there is no problem in the rationality of content as long the mathematics teacher does not draw mathematical conclusions without bases. But, in the mathematical activities he presents in his class, mathematics teacher must be able to show hem together with what even his own belief on the efficiency and propriety of mathematical activites can be altered and advanced by a new thinking or new experiences.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.333-348
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• 2007

The study examines the relationships among financial knowledge, financial management, and objective financial well-being and subjective financial satisfaction. The data used in the study was 331 households from the survey in both Seoul and Kyeonggi-Do. The data analysis was dome using the SAS-PC program and several statistical techniques were utilized such as frequency, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as follows; The results from multiple regression analysis providing the information about the relationships between two variable after controlling other effects on the variables, showed that, the households with more financial knowledge tended to do more on both financial management plan and financial management implement. The households doing more on financial management implement were found to have more subjective financial satisfaction, while those doing more on financial management plan were found to have more objective financial well-being. Also, a positive relationship was found between objective financial well-being and subjective financial satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2010

This study reflects the demand of content elements related to "Human Reproduction" in elementary school science curriculum, and verifies its effects by developing and applying sex education contents available to elementary science class. The developed contents is composed of three sections in reference to the contents guideline for teachers. The contents include anatomical knowledge related to human reproduction and reflect social and cultural context of sex ethics. The first section: "How was I born?", second section: "Amazing changes in my body" and third section: "Healthy body, healthy mind." In the result of analysis of changes in sex knowledge and attitude after applying the contents, it showed statistically significant differences between experimental and comparative class. Thus, the developed contents made positive influence on improvement in elementary students' knowledge and attitude of human reproduction. However, it showed little difference in the effects of sex education contents by the grade and gender. In conclusion, if the sex education contents developed through this study is actively applied, it is expected to provide the elementary students with knowledge of the anatomic difference between male and female, its social and cultural understanding and responsibility for sex ethics. In addition, it is considered to be used as effective education programs and materials in elementary school science curriculum.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.161-172
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• 1996

Although conventional computer programs use efficient and precise optimization algorithms, they can not emulate the problem solving capabilities of human experts. A design optimization process involves a number of tasks which require human expertise and experience. Traditional optimization systems have concentrated on numerical aspects of a design process and have not been successful in integrating the numerical parts with human expertise. On the other hand, most knowledge-based systems focus on symbolic reasoning and have been little concerned with the numerical processes. The objective of this paper is to develop a knowledge-based multiobjective optimum design system which has the capabilities of knowledge processing and numerical computation by integrating the multiobjective optimization method and the knowledge-based system. The knowledge-based system for symbolic processing is developed. Rules for knowledge representation and the inference mechanism of the system are written in LISP. The knowledge-based multiobjective optimum design system is finally developed by integrating the multiobjective optimization method and the knowledge-based system by applying shell programming technique. The system is applied to an optimum design model of a LNG carrier in the preliminary design stage. It is found that the system well simulate design variables and objective functions of the design model.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.783-790
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to analyze shopmasters' knowledge of apparel merchandise and textile recognition and to investigate the effects of demographic variables on them. Shopmasters' knowledge of apparel merchandise was analyzed on a factor basis. Four factors of apparel merchandise were fashion property, material property, function property and management property. The textile knowledge level of shopmasters was 72.44%. Considering each part of textile knowledge, basic property was 74.69%, comfort 72.17%, management 68.36% and finishing 77.33%. The level of recognition in finishing area was the highest and the level of recognition in management area was the lowest. There were significant differences in the textile knowledge by gender and working period. Female's textile knowledge level was higher. The longer the working period is, the higher the level of textile knowledge is. Shopmasters recognized the finishing area better than university students did. But both of the groups didn't recognize the management area well.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.166-176
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and prevention attitudes of female North Korean refugees regarding cervical cancer and human papillomavirus(HPV) infection. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected from November 2015 to March 2016 and 130 female North Korean refugees participated. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: Score on knowledge and prevention attitudes regarding cervical cancer and HPV were 2.53 out of 8 points, 1.67 out of 17 points, and 28.90 out of 36 points. There were significant differences between entry duration, the number of children, previous cervical cancer tests, Precognition about HPV, preferred education method, and knowledge of cervical cancer. There were significant differences between previous cervical cancer tests, Precognition about HPV and knowledge of HPV. The correlation between knowledge and prevention attitudes regarding cervical cancer and HPV was significant positive. Conclusion: Female North Korean refugees' knowledge level of cervical cancer and HPV is very low. However, their attitudes towards prevention was higher. These results imply a need for education, aimed at guiding North Korean female refugees, so as to enhance their knowledge regarding cervical cancer and HPV, and to promote their sexual health.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

1. Objects of Research This research is purposed to find role and treatment mind of Sasang constitutional medicine in human genome age, through summarizing recognition of human and etiology. treatment on diseases proposed in Sasang constitutional medicine 2. Methods of Research It was researched as bibliologically with Dong-mu's chief medical writings such as ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Soose Bowon(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon Sasang Chongyun(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷${\lrcorner}$. 3. Results and Conclusions 1. The outlook on human of Sasang Constitutional Medicine was completed in the base on Confusianism and it recognized that human is consisted with congenital element based on 'Human nature-shape' and acquired element based on Knowledge-Acting. Dong-mu emphasised acquired element than inborn element. 2. Sasang Constitutional Medicine is thought that we ran overcome inborn limitation of each constitution through moral culture of aposteriori Knowledge-Acting. and that self-correction is methods which is applied to treatment of disease recovering Essential Qi of each constitution with moral culture of personality 3. Sasang Constitutional Medicine is recognizing Essential Qi by main standard that foretell prognosis of disease and emphasize recovery of Essential Qi through self-correction than way of 'Assisting-Good Qi' and 'Removig-Bad Qi' in treatment of disease. 4. Self-correction can be divided into non-herbal self-correction and herbal self-correction. Non-herbal self-correction is to control greed by aposteriori Knowledge-Acting and herbal self-correction is to recover Essential Qi by herb. 5. It is thought that the present constitutional disease is consisted by accumulating life habit nature of a disease of ordinary times, and Sasang Constitutional Medicine that present constitutional disease is treated through administration of life habit nature of a disease of ordinary times in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 6. Treatment mind to correct oneself into Golden Mean through controlling Knowledge-Acting in Sasang Constitutional Medicine may get into important treatment guide of gene medicine age.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.63-75
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• 2007

This paper focused on examining the middle school students' perceptions of characteristics(personal knowledge, human responsibility, impact on personal life, and predicted trend, behavior will) of 10 global and 8 local environmental issues. Subjects(N=516) demonstrated by completing a survey that they perceived the characteristics of issues differently on global and local scales, and to a degree those characteristics are related. First, middle school students' perceptions of global and local environmental issues were above mid-point mainly, and perceptions of local environmental issues were higher than those of global environmental issues. At perceptions of characteristics, They perceived that the personal knowledge of global environmental issues were higher than those of local issues, that the human responsibility effects on global environmental issues more than local environmental issues, that global environmental issues in the future, will be more serious. For each environmental issues, the perception of global warming among the global issues was highest, the perception of yellow dust and air pollution among the local issues was highest. For perceptions of characteristics, behavior will to solve the environmental issues was lower than that of 4 characteristics(personal knowledge, human responsibility, impact on personal life, and predicted trend). Second, there was significant difference of the perceptions of two scale environmental issues for area and sex. It showed that Seoul students' perceptions were higher than Kong-ju students' perceptions according to area, and that girl students' perceptions were higher than boy students' perceptions according to sex. Third, correlations among issues were significant. Especially, it was positive relationship between knowledge and human responsibility, human responsibility and impact on personal human responsibility and predicted trend. Educators and communicators should take into account the perceived characteristics of environmental issues and choose effective information sources and teaching methods to improve students' understanding of human-induced environmental changes.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2014

This study focused on the role of active knowledge seeking (knowledge browsing and knowledge searching) in the context of virtual community of interest. Knowledge seeking is rarely studied as an antecedent in knowledge management (KM) research. Active knowledge seeking is considered as antecedents of sense of virtual community which mediates to knowledge sharing intention and virtual community promotion. Research hypotheses are tested by applying structure equation modeling with survey data from virtual community members in South Korea. Active knowledge seeking behavior was found to be the strong predictor of sense of virtual community, which, in turn, positively affects knowledge sharing intention and virtual community promotion. Implication to practitioners is to understand and accommodate the members' knowledge seeking efforts, who are potential contributors and promoters of the virtual community. Knowledge seeking, knowledge sharing and promoting virtual community are more of human activities than technology and this study extends the understanding of such human activities. By providing a mechanism of how knowledge seeking and sharing could work harmoniously, a virtuous circle with win-win situation could be achieved in virtual communities.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.185-207
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• 1996

It is frequently pointed out that the Korean economy, with its scarce natural resources, would never have been able to achieve current levels of economic development without the massive provision of well-educated, hardworking human resources. Throughout the industrialization process ,full-fledged deployment and mobilization of qualified human resources have been the foundation to industrial policy and S&T policy. This paper describes the development of S&T human resources in Korea using various statistics including educational enrollment rates, unemployment rates, the allocation of researchers and R&D expenditures among sectors of performance, educational composition of employment within and across industries, technical human resource shortage rates, relative wage levels of SMEs, and composition of labor force by age-group and gender. While analyzing S&T human resources development, this paper discusses issues such as the mismatched demand and supply of skill and knowledge levels of the highly educated, the unbalanced distribution of S&T human resources between sectors, and the low utilization of the female and aged labor force. This paper suggests that the policy maker applies a hybrid of quantitative and qualitative policies to reduce the mismatches of supply and demand of skill and knowledge levels for each labor market categorized according to supply side.