• 지역연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.39-73
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• 1999

An examination is made of container movements, air cargo/passengers and telecommunications traffic in Northeast Asia during 1995. A drawback to studying flows between major cities is that information on telecommunications traffic is only available between countries. Also container traffic data are restricted to individual ports. Consequently, most attention is paid to movements of passenger aircraft between major cities derived from analysing timetables, particularly as they can be related to regional development concepts applied in Europe such as the 'blue banana' and 'bunches of grapes' concepts. A 'peas in a pod' may be a more appropriate movements are examined again in 1998 to gauge the impact of the Asian crisis.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2004

This paper discussed community ecological approach for Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development(ESSD) and Sustainable Society(SS). Community ecology is composed of nature, environment and diverse species and is dynamic and sustainable system by interaction among those components. It is required long-term, integrating and eco-centric stances to achieve ESSD and SS such as eco-city and eco-village movements. This is integrated and complicated perspective beyond traditional dichotomy between human and environment. Community ecological perspective directs people toward ecological society system which creates and maintains adaptable life style under ecological situation in community. Building up eco-parts, eco-cites, eco-villages are crucial movements for promoting human's environmental living standards. These sustainable community movements require people to change their values and life styles suitable for their SS. It is required integrated and balanced perspective and participating endeavor of residents to maintain SS.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.266-266
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• 2000

This paper relates to develop the human-mobile interface system using saccadic eye movements as an aid to the disabled. EOG(ElectroOculoGraphy) method is used to measure the potentials of rapid eye movements because the method is not expensive and the device is simple. But because the resolution and accuracy of this signal are not good, the algorithm to remove the drifting, using ideal velocity shape, is applied to process the signals. The mobile robot (POSTUR-II) used in this system was developed in Robot & Bio-mechatronics laboratory in POSTECH and has the tele-operation system for the tele-communication with a main computer. Our Research is to help the physically disabled except his eye movements to operate some works with the mobile. Our Results about the system's possibility will be showed by some experimental tests giving the point information to the mobile by eye-gaze.

• 수완나부미
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.159-186
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• 2019

Southeast Asia accounts for nearly a tenth of total worldwide cross-border movements of migrant workers. Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, and Philippines make up the sending countries while Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand are the major destinations. Migrant worker movements are predominantly in production process and low- to medium-skilled sectors. It is not unusual for irregular or undocumented movements to take place. In not a few instances, migrants work under harsh and exploitative conditions. In recent years, however, ASEAN has taken steps to manage labor migration at the regional level. The paper argues that ASEAN has not managed these cross-border labor flows as well as it should particularly in terms of protecting and promoting the human rights of migrants. It will be difficult to establish the genuine building blocks for a regional human rights mechanism unless there is a diffusion of alternative universal norms and standards to what ASEAN already embodies. As long as states resist any attempt to weaken or question or deligitimize their capacity to determine who gets to enter, stay, and leave their jurisdictions, it will be difficult to establish an effective migrant rights framework for the region.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2017

The movements of the human body are difficult to capture owing to the complexity of the three-dimensional skeleton model and occlusion problems. In this paper, we propose a motion capture system that tracks dynamic human motions in real time. Without using external markers, the proposed system adopts multiple depth sensors (Microsoft Kinect) to overcome the occlusion and body rotation problems. To combine the joint data retrieved from the multiple sensors, our calibration process samples a point cloud from depth images and unifies the coordinate systems in point clouds into a single coordinate system via the iterative closest point method. Using noisy skeletal data from sensors, a posture reconstruction method is introduced to estimate the optimal joint positions for consistent motion generation. Based on the high tracking accuracy of the proposed system, we demonstrate that our system is applicable to various motion-based training programs in dance and Taekwondo.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권30호
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• pp.27-57
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• 2013

19세기 말, 영화와 함께 등장한 애니메이션은 모더니즘이라는 예술사적 양식을 자양분으로 삼아 등장한 매체였다. 하지만 애니메이션과 모더니즘의 관계 설정은 주로 애니메이션의 형상들, 즉 그려진 이미지에 집중되어 왔다. 이는 애니메이션과 회화의 관계를 설명하는 것으로부터 기인한 것이었는데, 이 때문에 애니메이션에서의 움직임의 논의는 머이브릿지와 쥘 마레의 연속사진술(chromophotograph)의 전통, 또는 실사영화(live-action film)가 가진 몇 가지의 특질 속에서만 이해하였다. 그러나 애니메이션의 움직임은 기본적으로 영화나 포토그램의 지표기호적 양식(indexical style)과는 거리가 멀었으며, 재현의 대상도 달랐다. 애니메이션이 재현하는 움직임은 일상적인 움직임이 아닌, 추상화 되거나 압축된 움직임의 표현이자, 상당히 체계화된 움직임이다. 때문이 이러한 움직임은 실사영화의 포토그램적 재현과는 거리가 있다. 오히려 애니메이션에서 재현하는 움직임의 논리는 신체를 각 부분을 분할한 후, 그것들의 가동범위와 시간, 거리 등으로 통제하는 것에 가깝다. 이것은 인간 신체를 교환가능한 기계로 구성하고 파악하려 하였던 - 데카르트와 라메트리로 대표되는 - 근대 기계론의 입장으로 귀결된다. 근대사회로부터 산업사회, 그리고 모더니즘의 시기에 까지 이르는 근대 기계론의 기획은 자연으로서의 움직임이 아닌, 자연 법칙으로서의 움직임으로 파악하면서 효율적인 움직임의 구성이라는 근대 산업사회의 신체 움직임 분석에 까지 이르게 된 것이다. 19세기 말, 테일러(Taylor, F. W.)와 길브레스(Gilbreth, Frank Bunker)의 노동자 작업 시간 연구와 '동작연구'(motion study)는 기계-인간의 틀을 구성하는 근대적 방식이었는데, 이는 근대 기계론의 전통이 산업사회를 지나 모더니즘 전반에 영향을 끼쳤음을 알 수 있다. 더 나아가 이들이 진행한 동작연구들은 이후 애니메이션이 '타이밍'이라는 이름으로 연구하였던 행동분석(action analysis)과 거의 유사한 특성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2004

EEG(Electroencephalogram) provides a possibility of communicating between a human and a computer, called BCI(brain computer interface). EEG evoked by a movement has been often used as a control command of a computer. This study is to predict human movements by EEG parameters showed significant consistency. Three undergraduate students were asked to move both hands and foots thirty times respectively. Each movement consisted of single and three consecutive movements. Their EEG signals were analyzed to obtained ERD(Event Related Desynchronization) and ERS(Event Related Synchronization). The results showed that ERD and ERS could be used as a significant classifier identifying either single movement or repetitive movement of human limbs. The number of repetition of movement could be used to various control commands of a computer.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1038-1046
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• 2008

This paper presents a framework to generate human-like movements of a humanoid in real time using the movement primitive database of a human. The framework consists of two processes: 1) the offline motion imitation learning based on an Evolutionary Algorithm and 2) the online motion generation of a humanoid using the database updated bγ the motion imitation teaming. For the offline process, the initial database contains the kinetic characteristics of a human, since it is full of human's captured motions. The database then develops through the proposed framework of motion teaming based on an Evolutionary Algorithm, having the kinetic characteristics of a humanoid in aspect of minimal torque or joint jerk. The humanoid generates human-like movements far a given purpose in real time by linearly interpolating the primitive motions in the developed database. The movement of catching a ball was examined in simulation.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2001

AS human movements have the inherent property of anticipating target and can be coordinated to realize a given schedule, finger movements have stereotyped patterns during hand grasping. Finger movements have been studied in the past to find out the coordination pattern of hand joint angular movement. These studies analyzed only a few finger joints for a limited number of hand postures. This study investigated fourteen joint angles during eight hand-grasping motions to analyze the angular correlations between finger joints and to suggest motion factors which represent hand grasping. Hand grasping motions including forward arm motion were examined in ten healthy volunteers. Eight objects were used to represent real hand grasping tasks. $CyberGlove^{TM}$ and $Fasreack^{TM}$ measured hand joint angles and wrist origin. Joint angle correlations between PIJ(proximal interphalangeal joint) and MPJ(metacarpophalangeal joint) at one finger, between neighboring PIJs and MPJs were four factors related to the fast phase of hand grasping motions and eight factors related to the slow phase of hand grasping motions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

국내 게임 업계에서 비디오 게임 시장은 좁아지고 있고 그에 따른 자본과 인력 또한 줄어들고 있다. 이런 열악한 환경과 전문 기술력에서 나오는 콘텐츠의 질적 향상을 위해서는 전문 개발자가 아니더라도 보다 사실적이고 질적으로 뛰어난 콘텐츠를 제작하는 데 도움이 되는 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 대중과 평론가들에게서 캐릭터 감정 표현 및 전달이 잘 되었다고 평가받는 해외 전문 제작사의 애니메이션들을 선정하였다. 그리고 해당 애니메이션의 스크립트에서 Ekman의 6가지 기본 감정과 그레마스의 역동적 서술어를 이용해 캐릭터가 감정을 표현하는 행동을 선별하여 분석 및 분류하였다. 또한, 게임 제작 프로그램 유니티의 블렌딩 작업에 사용되는 '애니메이션 레이어'를 이용해서 캐릭터가 특정 감정을 표현하려 할 때 필요로 하는 행동들을 분석하고, 이 데이터를 사용해서 감정을 표현하는 행동을 제작해주는 프로그램의 구상안을 제안한다.