• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2000

To increase thennotolerance of forage crops, transgenic rice plants as a model for transformation of monocots were generated. A cDNA encoding the chloroplast-localized small heat shock protein (small HSP) of rice, Oshsp21, was introduced into rice plants via Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer system. Calli induced from scutella were co-cultivated with a A. tumefaciens strain EHAlOl canying a plasmid, pIGhsp21. A large number of transgenic plants were regenerated on a medium containing hygromycin. Integration of Oshsp2l gene was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analyses with genomic DNA. Northern blot and immunoblot analyses revealed that the Oshsp21 gene was constitutively expressed and accumulated as mature protein in transgenic plants. Effects of constitutive expression of the OshspZl on thermotolerance were first probed with the chlorophyll fluorescence. Results indicate that inactivation of electron transport reactions in photosystem I1 (PSII), were mitigated by constitutive expression of the Oshsp21. These results suggest that the chloroplast small HSP plays an important role in protecting photosynthetic machinery during heat stress. (Key words : Thermotolerance, Rice, Transgenic, cDNA)

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.5243-5248
• /
• 2013

Background: Triptolide, extracted from the herb Tripteryglum wilfordii Hook.f that has long been used as a natural medicine in China, has attracted much interest for its anti-cancer effects against some kinds of tumours in recent years. Artesunate, extracted from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua, has proven to be effective and safe as an anti-malarial drug that possesses anticancer potential. The present study attempted to clarify if triptolide enhances artesunate-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Methods: In vitro, to test synergic actions, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after treatment of pancreatic cancer cell lines with the two agents singly or in combination. The molecular mechanisms of apoptotic effects were also explored using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. In vivo, a tumor xenograft model was established in nude mice, for assessment of inhibitory effects of triptolide and artesunate. Results: We could show that the combination of triptolide and artesunate could inhibit pancreatic cancer cell line growth, and induce apoptosis, accompanied by expression of HSP 20 and HSP 27, indicating important roles in the synergic effects. Moreover, tumor growth was decreased with triptolide and artesunate synergy. Conclusion: Our result indicated that triptolide and artesunate in combination at low concentrations can exert synergistic anti-tumor effects in pancreatic cancer cells with potential clinical applications.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.596-602
• /
• 2006

This study evaluated neuroprotective effect of Sunghyangjungki-San (SHS) on the focal cerebral ischemia. The rats were induced infarct in cerebral cortex and caudoputamen by using temporal occlussion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO), then water extract of SHS was treated for MCAO rats. Neuroprotective effect was evaluated by neurological score, infarct sizes and total volume, positive neurons against Bax, Caspase-3, HSP-72, and $HIF-1{\alpha}$ in infarct area with immunohistochemistry. The results obtained were as follows: Treatment of SHS improved neurological score of MCAO rats, but there was not a statistical significance. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly infarct sizes in the brain sections of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly total volume of infarct of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly Bax positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly Caspase-3 positive neurons in caudoputamen and penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly HSP-72 positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly $IF-1{\alpha}$ positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
• /
• 1999.06a
• /
• pp.71.1-71
• /
• 1999

내열성 유전자 BcHSP17.6을 Agrobacterium을 매개로 하여 알팔파 캘러스에 감염 시킴으로서, 알팔파의 형질전환을 시도하였다. 알팔파 종자로부터 캘러스 유도를 위해서 소독한 종자를 SH-3 배지 (SH 배지에 2,4-D를 3mg/$\ell$ 농도로 첨가한 배지)에 치상하였으며, 28$^{\circ}C$ 암조건에서 20일간 배양하여 샘플로 사용할 캘러스를 유도하였다.(중략)

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of root of Cibotii rhizoma(CR) ethanol extract on the tissue and neuronal damage of the spinal cord injury(SCI). Methods : SCI was induced by mechanical contusion following laminectomy of 10th thoracic vertebra in Sprague-Dawley rats. CR was orally given once a day for 7 days after SCI. Tissue damage and nerve fiber degeneration were examined with cresyl violet and luxol fast blue(LFS) histochemistry. HSP72(as neuronal damage marker), MAP2(as nerve fiber degeneration marker), c-Fos(immediate early gene), and Bax(pro-apoptotic molecule) expressions were examined using immuno-histochemistry. Individual immuno-positive cells expressing HSP72, MAP2, c-Fos and Bax were observed on the damaged level and the upper thoracic and lower lumbar spinal segments. Results : 1. CR reduced degeneration of nerve fibers and motor neuron shrinkage in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment, but generally it did not seem to ameliorate the tissue injury following SCI. 2. CR reduced demyelination in the ventral and lateral funiculus of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 3. CR reduced HSP72 expression on the neurons in the peri-central canal gray matter adjacent to the damaged region. 4. CR strengthened MAP2 expression on the motor neurons in the ventral horn and on nerve fibers in the lateral funiculus of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 5. CR reduced c-Fos positive cells in the peri-lesion and the dorsal horn of the damaged level and in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 6. CR reduced Bax positive cells in the peri-lesion and the dorsal horn of the damaged level and in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment. Conclusions : These results suggest that CR plays an inhibitory role against secondary neuronal damage and nerve fiber degeneration. following SCI.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2009

목적 : 파킨슨 병은 기저핵 흑질의 치밀부에서 도파민성 신경세포의 퇴행으로 인하여 발생하는 질병으로 신경 염증이 주요 병인으로 밝혀져 있다. 이 연구는 MPTP 유발 파킨슨 병 동물 모델에서 신수혈($BL_{23}$)에 대한 봉독 약침의 항염증 효과 및 그 기전을 확인하기 위해 시행되었다. 방법 : $C57_{BL}$/6쥐를 무처치군, MPTP+saline군, MPTP+BVA(0.06mg/kg)군, MPTP+BVA(0.6mg/kg)군의 4군으로 나눈 뒤 무처치군을 제외한 모든 그룹에 총 8시간 동안 2시간 간격으로 MPTP-HCl(20mg/kg per dose$\times$4)을 복강내로 주입하였다. MPTP+BVA 군에서 봉독약침은 마지막 MPTP 주입 2시간 후부터 48시간 간격으로 신수혈($BL_{23}$)에 양측으로 각 20${\mu}\ell$씩 주입하였고 MPTP+saline군에서는 봉독약침 대신 Saline을 주입하였다. 마지막 MPTP 주입 후 7일째에 쥐의 뇌를 적출한 후 면역조직화학법을 시행하였다. 결과 : MPTP 유발 파킨슨 병 동물 모델에서 신수혈에 대한 봉독약침은 농도 의존적으로 TH-Immunoreactivity neuron의 감소와 microglial activation을 억제하였다. HSP70-IR neuron은 모든 군에서 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : 봉독약침이 용량의존적으로 microglial activation을 억제하는 효과를 통해 도파민성 신경세포의 파괴를 억제함으로써 항염 효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 이 결과는 봉독약침이 microglial activation 억제를 통해 임상적으로 파킨슨 병과 같은 신경 퇴행성 질병에 있어 유용한 치료수단이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.562-567
• /
• 2008

To develop human risk assessment protocols, we explored housekeeping gene and cytokine expression in mouse spleen cells using Rt-PCR. We normalized housekeeping gene expression by RT-PCR; gene expression was highly uniform in potato leafs and mouse spleen cells. We measured the expression of frequently used housekeeping genes, such as those encoding APRT, $\beta$-tubulin, Actin, Hsp 20.2, Cyclophilin, 18S RNA, Efla, Tbp, GAPDH, $\beta$-actin, Tuba2, Hprt, Cyclophlin A, Tfrc, and RPL13A in mice fed GM or non-GM potatoes. Housekeeping gene expression did not show any significant differences between GM and non-GM potato-fed mice. The murine model of potato-fed mice did not express IL-4 and IL-13 at a significant levels.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 1998

Treatment of $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura nephritis(HSPN) accomanied by nephrotic syndrome is still controversal, even though both corticosteroids and immunosuppressants have been used for therapy. Azathioprine(AZA) is a chemical analog of the physiologic purines-adenine, guanine, and hyoxanthine and an antagonist to purine metabolism which may inhibit RNA and DNA synthesis and is mainly used for immunosuppressive agent. We studied the effects of AZA in HSPN accompanied by nephrotic syndrome and evaluating the clinical status and histopathologic changes by sequential biopsies following the treatment. Fifteen patients with nehprotic syndrome either initially or during the course of HSPN confirmed by renal biopsies were treated with AZA(2 mg/kg/day) and prednisolone (0.5-1 mg/kg/day qod) for 8months. Folow up renal biopsy was done after treatment in 11 patients. The clinical status of the patients on admission were C(12 cases) and B(3 cases). Improvement of clinical status were showed in 12 cases, but 3 cases were not improved and 1 case was aggrevated after AZA treatment. Complete remission of proteinuria were in 8 cases(53.3%), partial remission were in 4 cases(26.7%) and persistence of proteinuria and hematuria were in 3 cases(20.0%). The loss of hematuria were in 10 cases(66.7%). Histopathologically and immunopathologically, 4 cases were improved. This study suggests that, although control studies are needed, AZA could be used in the treatment of HSPN accompanied by nephrotic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.177-189
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to verify the relationships between the expression values of stress-related markers and their production performances in 25 strains of Korean domestic chicken breeds. For stress response markers, the amount of telomeric DNA; expression levels of heat shock protein (HSP)-70, $HSP-90{\alpha}$, and $HSP-90{\beta}$; and comet scores were analyzed. Production performances were measured by the survival rate, body weights, days at first egg laying, egg weight and hen housed egg production. The results showed that the production traits and values of stress-related markers showed significant differences between strains. In general, the stress response of pure bred chickens with heavy weights was relatively high, while that of hybrid chickens with light weights was relatively low. The correlation coefficients between telomere contents and body weights showed that there were weak negative relationships. However, the correlations of telomere content with the survival rate and egg production were weakly positive after 20 weeks old. The expression levels of HSP genes and DNA damage rate (comet scores) were positively correlated to body weight, but were negatively correlated to the survival rate and egg production. The results implied that increasing body weight was associated with increasing HSPs expression and the DNA damage rate was associated with decreasing telomere content. In addition, increasing HSPs expression and the DNA damage rate decreased the survival rate and egg production, but the relationships with the telomere content was the reverse. Correlations among the stress-related markers showed that there were significant correlation coefficients between all of the marker values. HSPs expression was negatively correlated to the telomere content, while it was positively correlated to the DNA damage rate. There was a highly negative correlation between the telomere content and DNA damage rate. In conclusion, increasing the HSP values and DNA damage rate can promote telomere reduction, which led to a decrease in disease resistance and robustness of the chicken. Thus, increasing the stress response was verified to adversely affect the laying performance and viability of chickens.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2000

Purpose : Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura(HSP) is a common pediatric discase presenting most frequently with skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestations. The prognosis of HSP is mainly determined by the involvement of the kidney, but prognostic markers have not been established. We evaluated the patients who have HSP nephritis with nephrotic syndrome. Method : Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were observed and analyzed in 34 cases with HSP which were manifested by nephrotic syndrome hospitalized at Kyung Hee university Hospital during the period from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 1998. Results : 1) Male to female ratio was 1.3:1, and mean age at onset was 8.3 year. 2) Mean duration from symptom onset to renal biopsy was 10.5 weeks. 3) Proportion of patients presenting with acute nephritis was 32.4$\%$, gross hematuria 17.6$\%$, microscopic hematuria 50$\%$. 4) The findings of renal biopsy were 20 cases of grade II, 11 cases of grade III, 2 cases of grade I, 1 case of grade IV according to classification by ISKDC. 5) Patients with grade I were recovered with no residual defect, but patients with grade IV shows active renal disease(states C). Conclusion : Among the 디le patients with Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura accompanying nephrotic syndrome, more aggressive treatment might be needed in patients showing crescents formation on renal biopsy. A prospective study will be needed to explore the progression of this disease.