• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1989

The purpose of this stud is : (1) to figure out the amount of time being usually spent on the housework performed by the employed wives and (2) to find out factors influencing the total and the specified housework time. The major findings are the following : 1) A employed wife spends 374 minutes(6.2 hours) on the average a day on the housework. Compared with research results of the past, this shows little difference, and less 157 minutes than full time homeworker. Time connected with meals is 123minutes, clothing (68), management and marketing(64), family care(61), and housing care(58). 2) Family environment variables (the wife's education level, wife's employment status, income, young child's age and presence of employed housekeeper) significantly differentiates the housework time. In general, a wife with higher SES level spends less time for housework except family care. 3) Housework related variables (planning, preference, performance competency, and performance stand rd) significantly differentiate the specified houseworks. High planning, preference, and performance competency do not necessarily diminish the housework time except routine houseworks. High performance standard causes her to spend more time. 4) A wife' sex-role attitudes and a husbands attitudes perceived are more traditional, she spends more time.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the general degree of expectation and performance of the housework socialization of rural homemakers, to investigate their relationships to demographic variables and to investigate the influence of the performance of housework socialization in relation to the expectation of it. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Rural homemakers’housework socialization score is the upper medium range. 2. The performance of housework socialization was somewhat affected by variables such as the education of homemakers, types of farm, years of residence in rural area, yearly income and employment of homemakers. 3. The expectation of housework socialization was significantly affected by variables such as the education of homemakers, types of farm and yearly income. 4. The expectation of housework socialization was significantly different depending on the utilization of grouped, the utilization of commodities and the utilization of household equipment, as subdomains of the performance on the housework socialization.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.37-51
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• 1993

The Objects of this study are: 1. To compare the housework time of housewives by region and employment status. 2. To compare the economic value of housework by region and employment status. 3. To evaluate the economic value of housework by each method. The subjects of this study were 815 housewives living in Taegu and Kyungsangpookdo. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentile, T-test, ANOVA and Seheffe test by SPSS PC programs: 1) The average housework time was 7.8hours per day. Full-time housewives spent 8.2hours and employed housewives spent 6.7hours to housework. 2) Partially there were significant difference in economic value of housework by employment status. 3) Estimates of economic value of housework by each method of evaluation are : (unit : won) sample mean method monthly (1) Specialized substitute method 587,080 (2) Overall substitute method 760,640 (3) Opportunity cost method 556,060 (4) Reservation wage method 534,070 (5) Subjective evalution method 644,540

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.45-64
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• 1987

In this study the phenomenon of commodity substitution of housework is approach in the contexts of economic system, patriachal family system and housework-related human resources. the objectives of this study are as follows: (1) To measure the level of commodity substitution of housework in large cities. (2)To investigate the factors influencing commodity substitution of housework. The samples were composed of 982 housewives dwelling in 6 large cities including Seoul. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency distribution, percetile. multiple regression analysis. The major findings are the following; (1) When the housework was divided into two subdomains , in the domain of food the purchase level was for below average while in the domain of clothes, the level was quite higher than average. This result hows that commodity substitution has become more common in the domain of clothes by mass production of clothes on a commercial scale. (2) the level of commodity substitution of housework was influenced by the family attribute variables such as housewife's age, family income. housewife's education, family types, housewife's brought-up regions, presence of sewing machine, employment status of housewife, by one patriarchal norm variable such as home-orientedness, and by tow human resource variables such as importance of housework and household tasks performance competnecy. Among variables house wife's age was the most influential one and such variables as family income, housewife's education, household task performance competency, importance of housework, and home-orientedness were also important. Considering that the influence of home-orientedness demonstrates the importance of patriarchy and that importance of housework and that performance competency also are determined by the patriarchal variables such as sex-role attitude and home-orientedness, we can conclude that Hartmann's theoretical approach with which the changes of housework were explained in the two contexts of economic system and family system is applied to the changes of housework in Korea.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2009

본 연구는 시간일지 방식의 생활시간조사와 서베이문항 방식의 노동패널 자료를 대상으로 하여 탐색적 수준에서 측정방식의 차이가 성별 가사노동시간 추정에서 어떤 차이를 낳는지를 비교하였다. 연구결과 우리나라의 경우 서베이문항 방식에서 남성은 자신의 가사노동시간을 과다보고하고 여성은 과소보고하는 경향을 나타냈다. 보고차이에 관한 기존연구에 비추어 볼 때 남성의 과다보고는 일치하지만 여성의 과소보고는 매우 독특하다. 하위집단별 가사노동시간 분포를 살펴보면, 남성의 경우 사별/이혼자 집단에서 과다보고의 경향이 뚜렷이 나타난 반면 여성의 경우 유급노동, 돌봄 및 가사노동 부담이 큰 집단에서 과소보고의 경향이 나타났다. 이러한 보고차이는 가사노동과 관련된 젠더화된 사회규범과 시간부족 인식에 비추어 설명될 수 있었다. 기존연구에서는 과소보고에 대한 이론이 제대로 발달되지 않았는데, 본 연구는 시간부족 인식이 여성의 과소보고를 설명하는 중요한 이론적 가설이 될 수 있음을 제언하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the introduced household machines during the industrial period and the effect of them on housework. This study utilized the methods of historical research. The major findings of this research were as follows; (1) The method and process of housework was altered dramatically by the introduction and spread of household machines during the industrial period. (2) Household machines made housework more easy and timesaving but they had little effect on the houseworker's total burdens because of the rising standares, the addition of new housework and the return of housework to the home which had bean substituted by the market services.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 1990

The purpose of this study were to investigate : 1) Differences of perceived time pressure according to the employment status of housewife. 2) The differences of housework strategy according to the employment status of housewife. 3) The relation between perceived time pressure and housework performance strategy. The subject of this study were 375 women living in Seoul, the age of youngest child is at least school age. They were composed of non employed housewives, employed professional housewives and employed non professional housewives. Survery methods were questionare and interview. Data analysis strategy were percentile, frequency, one-way ANOVA, scheffe test and MCA. The major findings were : 1) Perceived time pressure and two sub areas, psychological time pressure and time pressure according to the part of housework were significantly different according to the employment status of housewife. The independent influence of employment status of housewives was most po erful in regression analysis. 2) Housework performance strategy was different according to the employment status of housewife. The strategies were divisions of housework amon family members, use of convenience goods, services, appliance, paid help, adjustment of housework performance standard, reduction of leisure and sleep time.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare the division of housework of urban couples in Korea and Japan. The data for 214 Korean couples living in Seoul and 162 Japanese couples in Tokyo were collected using structured questionnaires and time diaries. The division of housework were analyzed according to employed status of wives. The results were as follows; Generally Koreans and Japanese had similar patterns in the division of housework between husbands and wives. Husbands of full-time employed wives spent more time on housework than husbands of part-time employed wives and full-time wives. But the division of housework between spouse of part-time employed wives in Japan was a little different from that of Korean partners. Especially the husbands of full-time employed wives in Japan do housework the most among all types of husbands.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.99-111
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to survey alternative methods of valuation of housework, and then to estimate the economic value of housework done by fulltime housewives in Korea. Four different methods-Self Estimation by Housewives, Opportunity Cost, Individual Function Cost and Housekeeper Replacement cost-are tried for the estimation of economic value of housework. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The economic value of housework varies substantially by the methods of estimation. The average are: *Estimates of Economic values of Housework by Each Method of Estimation (2) The economic value of housework varies with the level of education, ages, household income, the size of family, the number of children, the number of preschool children.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.153-162
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptional transition of housework from the ancient society to the modern society. In the ancient society, there was no difference in the meaning between domestic life and housework, it was thought that they were whole unity. In the medieval society, there was a beginning to differenciate the meaning between domestic life and housework, but there was no actual division between the one and the other. But in the modern society, it is thought that domestic life and housework is not only differenciated in concept, but also divided actually.