• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.138-148
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• 2019

Although social relation factors are confirmed to be closely associated with the depression level of the elderly through the preceding studies, there has been no specific study on subfactors of social relation that influence the trajectory of depression level. Considering such limitation, this study aims to analyze influencing subfactors of social relation on the trajectory of depression of the elderly. The 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th-year data of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Ageing (KLoSA), which were provided by the Korea Employment Information Service (KEIS), were used in this study and 2,484 people aged 65 and over who responded to all the four-session surveys were used as final analysis subjects. In the result of the longitudinal study on depression level of the elderly aged 65 and over, the individual depression level was confirmed become lowered over time, showing a positive change. Also, the conditional model of Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) was applied to identify specific social network factors that influence the longitudinal change of depression level of the elderly. In the result of the analysis, it was found that initial value of depression of the elderly was influenced by whether they have a spouse or not, number of household member, meeting with close people, whether they do economic activity or not, whether they have a religion or not, etc. and the rate of change in depression of the elderly was influenced by number of household member, meeting with close people, expectation about life, etc. Through above results, this study suggests a need for specific programs and supports to continuously lower the depression level of the elderly.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.999-1014
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of long-term care insurance(macro-system) on family relationship(micro-system)s' change based on ecosystems theory. Data come from the second(2007) and the fourth(2009) Korean Welfare Panel Study(KWPS). Experimental group is the beneficiary using long-term care insurance and the member of household in their households, and control group is the non-beneficiary not using long-term care insurance and the member of household in their households. The main findings of difference-in-difference model analysis are as follows. First, the ecosystems theory is a theory examining the correlation between long-term care insurance and family relationship. Second, the effects of long-term care insurance is not income effect but independent effect. This result shows that the meaning of family has faded away and family relationship has been weaken and that long-term care insurance has not complete characteristics as a social insurance. Thus, system reforms of long-term care insurance is highly needed for system comprehensiveness, coverage, adequacy, and service accessibility and is changed into family-friendly social policy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.6913-6917
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• 2015

Background: Due to the rapid progress of industrialization, the expansion of the nuclear family, and an increase in women's social activities, the burden of care of cancer patients has increased, so that all family members are now involved in care. We compared the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between members of families of cancer patients (hereafter, cancer families) and members of cancer-free families (non-cancer families). Materials and Methods: The data were from the Community Health Survey (2012). The study population included respondents at least 30 years of age. Data were adjusted for the following covariates: sex, age, education, marital status, household income, economic activity, household type, chronic disease, and perceived health status. Frequency analysis, analyses of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. Results: Among 163,495 respondents, 3,406 (2.1%) were part of a cancer family and 160,089 (97.9%) were part of a non-cancer family. Cancer families had lower EQ-5D scores than non-cancer families. However, by subgroup, the scores had significant association between cancer and non-cancer families only for females and for those who worked. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between HRQOL scores and being a family member of a cancer patient. This indicates that the responsibility for care has been extended to the entire family, not only the primary caregiver.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.87-97
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• 2013

This study tried to explore the quantitative travel heterogeneity between elderly and non elderly people, focusing on urban and rural areas in south Chungcheong province. For the analysis, a PLS(Partial least square) model is applied with economic and traffic environment characteristics of the urban and rural areas. The characteristics of elderly and non elderly people in the urban and rural areas are derived from the 2011 person trip survey. As a result, the study found out that the key factors affect on elderly people in the urban and rural areas are bus operation interval, number of bus operation routes, number of household member, and a monthly average income of household. In case of non elderly people, areas economic factors such as GRDP, the rate of economic activity, and employment status as well as those of elderly people. Meanwhile, female elderly people in rural area have more sensitivity compared to male elderly people and the gender heterogeneity is not revealed in non elderly people.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.159-178
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• 2011

Korea ranks high among the OECD member countries with a high out-of-pocket share. In 2006, the government implemented in full scale the policy of extending the health insurance benefit coverage. Included in the policy are lowering the out-of-pocket share of patients of serious case and expanding the medical bill ceiling system to mention just a few. This study proposes to confirm effectiveness of the benefit extension policy by identifying changes in 'out-of-pocket expenditure as a share of the ability to pay' and 'incidence rate of catastrophic health care expenditure' of each individual household as manifested before and after the benefit extension policy was implemented. The 1st and 3rd year data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA), were used for the analysis, where low-income households and ordinary households are sampled separately. While the absolute amount of 'out-of-pocket expenditure' occurred to the average household increased for the period 2005-2007, the 'out-of-pocket expenditure as a share of the ability to pay' decreased. At the same time, the share decreased in the case of low-income households and households with patients of chronic or serious case as contrasted with ordinary households. 'Incidence rates of catastrophic health care expenditure' of ordinary households for 2007 stood at 14.6%, 5.9% and 2.8% at the threshold of 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively. The rates decreased overall between 2005 and 2007, while those of low-income households with patients of serious case statistically significantly increased. An analysis of this study indicates that it is related with the medical bill ceiling system regardless of incomes introduced in 2007.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.163-188
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• 2012

This study examines recent trends in income inequality among the elderly in Korea. Aggregate income inequality trends are explained by examining evidence from inequality index decomposition by population subgroup and by income source. Data come from Korean Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS). The results are as follows. First, elderly income inequality increased from 1999 to 2002, and then decreased until 2008. Second, household composition changes appear to have disequalizing influence. The proportion of elderly people who are economically dependent on non-elderly family member or living with adult children has declined. Equalizing influence of private transfers also decreased between 2002 and 2008. These results indicate that the redistributive role of family has weakened over time. Third, the improvement of education level and changing occupational structure among the elderly household head contributed to increase in elderly income inequality. Fourth, earning's factor share has declined steadily, and the diminishing role of earnings provides equalizing influence on elderly income inequality from 2002 to 2008. Fifth, the impact of recent expansion of social insurance has changed over time. Inequality contribution of social insurance income increased from 1999 to 2002, and then decreased from 2002 to 2008.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 2016

This study verified the water saving effect in case of raising water rate depends on water rate awareness. The study results showed that the perceived appropriacy of government aid(p<.001), home water rate(p<.01), water rate pricing system, water rate, water rate diffrences depend on use and area(p<.05) significantly affected the degree of agreement of raising water rate. Also, education, residence, member of household, occipation, monthly household income, monthly water rate significantly affected the degree of agreement of raising water rate, consumer behavior for saving water. This study provided implication for water rate pricing policy by analyzing the water saving effect in case of raising water rate depends on water rate awareness and revealing the determinants of the degree of agreement of raising water rate.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.190-202
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• 1997

Mothers with cerebral palsy children have much stress that is related to the care of children with cerebral palsy and to other household duties, and this state of the mother has an effect on the cerebral palsy child and on other household member. Mothers in such stressful situations use various coping patterns. The purpose of this study was as follows : to develop instruments that can be used for measuring the stress and coping patterns of mothers with cerebral palsy children, and to test a hypothetical model on the relationship between the mother's stress, her coping patterns and the variable affecting the stress and coping patterns. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The stress scale was composed of 44 items and Cronbach's α was .94, and the coping pattern scale was composed of 19 items and Cronbach's α was. 80. The mean score of stress scale was 136.12 out of a total of 220, and the mean score of the coping scale was 72.87 in a total of 95. 2. In test of the hypothetical model, it was found that extra-care demand, the support of the husband, the degree of handicap, health status and self-esteem had statistically significant influence on the mother's stress(r=.285,-.262,-.133, -.126). And the support of the husband, formal support, informal support, and economic status were found to have statitically significant influence on the mother's coping patterns (r=.412, .178, 178, .138).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1637-1645
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• 2011

This study explores the plausible socio-economic variables that influence joint choice of tenure and dwelling type in Cheonan. For estimating these joint choice models, multinomial logit framework is employed. Following the practice of other studies, we chose the age of householder, education level of householder, occupation of householder, residence duration in Cheonan, experience of capital area residence, plan of capital area move and the monthly income of household as socio-economic variables, and size of house, access of subway area, residence area as house characteristics. According to the estimation result, we can derive som implications. For example, the higher monthly income of household, more member of student, bigger size of house, longer residence duration of Cheonan, the more they prefer owing house apartment to renting it. In addition, as householders are older, size of house is bigger, they prefer owing-non apartment to owing house-apartment.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 1984

This study aims to present basic data for a reasonable home management through investigating the change of home economy conditions incidental to the family life cycle, also through analyzing the effect of socio-anthropological variables on the family-life cycle. The data investigation using the questionnaires method was conducted on housewives in Seoul as the central census tract. Housewives as the subject of investigation were chosen by the method of the purpose-sampling in consideration of the regional differences and the socio-economical strata. Nine hundred and forty questionnaires were distributed to housewives but seven hundred questionnaires were collected. Only five hundred and ten questionnaires of them were analyzed in this study. The frequency and the percentage of collected data, first of all, were founded in order to grasp the general characteristics of the subject of investigation. To classify the stage of family life cycle, the correlations of the classifying factors among each group were examined x2 Test and One-Way ANOVA were applied to explore the differences among each stage of the change of household-economy. And the effect of socio-anthropological variables on the change of household- economy was analyzed by Two-way ANOVA. the conclusions derived from the results of this study are as follows; 1) The marriage-period and the educational conditions of the first child were selected as the classifying factors through analyzing correlation among the age, the marriage-period and the educational conditions of their children. As a result of this analysis, the family life cycle were classified into seven stages: Stage 1; Establishment Stage 2; Preschool family Stage 3; Elementary school family stage 6; Adult period family Stage7; Marriage period family . 2) The change of household economy incidental to the progress of family life cycle has a significant differences in all of variables (except the other member of family's income) Stage 1; Though the husband's income and the income from property are on a low level, the total income is on a high level due to the housewife's income. Stage 2; The total income is on a low level owing to the decrease of house wife's income, though the husband's income keep growing. Stage 3; Owing to the increase of husband's income, the cost of living as well as the total income keeps growing but the savings are on the decrease. Stage 4; Compared with Stage 3, the total income tends to be on a low level but the living expenses are on the increase. Stage 5; The husband's income is on the highest level in the stages of family life cycle. The total income and the living expenses are on a high level. Stage 6; The income of husband and housewife are on the remarkable decrease but the children's income is on the increase. Stage 7; Owing to the increase of the children's income and the income from property, the total income is on the highest level in the stages of family life cycle. 3) Considering the effect of socio-anthropological variables on the conditions of household-economy, family system has an significant effect on children's income. the husband's occupation exerts a significant effect upon the housewife's and children's income. The husband's schooling exercises an effect upon the children's income. S.E.S has a important effect on the income of husband, housewife and children. From the above results, it is found that the change of household-economy conditions is incidental to the progress of family life cycle. Therefore, a suitable measure to cope with the desire of family and the conditions of household-economy should be prepared, in order to carry on a reasonable home management.