• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1265-1274
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the extraction characteristics including total polyphenol compound content (TPC) and the antioxidative effect of Rumex crispus root extract on commercial corn oil. Extraction yield was increased with extraction temperature but decreased with extraction ratio. No significant differences in aromatics content were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction conditions; extraction ratio, extraction temperature, extraction pH and composition of extractant. Total flavonoid content of the extract was increased with extraction temperature and extraction pH, and highest value of it was found when extractant composition of ethanol in water was 75%. Total polyphenol compound content (TPC) of the extract with 10 fold extraction ratio showed the highest value, but no significant difference in TPC was found with extraction temperature. Reducing power and DPPH (${\alpha}$,${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging ability (RSA) of the extract in spectrophotometric absorbance were decreased with extraction ratio but increased with extraction temperature and showed 63.1%~98.4% and 67.6%~86.7% of those of ascorbic acid in reducing power and DPPH RSA, respectively. The antioxidative effects of the extract on corn oil were 84.8~93.0% of that of commercial butylated hydroxytoluene, the antioxidant index value was highest when the ethanol composition to water in extractant was equal ratio.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1116-1123
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• 2020

Velvet antler (VA) is a historically traditional medicinal supplement and is well known in Asian countries for its pharmaceutical and health benefits. The objectives for this study were to optimize the hot water extraction (HWE) of VA for the Korean VA industry, and to determine the most effective pretreatment method among microwave (MW), ultrasonication (US), and enzymatic (EZ) techniques. Using response surface methodology, optimum extraction temperatures and times were determined by central composite design configuration based on extraction yield and sialic acid content. Various quality parameters of VA extract including yield, soluble solid, protein, and sialic acid contents were also compared with the conjunction of HWE and pretreatment. The yield and sialic acid content of VA extract were determined to be 40% and 0.73 mg/g, respectively, under an optimum temperature of 100℃ at 24 h of extraction time. The yields from VA extracts pretreated with MW, US, and EZ were 17.42%, 19.73%, and 29.15%, respectively. Among the tested commercial enzymes, pepsin was the most effective proteolytic enzyme and led to the highest yield (47.65%), soluble solids (4.03 °brix), protein (1.12 mg/ml), and sialic acid (3.04 mg/ml) contents from VA extract.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권6호통권90호
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• pp.936-941
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• 2005

녹차 잎을 건조 분말하여 래디칼 소거기능을 추출하는 공정으로 순환 이산화탄소유체추출기를 활용할 때의 추출 최적조건을 구하였다. 건조한 녹차 잎의 분말사이즈는 80/100 mesh로 하고, 추출 압력과 온도를 각각 125 kgf 및 $25^{\circ}C$로 12시간 추출한 경우 가장 추출효율이 좋았다. 또한 용매를 열수추출과 에탄을 농도 를 달리한 추출 방법으로 나누어 래디칼 소거기능을 추출하였다. 그 결과, 에탄올 $95\%$농도에서 추출한 경우 가장 효율이 높았으며, 온도는 $100^{\circ}C$로 30분 추출이 최적 조건이었다. 각 추출 방법에 따른 추출 수율과 안정성을 비교한 결과, 이산화탄소유체를 이용한 녹차 래디칼 소거기능 추출 공정이 열수나 에탄올에 비하여 각각 2.8배 및 1.87배 수율이 높았으며, 안정성 실험에서도 활성의 소실이 거의 없었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.458-463
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• 2011

The effect of subcritical water for the extraction of total polyphenols and flavonoids from apple peel was investigated, and then the antioxidant activity of the extracts was estimated. Maximum yields of total polyphenolic compounds($36.4{\pm}1.9mg$ quercetin equivalent(QE)/g dried material) and flavonoids($9.9{\pm}0.8mg$ QE/g dried material) were obtained by subcritical water extraction(SWE) with operating conditions of $190^{\circ}C$, 1,300 psi, and 20 min. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant activity($76.1{\pm}1.1%$) was observed in the extract obtained from SWE using the same conditions. The flavonoids from the SWE of apple peel were compared to three conventional extraction methods in terms of their extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity. The SWE was significantly more effective than hot water ($90^{\circ}C$), methanol, and ethanol extraction for flavonoid yield by 4.7-, 2.2-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, and for antioxidant activity by 11.0-, 4.9, and 2.8-fold, respectively.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.913-918
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• 2013

해조류 유래 유용성분 추출을 위한 초음파 추출법의 적용성을 검토하였다. 동결건조한 감태 분말로부터 열수($65^{\circ}C$), 물($24^{\circ}C$), 50% 에탄올 및 100% 에탄올 뿐만 아니라 초음파 추출을 수행하여, 추출물을 제조하였다. 추출물의 페놀성 화합물 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 및 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 분석하고, 초음파 추출과 전통적인 추출법의 차이를 비교하였다. 초음파 추출에 의한 감태 추출물의 페놀성 화합물의 함량(142.80 mg/g)은 열수 추출물의 페놀성 화합물 함량(10.03 mg/g)의 약 14배 이상 높았다. 열수 추출물에 비해 초음파 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 약 4배, tyrosinase 저해 활성은 약 14배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 초음파 추출법에 의한 추출물에서의 페놀성 화합물 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성 및 페놀성 화합물 함량과 tyrosinase 저해 활성간의 상관관계가 매우 높은 것(각각 $R^2$=99.47 및 99.99)으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 전통적인 용매 추출법보다 초음파 추출법이 감태의 유용성분 추출에 더 적합함을 의미한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.828-832
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• 1990

표고버섯의 갓과 자루부위의 품질상태를 비교하고 에탄올 농도와 추출시간을 달리하여 extract를 제조한 후 수율, 환원당, 유리아미노산, 핵산관련물질을 조사하였다. 추출용매 및 추출시간의 변화에 따른 이들 함량의 변화를 보면 수율은 갓과 자루부위 모두 열수추출시 다소 높았고 환원당은 열수추출시 갓의 경우 4시간에서 488.18 mg%, 자루의 경우 3시간에서 452.12 mg%로서 나타났다. 유리아미노산은 부위에 관계없이 갓과 자루에서 각각 2시간, 3시간 열수추출시 528.46, 221.01 mg%로 가장 높았으며 고미성 아미노산은 갓의 경우25% 에탄올 용액으로 5시간 추출시 29%를 차지하였으며, 자루의 경우 50% 에탄올을 이용시 37%에 달했다. 핵산관련물질의 함량은 자루부위보다 갓부위에서 높게 나타났으며 추출용매의 농도는 25% 에탄올에서 부위에 관계없이 그 추출율이 가장 높았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum extraction method suitable for the availability of biological activities in unripe apples known to be rich in functional components. Unripe apples 'Hongro' picked on May 28th, 2019 were extracted by various extraction methods (hot water, ethanol, enzymatic pre-treatment, ultrasonic wave, and subcritical water) and their extracts were investigated yield, effective component contents, and antioxidant activities. Overall, the yields by the extraction solvent were higher in water than in organic solvent(ethanol) because water-soluble compounds were eluted from a polar solvent. Total phenol contents of the ultrasonic wave (ethanol) extracts were significantly higher in 6 times than hot water extract. Contents of flavonoid were highest in the ethanol extract at 29.14 mg QE/g. Contents of tannin and ursolic acid were also significantly higher in the ultrasonic wave (ethanol) extract. The DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging activities were the strongest in the ultrasonic wave (ethanol) extract. Correlation between effective components and antioxidant activities was high in the total phenol content with ABTS and the ursolic acid content with DPPH (p<0.01). The above results suggested that ultrasonic wave (ethanol) extract of unripe apples has the potential to act as a functional material.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.779-783
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• 1999

마이크로파 전처리와 열수 추출방법으로 알긴산을 추출하여 용해성, 점성 및 분자량을 비교$\cdot$검토하였다. 마이크로파 전처리 온도에 따른 수율은 미역이 다시마 보다 높았고, 온도가 높을수록 더욱 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 미역의 경우 처리 시간 90분 이상에서는 영향을 받지 않았고, 다시마의 경우는 처리 시간 120분까지 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 수율의 측면에서 미역 및 다시마의 마이크로파 전처리 조건은 $100^{\circ}C$에서 90분과 $100^{\circ}C$에서 120분이 각각 적절하였다. 마이크로파 처리에 있어서 추출 온도는 용해도와 점도에 영향은 주었는데, $80^{\circ}C$에서는 미역과 다시마의 각각 용해도가 $69\%,\;77\%$였고, $100^{\circ}C$에서는 $86\%,\;94\%$였다. $100^{\circ}C$마이크로파 전처리 시료의 경우, 원료와 처리 시간에 관계없이 탄산나트륨으로 추출한 알긴산에 비해 $5\%$ 이하의 점도를 보였다 한편, 열수 추출 온도가 알긴산의 추출에 미치는 영향은 다시마보다 미역에서 컸으며, 추출 시간 경과로 수율이 증가하였다. 다시마도 유사한 경향을 보였으나 미역에 비해 그 폭은 작았다. 용해도는 추출 온도 $60^{\circ}C$를 제외하고는 추출 온도가 높아져도 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 분자량은 기존의 탄산나트륨을 이용한 추출법으로 제조된 알긴산의 분자량은 80만이 넘는 것으로 확인되었고, 마이크로파 전처리 및 열수 추출한 알긴산의 경우는 분자량이 12,000$\~$45,000 정도로 매우 작았다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2011

Hemicelluloses pre-extracted from Korean mixed wood chip were investigated as a wet-end additive. Hemicelluloses dissolved in hot water and alkali solution were isolated by ethyl alcohol precipitation from pre-extractives. They showed molecular weight of 9,000 ~ 27,000 g/mol as revealed by size exclusion chromatography. The reduction of molecular weight through hot water extraction was caused by autohydrolysis. Chemical composition of the hemicelluloses were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography and UV-Vis spectroscopy. As the surface charge of isolated hemicelluloses were negative, the adsorption of hemicelluloses onto softwood unbleached kraft pulp fiber was promoted by poly-DADMAC. The physical properties of handsheets increased as the molecular weight of hemicellulose increased. On the other hands, the optical property decreased with hemicellulose adsorption.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.635-641
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• 2014

Scutellaria baicalensis $G_{EORGI}$ (Scutellariae Radix) has been used to clear heat and to dry dampness in the stomach or intestines, which manifests as diarrhea or dysenteric disorder. In this study, we investigated the effective preparation of active components in Scutellariae Radix using the methods of solvent extraction and absorption fractionation for the development of new functional food or pharmaceuticals. The marker substances, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, and wogonin were directly isolated from the Scutellariae Radix. There chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The Scutellariae Radix was extracted with hot water. To enhance yield of flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix, the hot water extract was dissolved in ethanol with concentration dependent manner. The precipitates were separated using centrifugal techniques at 10,000 rpm. Supernatant liquid was applied to the HPLC for quantification of major compounds. Separately, the hot water extract was absorbed on Diaion HP-20 resin. And then, the absorbed fraction was eluted with methanol for HPLC. The contents of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin in different treatment methods were analyzed by HPLC. Total amount of four major components were 16.9% in 50% ethanol extract, 21.7% in 70% ethanol extract, 20.5% in 90% ethanol extract, and 39.3% in absorbed fraction of Diaion HP-20 resin. In these results, we found that resin absorption method is suitable for the extraction of enriched flavonoids from Scutellariae Radix.