• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2010

터널화재 시 위험을 경감시키기 위해 설치하는 물분무설비의 성능을 실대 시험을 통해 확인하였다. A급 화재, Pool 화재 및 차량화재시 물분무노즐은 뜨거운 연기의 온도를 낮추는데 효과가 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 터널에 기류가 존재하는 경우에도 냉각효과가 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 이 결과를 통해 물분무설비는 터널화재 시 기류온도를 낮춤으로써 fire jump를 방지하고, 주위의 시설물을 보호할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 1983

조미진주담치 건제품의 품질을 개선하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 진주담치를 원료로서 레토르트 파우치 조미진주담치건제품의 제조 및 저장중의 품질안정성에 대하여 검토하였다. 원료진주담치를 설탕 $1\%$, sorbitol $15\%$, glycerol $10\%$, 식염 $3\%$, monosodium glutamate $0.5\%$, 5-ribotide $0.5\%$ 및 물 $70\%$의 조미액에 $5^{\circ}C$에서 16시간 동안 침지시킨 다음 훈액처리($10\%$ Smoke EZ용액, 30초침지)한 후 가볍게 건조한다. 이것을 polyester/polyvinylidene chloride/말연신 polypropylene ($12{\mu}m/15{\mu}m/50{\mu}m$) 필름주머니를 사용하여 진공포장한 후 조리와 살균을 겸하여 열수순환식 레토르트에서 $120^{\circ}C$, 26분간 가열처리한 다음 급냉하여 레토르트 파우치 조미진주담치 건제품을 가공할 수 있었다. 이 제품은 $35^{\circ}C$에서 70일간 품질이 안정하게 유지되었으며, 특히 훈액처리조작은 제품의 색조와 향미를 개선하는 효과가 있었다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 1998

In the case of a fire disaster in a uni-directional road tunnel, it is important to determine the critical ventilation velocity to prevent the backflow travelling toward the tunnel exit where vehicles are stopped. The critical ventilation velocity is horizontal velocity to prevent hot smoke from moving toward the tunnel exit. According to Froude modelling, the model tunnel whcih was 300mm in diameter and 21 m in length was made of acryl tubes. Inner section of acryl tubes was clothed with polycarbonate. 1/20 scaled model vehicles were installed to simulate the situation that vehicles are stopped in the tunnel exit. Methanol in a pool type burner was burned in the middle of tunnel to simulate a fire hazard. In this study, the basis of determining the critical ventilation velocity is the ventilation flow rate that is able to maintain the allowable CO concentration in the tunnel section. We assumed that the allowable CO concentration was backflow dispersion index. Futhermore, We intended to find out CO distribution and temperature distribution according as we changed ventilation velocity. The results of this study were that no backflow happened when ventilation velocity was 0.52 m/s in the case of 5.75 kW. If we adapt these results of a fire disaster releasing 10MW heat capacity in real tunnel which is 400m in length, no backflow happens when ventilation velocity is 2.31m/s. After we figured out dimensionless heat release rate and dimensionless ventilation velocity of model test and those of real test to verify experimental correctness, we tried to find out correlation between experimental results of model tunnel and those of real tunnel.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.386-392
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• 2017

Background: Fire service workers often implement multiple duties in the emergency conditions, with such duties being mostly conducted in various ambient temperatures. Methods: The aim of the current study was to assess the firefighters' physiological responses, information processing, and working memory prior to and following simulated firefighting activities in three different hot environments. Seventeen healthy male firefighters performed simulated firefighting tasks in three separate conditions, namely (1) low heat (LH; $29-31^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity), (2) moderate heat (MH; $32-34^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity), and (3) severe heat (SH; $35-37^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity). It took about 45-50 minutes for each firefighter to finish all defined firefighting activities and the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT). Results: At the end of all the three experimental conditions, heart rate (HR) and tympanic temperature (TT) increased, while PASAT scores as a measure of information processing performance decreased relative to baseline. HR and TT were significantly higher at the end of the experiment in the SH ($159.41{\pm}4.25beats/min$; $38.22{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) compared with the MH ($156.59{\pm}3.77beats/min$; $38.20{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) and LH ($154.24{\pm}4.67beats/min$; $38.17{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) conditions (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PASAT scores between LH and MH (p > 0.05). Nonetheless, there was a measurable difference in PASAT scores between LH and SH (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These consequences demonstrate that ambient temperature is effective in raising the physiological responses following firefighting activities. It is therefore argued that further increase of ambient temperature can impact firefighters' information processing and working memory during firefighting activity.