• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the correlation between the administration of various antiviral agents and the alternation of specific biomarkers induced by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Eligible subjects diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B were prescribed with antiviral drugs at the Gastroenterology Internal Medicine Department of E University Hospital in Daejeon between May 2004 and September 2009. Lamivudine was prescribed to 66 out of 100 patients. Of the 12 patients, 6 (50.0%) showed a change from being HBe-antigen-positive to being HBe-antigen-negative. Of the 39 patients, 23 (59.0%) showed higher than 40 IU/L alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Of the 65 patients, 41 (63.1%) showed HBV DNA decrease of 1 log, and were prescribed with Lamivudine. Adefovir was prescribed to 3 out of 100 patients. Of the 12 patients, 1 (8.3%) showed a change from being HBe-antigen-positive to being HBe-antigen-negative, and was prescribed with Adefovir. Entecavir was prescribed to 19 (19.0%) out of 100 patients. Of the 12 patients, 3 (25.0%) showed a change from being HBe-antigen-positive to being HBe-antigen-negative. Of the 12 patients, 3 (125.8%) showed higher than 40 IU/L ALT. Of the 65 patients, 14 (21.5%) showed HBV DNA decrease of 1 log, and were prescribed with Entecavir. Clavudine was prescribed to 7 out of 100 patients. Of the 12 patients, 1 (8.3%) showed a change from positive HBe antigen to negative HBe antigen. Of the 39 patients, 5 (12.8%) showed higher than 40 IU/L ALT. Of the 65 patients, 6 (9.2%) showed HBV decrease of 1 log, and were prescribed with Clavudine. These results do not show a statistically significant correlation between drugs and biomarkers. Data on combination therapy using Lamivudine and Adefovir show no statistically significant difference between drugs and biomarkers. Medications for periodic inspection was not correlated to HBe-antigen-negative conversion, ALT, and HBV DNA. HBV DNA was significantly reduced in patients with high levels of AST(aspartic acid aminotransferase) and ALT before treatment. In addition, the decrease of HBV DNA after 12 months of treatment was less frequently observed in patients treated with Lamivudine compared with other drugs. This result is associated with Lamivudine resistance. Although the association of drugs with diagnostic markers and the correct choice of treatment is difficult to determine, these results may be useful for further research on diagnosis and treatment of the hepatitis B virus.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1974

저자(著者)들은 1957년(年)부터 계속적(繼續的)으로 한국(韓國)에서 분리검출(分離檢出)되는 쌀모넬라균속(菌屬)에 대(對)한 미생물학적성상(徵生物學的性狀)을 검토(檢討)하고 혈청형적(血淸型的) 분류(分類) 결과(結果)를 관찰보고(觀察報告)하고 있다. 1973년도(年度)에는 전국(全國) 11개시도위생시험소(개市道衛生試驗所)와 각급(各級) 종합병원(綜合病院)에서 1,644주(株)의 유사장내병원성세균(類似賜內病原性細菌)을 수집(蒐集)하여 통상적(通常的)인 미생물학적시험방법(徵生物學的試驗方法)과 항원분석(抗原分析)을 수행(遂行)한 결과(結果) 426주(株)의 전형적(典型的)인 쌀모넬라균속(菌屬)을 동정(同定)하였다. 기중(其中) 11주(株)가 S. paratyphi A였으며 B군(群)에 속(屬)하였던 63주중(株中) 44주(株)는 S. paratyphi B였으며 19주(株)는 S. typhimurium이었다. C군(群) 2주중(株中) 1주(株)는 S. newport이었고 또 1주(株)는 S. potsdam이었던 바 S. paratyphi C는 1주(株)도 없었다. Drns(群) 350주중(株中) S. enteritidis 16주(株)를 제외(除外)한 나머지는 모두 S. typhi로서 역시(亦是) 우리나라에서는 아직도 장(腸)티프스균(菌)이 다수(多數)를 차지하였다. 이들 쌀모델라균속(菌屬)이 나타낸 생화학적성상(生化學的性狀)은 성서(成書)에 정리(整理)된 바와 다름 없었으며 다른 나라에서 검토(檢討)된 내용(內容)과도 부합(符合)되었다. disc방법(方法)으로 각종(各種) 항균제(抗菌劑)에 대(對)한 감수성시험성적(感受性試驗成績)에서 얻어진 결과(結果)로는 8주(株)가 chloramphenicol에 대(對)한 내성(耐性)을 보였고. 1주(株)가 gentamycin에 대(對)하여 내성(耐性)을 나타냈으며 34주(株)가 ampicillin에 대(對)하여 내성(耐性)을 나타내기는 하였으나 아직도 우리나라에서는 이들 세가지 항생제(抗生劑)가 다른나라에서와 마찬가지로 치료용(治療用)으로 권장(勸奬)될 수 있을 것으로 관찰(觀察)되었다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.263-273
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• 1999

두통은 인류의 가장 흔한 호소 중의 하나로 임상에서 흔히 보는 장애이다. 두통은 뇌막염, 뇌출혈, 또는 뇌종양과 같은 다른 질환의 증상일수 있으나, 또한 편두통이나 군발두통 등과 같은 질병 자체로 표현된다. 일차적으로 두통 장애의 역학이나 국제 두통학회의 진단기준을 이해하고 흔치 않으나 심각한 이차적인 두통장애와 감별에 관심을 둬야 한다. 환자가 일차 두통장애의 기준에 맞으면 신경학적 진단검사의 보충이 없어도 치료를 시작한다. 두통 유형, 표현 양상, 동통기간과 강도 등에 따라 진통소염제나 혼합진통제, 혈관작용의 항편두통 약물 또는 신경이완제나 corticosteroid등을 선택한다. 편두통의 빈도와 강도에 따라 예방치료가 보통 4~6개월간 조절한다. 긴장형 두통은 발작성과 만성두통으로 구분되나 치료적으로는 급성완화와 예방치료로 시도된다. 많은 만성매일두통 환자들이 진통제나 ergotamine을 과용하고 있으며 그들의 의존성과 내재된 갈등조절, 수면장애, 우울등으로 과용된 약물의 제한이 쉽지 않다. 치료의 첫단계는 약물을 끊고 조심스럽게 대치요법을 시행한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2017

요로감염은 병원 내 감염의 주요한 부분이며 최근 항생제의 남용 등으로 인해 요로감염에서의 효과적인 항생제의 선택이 제한받고 있다. 연구자들은 본 병원을 방문하여 시행한 요배양검사에서 의미있는 균이 동정된 외래 및 입원 환자의 요로감염의 주요 원인균과 항생제 감수성을 조사하여 요로감염의 치료에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 2010년 1월 1일부터 2015년 12월 31일까지 6년간 본 병원에서 시행한 요배양검사에서 의미 있는 원인균이 동정된 외래 및 입원환자를 대상으로 하였으며 균집락 단위(colony forming unit: CFU)가 $10^5/ml$이상인 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 배양된 동정균주에서 가장 흔한 원인균은 E.coli로 28.1%의 비율이었다. E.coli의 경우 남성에서는 2010년부터 2015년까지 빈도의 차이는 없었으나 여성의 경우 2014년 이후 그 빈도가 점차 감소하였다. 항생제 감수성 결과 가장 흔한 균주인 E.coli의 감수성 검사에서는 ampicillin 72.2%, TMP/SMX (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) 44.9%, ciprofloxacin 41.3%의 내성율을 보였으며, cefazolin 12.4%, 2,3,4세대 cephalosporin에는 5% 이하의 낮은 내성율을 보였다. 요로감염의 원인균은 시간이 지날수록 다양해지고 빈도 또한 변화를 보인다. 따라서 TMP/SMX와 ciprofloxacin 등 기존 항생제에 대한 내성도 또한 비교적 높은 것으로 나타나 향후 요로감염에 대한 경험적인 항생제의 사용에 대해 더욱 신중한 선택을 해야 할 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-143
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• 1975

Most of mothers place their babies in either supine or prone position without change of position. Studies comparing supine and prone position of the newborn infants -have already been performed with the result that the prone position is relatively better than the supine position. However, one kind of position recommended to the mothers is not sufficient for the good rearing practice of children, because the same position placed for period long of time may bring out physical, mental tension and fatigue, and deformities of the skull and the thorax. For this reason nurses have to find out other position which has identical or more advantages than prone position so as to perform the position change for the babies. Main purpose of this study is to identify the differences of vital signs, the number of urination, defecation, diaper rash, crying and amount of feeding of the newborn infants with prone position or lateral position during the first three days of life. Sixty two newborn infants who were delivered at Seoul National University Hospital during the period from July 1 to September 5, 1974 were chosen as subjects for this study. The criteria for the choice of subjects were the babies born with vaginal delivery; body weight 2.5kg or over at birth; Apgar score Seven or over; and gestation period between thirty-eight months ana forty- two months. Of these subjects, by random sampling, thirty-one newborn infants were placed in the prone position and the other thirty-one in the lateral position. The results of this study reviewed in a statistical analysis of the t-test to obtain the following findings : 1. The heart rates of babies in the prone position were the mean heart rates of 135.03 and those in the lateral position 135.98 without any statistically significant difference. 2. There was no significant difference of respiration rate between two groups : a group in the prone position showed the mean respiration rates of 45,57 and the other in the lateral position 46.49. 3. There was no significant difference of body temperature between two groups: the mean body temperature of a group placed in the prone position was 98$^{\circ}$18'F(36$^{\circ}$77'C) and that of the other group 98$^{\circ}$20'F(36$^{\circ}$78'C). 4. One baby showed diaper rash only in a group of infants in the prone position. 5. The number of crying of the babies in the prone position were 23.70 and those in the lateral position 30.00 with a statistical difference at 5 percent level. 6, There was no difference of frequency of urination between two groups: the mean frequency of a group placed in tile prone position was 5.44 and that of the other group 5.06, 7. There was no significant difference of frequency of defecation between two groups : the mean frequency of a group placed in the prone position was 4.20 and that of tile other group 4.21, 8. There was no significant difference of feeding amount between two groups : the average amount of a group in the prone position showed 325.03 and that of the other group in the lateral position 291.51. All the above results mean that we may substitute tile lateral position for the Prone position or utilize both position for tile rearing practice of the babies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 1974

The Purpose of this study was to observe the body temperature changes of newborn infants in general crib and electric heat crib after birth for the period required to reach the optimum body temperature. Forty-seven newborn infants who were delivered at Seoul National University Hospital during the period from June 12 to September 13, 1973 were chosen as Subjects for this study. The criteria for the choice of subjects were the babies with normal spontaneous delivery; body weight 2.5kg and over at birth; Apgar so ore seven and over and gestation period over thirty-six weeks. Of these subjects, by random sampling thirty-one newborn infants were placed in the general crib and sixteen in the electric-heat crib. The rectal body temperature of these newborn infants were taken and recorded at fifteen-minute interval for the first one hour period after birth, at thirty minute interval for the next two hours and at one hour interval for the remaining period up to eight hours. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The mean body temperature of the newborn infants on admission to nursery ranged from 98.7℉. to 99℉. irrespective of the body weight and the room temperature. 2. There was a significant difference in the body temperature changes of the newborn infants as a total between the general crib and the electric-heat crib from three to eight hours after birth. It was found that the body temperature of the newborn infants in the electric-heat crib was significantly higher than that of the newborn infants in the general crib. 3. In comparison with the body temperature changes of the newborn infants in the general crib, the newborn infants in the electric- heat crib exhibited significantly higher body temperatures in all three body weight groups; from four to eight hours after birth in the 2.5-2.9kg body weight group; from three to seven hours after birth in the 3.0-3.4kg body weight group; from two and half to six hours after birth in the group with body weight over 3.5kg. 4. Time required to reach 98℉. of body temperature was four hours in the 3.5-2.9kg body weight group, three hours in the 3.0-3.4kg. body weight group and two and half hours in the group with body weight over 3.5kg in the electric- heat crib. In the general crib, it took over eight hours in the 2.5-2.9kg body weight group and five hors in both the 3.0-3.4kg and over 3.5kg body weight group to reach 98℉ of body temperature. 5. The lowest mean body temperature of newborn infants in both general and electric- heat crib appeared in forty-five minute after birth and the temperature ranged from 96.4℉ to 96.5℉. 6. The mean body temperature of the newborn infants in the general crib was increased as the room temperature. 7. The body weight, the room temperature and the time elapsed after birth fore proved to be significant factors influencing the body temperature changes of newborn infants. From tile above results, the three hypotheses were positively accepted.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1978

The present research set out to further validate the results that Stromborg (1976) obtained in which a correlation (r= .22, p < .001) was found between the femininity of woman nursing students and their image of nursing. In addition the experimenter set out to elucidate any possible differences in the image of nursing according to (a) religion, (b) the motivation for choosing nursing as well as, (c) the particular area in which the students hoped to work after graduating. The research was conducted by presenting questionnaire type scales including a femininity scale and a nursing image scale, to 301 graduating students attending 4 Three-year nursing schools located within Seoul from November 21st, 1978 to November 30th. The results: 1. There was clearly no relation between femininity and the image of nursing as such (r= .01, p > .43). But upon analyzing the results along five subdimensions of the nursing image variable it was discovered that : (a) if femininity is low, the nursing student tend to view the educational preparation for becoming a nurse in a more positive light (r= -.10, p < .05), and (b) if femininity is high, the students tend to perceive their social role with a positive frame of mind (r= .15, p < .005). 2. There was a significant difference found in the image of nursing as related to the religion of the nursing students, The means ranked as follows (high scores indicate a positive image of the nursing profession). Catholic > Protestant > no religion > Buddhist 3, The difference in the nursing image according to motivation for sellecting the profession emerged as quite significant (F=6.92, p < .001). The rank of the means when the subject group is divided along the dimension of motive is as follows (ranking begins with the most positive nursing image): (a) The profession itself seemed good; (b) after marriage one can do a social type of activity; (c) significant others’advice: (d) the profession matches their high school grade record; (e) it matches the economic situation of the student; (f）no particular reason for their choice: (g) it's easy to get a nursing job after graduation. 4. The particular area of nursing one intended to go into after graduation varied significantly in terms of the image of nursing (F=3.03, p < .005). The means when ranked starting with those having the most positive image of the profession: (a) nurses helping deliveries; (b) hospital nurses: (c) nursing education; (d) school nurses: (e) government nurse supervisors: (f）public health nurses: (g) (students not going into any profession); (h) (students not going into the nursing profession but into some other area).

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

본 연구는 고령자와 임산부 등 교통약자의 이동권 증진과 사회참여 여건 확대 측면에서 운영 중인 특별교통서비스(이하 STS)의 이용증진 기여를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 수원시에서 운영 중인 STS시스템의 이용자 DB를 분석하였으며, 고령자와 임산부 이용자 대상의 진술 선호도를 조사하였다. 구체적으로는 STS 중심의 선호도 모형을 구축하고, 그 영향인자들을 비교하여 STS의 이용 활성화 방안을 모색하였다. 연구결과, STS 이용자의 약 23%는 고령자와 임산부이며, 병원 통행목적의 이용자는 31%, 2~5km의 단거리 통행자는 70% 수준인 것으로 나타났다. STS와 버스 대상의 진술 선호도 조사결과, 고령자의 경우 통행요금이 가장 영향력 있는 인자이며 연령이 많을수록 STS를 선호하는 것으로 확인되었다. 임산부의 경우 통행시간과 통행요금이 수단선택의 주요 영향인자이며, 통행빈도가 많을수록 STS를 선호하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 STS의 이용요금이 일반택시 요금의 약 70% 수준일 경우, 고령자와 임산부의 버스 대비 STS 분담률은 각 51.1%, 63.6%으로 분석되어, STS 이용 활성화를 위한 이용요금 조정은 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 STS의 합리적인 요금체계를 정립하기 위한 근거로 활용될 수 있으며, 고령자와 임산부의 STS 이용을 증진하여 고령자의 승용차 운전에 따른 교통사고 감소 및 임산부의 버스 이용에 따른 위험성 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2020

본 연구는 간호대학생의 긍정심리자본과 신체적 건강상태, 우울, 대인관계 및 학습몰입의 관련성을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상은 일개 대학의 간호학과 재학생 181명으로 2019년 5월 8일부터 6월 20일까지 자료수집을 하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, t-test, 분산분석, 상관관계 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 간호대학생의 긍정심리자본은 연령, 학년, 학과 선택 동기, 전공 만족도 및 주관적 건강상태에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 긍정심리자본은 우울(r=-.454, p<.001), 대인관계(r=.611, p<.001), 학습몰입(r=.452, p<.001)과 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구에서 간호대학생의 학습몰입에는 긍정심리자본(β=.414, p<.001)이 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 그 외의 유의한 영향요인은 전공 만족도(β=.177, p=.014)와 학년(β=-.150, p=.026)이었고, 모형의 설명력은 24.4%로 나타났다(F=20.405, p<.001). 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 웰빙과 학습 성과향상을 위해 긍정심리자본을 강화시킬 수 있는 프로그램의 개발 및 적용이 필요하다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2002

Purpose: Perforated gastric cancer (PGC) is rare and occurs in $1\∼4\%$ of all gastric cancers. Possible dissemination of tumor cells at the time of perforation of the gastric carcinoma has been a matter of concern. The intraoperative determination of what kind of operation should be done and how extensive the lymphnode dissection should be still remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors influencing the survival and to determine the optimal treatment for PGC. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 patients were operated on for a perforated gastric carcinoma at Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital from 1983 to 2000. the age and the sexes of the patients, the location of perforation, the diameter of perforation, the histologic type of the tumor, the depth of wall invasion, the absence or presence of lymph node metastasis / distant metastasis, the stage of disease, the type of operation, and the outcomes were examined. Statistically significant differences were analyzed by using Fisher's exact test. Results: The stage distributions according to the UICC classification were 1 case of stage I, 6 cases of stage II, 17 cases of stage III, and 11 cases of stage IV. An emergency gastrectomy was done in 26 patients ($61.9\%$), with a 5-yr survival rate of $44\%$. The survival of patients was significantly influenced by the depth of wall invasion, the lymphnode metastasis, distant metastasis, the stage of disease, and the type of operation. Conclusions: an emergency gastrectomy is the treatment of choice for most patients with resectable PGC. Choosing more a optimistic surgical approach for potentially curative cases of PGC should be one way to increase the patient's survival rate.