• 제목/요약/키워드: Horticultural crops

검색결과 374건 처리시간 0.029초

Biological and Molecular Characterization of a Korean Isolate of Cucurbit aphidborne yellows virus Infecting Cucumis Species in Korea

  • Choi, Seung-Kook;Yoon, Ju-Yeon;Choi, Gug-Seoun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.371-378
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    • 2015
  • Surveys of yellowing viruses in plastic tunnels and in open field crops of melon (Cucumis melo cultivar catalupo), oriental melon (C. melo cultivar oriental melon), and cucumber (C. sativus) were carried out in two melon-growing areas in 2014, Korea. Severe yellowing symptoms on older leaves of melon and chlorotic spots on younger leaves of melon were observed in the plastic tunnels. The symptoms were widespread and included initial chlorotic lesions followed by yellowing of whole leaves and thickening of older leaves. RT-PCR analysis using total RNA extracted from diseased leaves did not show any synthesized products for four cucurbit-infecting viruses; Beet pseudo-yellows virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Cucurbit yellows stunting disorder virus, and Melon necrotic spot virus. Virus identification using RT-PCR showed Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows Virus (CABYV) was largely distributed in melon, oriental melon and cucumber. This result was verified by aphid (Aphis gossypii) transmission of CABYV. The complete coat protein (CP) gene amplified from melon was cloned and sequenced. The CP gene nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequence comparisons as well as phylogenetic tree analysis of CABYV CPs showed that the CABYV isolates were undivided into subgroups. Although the low incidence of CABYV in infections to cucurbit crops in this survey, CABYV may become an important treat for cucurbit crops in many different regions in Korea, suggesting that CABYV should be taken into account in disease control of cucurbit crops in Korea.

수출입 원예작물의 검역을 위한 살균제 Fluazinam의 공정 잔류분석법 개발 (Development of an Official Method for Measurement of Fluazinam Residues for Quarantine of Imported and Exported Horticultural Products)

  • 김경하;안경근;김기쁨;황영선;장문익;강인규;이영득;정명근
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.183-194
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 국내 및 수출입 원예작물의 일상적 잔류농약 검사에 활용 가능한 dinitroaniline계 광범위 살균제 fluazinam의 GC-ECD/MS 잔류 분석법을 확립하고자 하였다. 원예작물 중 채소류에서는 청양고추와 결구배추를, 과일류에서는 감귤과 사과를 대표 시료로 선정하였고, 아세톤으로 추출된 fluazinam은 식염수로 희석하고, 수용액층을 n-hexane 액-액 분배법으로 회수하였으며, 회수된 추출액으로부터 fluazinam의 최종적 정제를 위하여 florisil 칼럼 크로마토그래피법으로 추가 정제하여 GC-ECD/MS 분석용 시료로 사용하였다. Fluazinam의 정량적 분석을 위하여 DB-17 capillary column을 적용한 GC-ECD 분석 조건을 확립하였으며, 각 작물별 4수준의 농도로 fluazinam을 인위 첨가하여 회수율을 분석하였다. 각 대표 원예작물에 대해 정량한계, 정량한계의 10, 50, 및 100배 수준에서 회수율을 검토한 결과 모든 처리농도에서 82.5-99.9% 수준을 나타내었으며, 정량한계(LOQ)는 $0.004mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$이었다. 반복 간 변이계수(CV)는 최대 6.6%를 나타내어 국제적 잔류분석 기준인 회수율 70-120% 및 분석오차 10% 이내를 충족시키는 만족한 결과를 도출하였다. 또한 GC/MS SIM을 이용하여 실제 각 작물 시료에 적용하여 재확인 하였다. 이상의 결과로 신규 fluazinam의 GC-ECD/MS 분석법은 검출한계, 회수율 및 분석오차 면에서 국제적 분석기준을 만족하는 신뢰성이 확보된 정량 분석법으로서 국내 및 수출입 검역을 위한 원예작물의 공정 잔류분석법으로 사용 가능할 것이다.

Analyzing the Business and Environmental Implications of Agricultural Policy Changes in North Korea

  • Chehwan LIM;Seunghwan SHIN
    • Asian Journal of Business Environment
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.37-50
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    • 2024
  • The agricultural policy of Kim Jong-un's regime inherits the economic reform policy of the Kim Jong-Il period, which expands the autonomy of production and allows the market to dispose of products. The formation of markets represents an important factor in the business environment, as it indicates the establishment of fundamental conditions for management. However, major crops are still mainly managed by the state, and the government implements agricultural policies, such as emphasizing "Juche Farming." This study analyzed the impact of transition economic policies during the Kim Jong-un period on agricultural production using variability. Production variabilities increased for minor grain crops compared to previous years, but those of major grain (rice and maize) and horticultural crops did not change significantly. Even the production quantity of horticultural crops decreased, which is different from previous predicts that the expansion of the North Korean market would increase the consumption power of North Koreans and promote horticultural crop production. This study underscores the imperative for North Korea to develop policies aimed at stabilizing crop yields in the face of production variability. It proposes the establishment of an agricultural early warning system as a feasible solution to enhance agricultural infrastructure and promote inter-Korean cooperation.

First Report on Poinsettia mosaic virus in Korea

  • Chung, B.N.;Lee, E.K.;Jeong, M.I.;Kim, H.R.
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.220-223
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    • 2004
  • Most plants of commercial poinsettia cultivars grown from cuttings develop mosaic and chlorotic dot symptoms on leaves. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test showed that they were infected with Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV). In a survey of commercially grown poinsettias conducted in Korea, PnMV was detected in ten of ten poinsettia cultivars sampled and in 100% of 178 samples tested. The virus has isometric particles and about 29 nm in diameter. Crystalline virus particles were observed in cytoplasm of cells of diseased plants by transmission electron microscopy. Nucleotide sequence of coat protein gene of PnMV- Kl showed 97.3% homology with that of a German isolate. This is the first report on PnMV in Korea.

사탕무씨스트선충의 기주범위 검정 (Host Range Screening of the Sugar Beet Nematode, Heterodera schachtii Schmidt)

  • 김동환;조명래;양창열;김형환;강택준;윤정범
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제55권4호
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    • pp.389-403
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    • 2016
  • 사탕무씨스트선충(Heterodera schachtii)의 피해가 2011년에 배추 주산지인 강원도 지역에서 확인되었다. 이 선충은 암컷이 씨스트를 형성하는 특성을 가지므로 농약에 의한 효과적인 방제가 어렵다. 따라서 사탕무시스트선충에 대한 비기주 작물을 선정하여 감염지역의 배추를 대체할 작물을 추천하고자 총 17과(科) 276품종의 식물에 대한 사탕무씨스트선충의 저항성을 검정하였다. 사탕무씨스트선충 접종 후 씨스트 발생 정도에 따라 감수성(susceptible), 중감수성(moderately susceptible), 저항성/비기주(resistant/immune)로 구분하였다. 검정 결과 감수성 106품종, 중감수성 40품종, 저항성/비기주 130품종으로 구분되었다. 씨스트가 전혀 형성되지 않은 작물은 가지, 토마토, 상추, 들깨, 당근, 셀러리, 수박, 참외, 오이, 호박, 부추, 양파, 파, 도라지, 더덕, 잔대, 콩 등이었다. 가지과, 국화과, 명아주과, 화본과 작물은 작물 및 품종에 따라 약감수성 또는 저항성/비기주 식물이 혼재하였다. 본 시험에서 사탕무씨스트선충이 전혀 발생하지 않아 저항성/비기주식물로 밝혀진 130품종은 사탕무씨스트선충 감염지의 배추를 대체할 작목을 추천하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.