• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.530-535
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of slurry composting and biofiltration (SCB) liquid manure application on shoot growth, fruit qualities and soil chemical properties in peach orchard. SCB liquid manure was fertigated ten times from April to October in SCB plot, whereas chemical fertilizer was treated two times as basal and additional fertilizers in control plot. The shoot growth, leaf nitrogen and potassium content, soil exchangeable K, fruit weight and yield were higher in SCB plot than in control. Soluble solid content and acidity, soil organic matter, soil available phosphate and soil exchangeable Mg showed no significant difference between treatments, and the leaf calcium and magnesium content were lower in SCB plot than in control. In conclusion, fertigating SCB liquid manure in peach orchard has positive effects on fruit weight and yield, and it is suggested that periodical soil testing is needed because of the possibility of K accumulation in SCB liquid manure treated soil when the orchard is fertigated based on the soil nitrogen content.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.322-326
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• 2013

Many organic fruit growers adopt cover cropping in their orchards to improve soil properties. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cutting frequency of cover crop (CF) and liquid manure application (LM) on green manure production (GMP) and returnable nutrient content (RNC) in pear orchard. The combined effects of CF and LM were tested at two levels, respectively, with liquid manure ($L_1$) and without liquid manure ($L_0$). After that, cover crops were cut once ($C_1$) and three times ($C_3$) in rye, and twice ($C_2$) and four times ($C_4$) in hairy vetch. The result showed that main factors related to green manure production were different depending on the species. In rye, LM was more effective in increasing the dry weight of cover crop and RNC than CF. In contrast, the parameters were more affected by CF rather than LM in hairy vetch. Thus, it is suggested that different management technique is needed depending on the cover crop species in order to maximize the green manure production in pear orchard.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-18
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• 1999

'Baekhyang' was released by National Horticultural Research Institute in 1994 as a white-fleshed, late-maturing, and freestone peach variety, which originated from open-pollinated seeds of 'Garden State' nectarine collected in 1978. This variety was tested as 'Wonkyo Da-05' at 4 areas for 4 years from 1991. 'Baekhyang' is the latest maturing among white-fleshed peach varieties in Korea. Fruits mature 10 to 15 days after 'Yumyeong' and have rich-flavor and good quality.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.83-85
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• 2012

The causes of blossom-end rot (BER) are still not understood clearly, although there was a lot of research on the development of BER over 100 years. This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of Ca content of fruit on the incidence of BER in red pepper. BER affected fruits and healthy fruits had been harvested and the samples were divided into two parts, the upper and the lower, for chemical analysis to determine the content of mineral nutrients in the tissue. The content of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) was higher in the BER affected fruits and the difference of each nutrient content was revealed much larger in the lower part of the fruit but there were no significant differences in calcium content between the BER and the healthy fruits of red pepper, in this experiment. The results indicate that it is difficult to find a certain relation between the calcium content of the fruit and the occurrence of blossom-end rot.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

Nutrient accumulation in surface soil has become a serious problem for cucumber production in greenhouse. However, still in many cases, soil management practices are only focused on maintaining crop yield, regardless of sustainability related with soil chemical properties. This study was conducted to propose a sustainable soil management practice by investigating the impact of cover crop species and nitrogen rate of fertigated solution on cucumber yield and soil chemical properties in greenhouse condition. Rye and hairy vetch were tested as a fallow cover crop, and each amount of urea (1/2, 3/4, 1 times of N fertilizer recommendations), determined by soil testing result, was supplied in fertigation plots as an additional nitrogen source. The result showed that the yield of cucumber was higher in rye treatment than control and hairy vetch treatment. In addition, rye effectively reduced EC and accumulated nutrients from the soil. Meanwhile, N concentration of fertigated solution showed no significant effect on the growth and yield of cucumber. Consequently, these results suggest that it is desirable to choose rye as a fallow catch crop for sustainable cucumber production in greenhouse.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.152-158
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• 2003

Stromata of the white root rot fungus, Rosellinia necatrix, were produced on diseased roots although they were reported to develop rarely in nature. Forty-two (42) out of 47 samples produced synnemata while 23 developed stromata. Forty-seven (47) isolates obtained from diseased root samples were divided into 24 mycelium compatibility groups (MCGs). Sixteen (16) out of 24 MCGs produced stromata. Single ascospore isolates from 10 stroma samples produced dsRNA-containing isolates from diseased tissue beneath stromata. The frequency of synnema production on axenic culture varied among isolates with different origin. The dsRNA was not transmitted vertically to the ascospore offspring despite the infection of various dsRNA in the parental isolates. The dsRNA was absent in 35 ascospore isolates in two stroma samples that originated from the isolates, in which dsRNA was not eliminated by hyphal tip isolation. Consequently, sexual reproduction in the white root rot fungus was suggested to produce propagules as a new infection source and to have the function to eliminate infectious factors such as mycoviruses.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

We examined the effect of two greenhouse covering materials (glass or solid polycarbonate sheets) on the light environment and growth of tomato and cucumber plants. Spectral analysis showed that polycarbonate sheets entirely blocked radiation in both the UV - B (300 - 320 nm) and UV - A (320 - 400 nm) ranges, whereas glass transmitted UV - A and was only opaque to UV - B. The transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation (400 - 700 nm) and near infrared radiation (700 - 1100 nm) was higher in polycarbonate than glass. Air and soil temperatures were not significantly different between greenhouses covered with either material. The growth of cucumber plants was slightly affected by covering materials, whereas no significant changes in growth parameters were observed for tomato plants. The color parameters of tomato fruits were affected by the cover material, whereas cucumber fruits showed similar coloration in both glass and polycarbonate greenhouses.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.428-432
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• 2015

Sixty-seven isolates of bacterial spot pathogen (Xanthomonas spp.) collected from six provinces of Korea were tested for the identification of their pathotypes and determination of their distribution throughout Korea in an effort to genetically manage the disease. Near isogenic lines of Early Calwonder (Capsicum annuum) pepper plants carrying $Bs_1$, $Bs_2$ and $Bs_3$, and PI235047 (C. pubescens) were used as differential hosts. Race P1 was found to be predominant, followed by race P7, and races P3 and P8 were also observed. This is the first report of races P7 and P8 in Korea. The races P7 and P8 were differentiated from the former races P1 and P3, respectively, on the basis of their ability to elicit hypersensitive reactions to PI235047.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.74-76
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• 2011

An interspecific hybrid lily cultivar 'Green Star' was bred in 2005 at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea. The crossing and in vitro embryo rescue was conducted between Lilium FA97-2 (L. ${\times}$ formolongi 'Silky White' ${\times}$ L. Asiatic 'Sunray') and L. Asiatic 'Bomi (Byeongga ${\times}$ Connecticut King)' by cut style pollination method (CSM) at Suwon in 2000. The first selection was done and was tentatively named as 'FA03-5' in 2003. After in vitro multiplication and bulbing production of 'FA03-5' line, growth and flowering characteristic tests were conducted from 2003 to 2005. The evaluation of characteristics and consumer preferences were surveyed at a lily flower show of NIHHS in 2005. 'Green Star' flowered in the middle of June and grew more than 120 cm stem in length. Flowers bloomed facing upward, unspotted in petals and greenish yellow (RHS, Y6D). 'Green Star' was male sterile. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulb under $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. It was needed to control the Botrytis disease in wet season.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.683-688
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• 2015

Nowadays, sustainable and environment-friendly agriculture has become an important issue all around the world, and repeated applications of mineral and/or organic fertilizer will probably affect mineral nutrient dynamics in soil in the long term but only a limited number of observations are available. This study was carried out to investigate whether there is any influence of different fertilizer management for red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation on soil physicochemical properties, leaf mineral content, yield and fruit quality in the aspect of long-term practice in open field condition. NPK, NPK+compost, compost only, and unfertilized control plot were included in the treatments. The application of chemical fertilizer and/or compost repeated annually for 17 years from 1994 to 2011. Soil organic matter content was higher in compost treatments than in no-manure treatments. Available phosphate and the yield of red pepper were highest in NPK+compost treatment followed by NPK (chemical fertilizer), compost, and control. The results indicate that in the long term, nitrogen supply is still needed for increasing red pepper yield, but reduction in the use of chemical fertilizer could be also possible with the proper application of compost.