• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.154-160
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to report the progress of treatment with oriental medicine on a woman who complained of irregular menstruation in menopausal transition. Methods: The patient in this case was treated with Chokyungjongoktanggamibang, acupuncture and moxibustion. And to assess the effectiveness of this treatment, we evaluated the ovarian function by using hormone assay. Results: During treatment period the patient had three times of uterine bleeding, two of the three seemed like normal menstrual bleeding. And analyzing the hormone assay, estraiol level was increased and FSH, LH levels were decreased significantly. However a month after treatment end, estradiol level was decreased and FSH, LH levels were incresead as the levels in menopausal transition or menopause state. And the patient had no more uterine bleeding since last one according to follow up by phone-call. Conclusion: In this study, the progress of ovarian function was specified with hormonal changes after treatment of oriental medicine during menopausal transition. And further studies are needed to find the more appropriate clinical approach for women in menopausal transition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.282-283
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• 2000

The egg development of various fishes is studied by various methods including electron microscopy(Matsuyama et al, 1991) and hormone treatment(Schoonbee et al. 1980). In addition to attempt to induce final maturation and spawning, the present experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of hCG upon reproductive cycles in catfish(Silurus asotus) with developing gonads and to stimulate the reproductive system during the rapid phase of gonadal development. (omitted)

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2000

We used a mammalian GnRH antagonist, $[Ac-3,4-dehydro-Pro^1,\;D-p-F-Phe^2,\;D-Trp^{3.6}]$-GnRH, to examine the details of the salmon type gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) and GnRH agonist analog $(Des-Gly^{10}$[d-Ala^6]-ethylamide GnRH; GnRHa) functions in the control of maturational gonadotropin (GTH II) secretion, in precocious male rainbow trout, in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the in vivo study, plasma GTH II levels increased by sGnRH or GnRHa treatment, but the response was more rapid and stronger in the GnRHa treatment group. The increase in GTH II was significantly suppressed by the GnRH antagonist, while the antagonist had no effect on basal GTH II levels in both groups. The GnRH antagonist showed stronger suppression of GTH II levels in the sGnRH treatment fish than in the GnRHa treatment fish. In addition, plasma androgenic steroid hormones (testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone) increased by the sGnRH or GnRHa treatment. The GnRH antagonist significantly inhibited the increases in plasma androgenic steroid hormone levels stimulated by the sGnRH or GnRHa, while the antagonist had no effect on basal androgenic steroid hormone levels in both groups. In the in vitro study, treatment with sGnRH or GnRHa increased GTH II release from the cultured dispersed pituitary cells, but the response was stronger in the GnRHa treatment group. The increase in GTH II release by GnRH was suppressed by adding the GnRH antagonist, dose­dependently. On the other hand, basal release of GTH II did not decrease by the GnRH antagonist treatment in both groups. These results suggest that the GnRH antagonist, $[Ac-3,4-dehydro-Pro^1,\;D-p-F-Phe^2,\;D-Trp^{3.6}]-GnRH$, used in this study is effective in blocking the action of GnRH-induced GTH II release from the pituitary gland both in vivo and in vitro.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2000

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates follicle growth, and inhibits the follicle atresia in the immature rodent ovaries. The present study was carried out to know the histological changes of ovarian follicles after FSH treatment in the prepubertal mice. Ten i.u. of recombinant FSH was i.p. injected on 3 weeks old mice. After the treatment, at 1, 2 and 3 days, left ovaries were collected for the histological study. The atretic ratio of preantral follicles increased with time after FSH treatment. However, in the case of antral follicles, there was no significant change in the ratio. The degenerating follicles contained apoptotic granulosa cells, macrophage, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the follicular cavity. The present results suggest that follicular degeneration caused by FSH hyperstimulation could be mediated by apoptosis as well as the acute inflammation.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 1998

This study was carried out to define the effects of anti-juvenile hormone analogue(AJH) treatment at different silkworm larval stages on some silk filament properties. It was revealed that the treatments at the 1st and 2nd days of the 3rd instar as well as the 1st day of the 4th instar resulted to trimolters induction without lethal effect. The trimolters induced by treatment at the 1st day of the 4th instar showed the shortest larval duration and the lowest single cocoon weight, cocoon shell ratio, cocoon size, single filament length and denier of filament compared with those of the control, while the trimolters induced by the 3rd-instar treatment showed intermediate values. All treatments showed no significant differences from the aspect fo degumming ratio, elongation rate and crystallinity index of fibroin. However the silk filament obtained from the treatment at the 1st day of the 4th instar showed the highest tenacity which was revealed to be related to the better uniformity of filament by the means of microscopic photographing. FT-IR spectroscopy of the silk fibroin showed a sharp and strong peak at the position of 794.72 cm-1 in all AJH-treated samples regardless of trimolters induction, which was absent in control.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.271-280
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• 2018

Here, we evaluated the mode of programmed cell death during porcine oocyte maturation by comparing the two major pathways associated with programmed cell death, apoptosis (type I), and autophagy (type II). We investigated the expression and localization of major genes involved in autophagy and apoptosis at mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, the effect of hormonal stimulation on autophagy and apoptosis was analyzed. We found that the activity of autophagy-associated genes was increased in the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) following follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment, while the addition of luteinizing hormone (LH) reversed this effect. The expression of proteins associated with autophagy was the highest in FSH-treated COCs. On the other hand, caspase-3 protein level was maximum in COCs cultured with LH. The treatment with rapamycin resulted in the effect similar to that observed with FSH treatment and increased autophagy activity. Thus, hormonal stimulation of pig oocytes resulted in distinct patterns of maturation. The high-quality oocytes majorly relied on the type II pathway (autophagy), while the type I pathway (apoptosis) was more prominent among poor-quality oocytes. Further investigation of this distinction may allow the development of techniques to produce high-quality oocytes in porcine in vitro fertilization.

• International journal of thyroidology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2017

Background and Objectives: The role of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) signaling on osteoblastic differentiation is still undetermined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-azacytidine) on TSH-mediated regulations of osteoblasts. Materials and Methods: MG63, a human osteoblastic cell-line, was treated with 5-azacytidine before inducing osteogenic differentiation using osteogenic medium (OM) containing L-ascorbic acid and ${\beta}$-glyceophosphate. Bovine TSH or monoclonal TSH receptor stimulating antibody (TSAb) was treated. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses or measurement of alkaline phosphatase activities were performed for evaluating osteoblastic differentiation. Results: Studies for osteogenic-related genes or alkaline phosphatase activity demonstrated that treatment of TSH or TSAb alone had no effects on osteoblastic differentiation in MG63 cells. However, treatment of 5-azacytidine, per se, significantly increased osteoblastic differentiation and combination treatment of 5-azacytidine and TSH or TSAb in the condition of OM showed further significant increase of osteoblastic differentiation. Conclusion: Stimulating TSH signaling has little effects on osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. However, in the condition of epigenetic modification using inhibitor of DNA methylation, TSH signaling positively affects osteoblastic differentiation in human osteoblasts.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) are widely used to treat central precocious puberty (CPP). The efficacy and safety of GnRHa treatment are known, but concerns regarding long-term complications are increasing. Follow-up observation results after GnRHa treatment cessation in female CPP patients up to adulthood showed that treatment (especially <6 years) was beneficial for final adult height relative to that of pretreated or untreated patients. Puberty was recovered within 1 year after GnRHa treatment discontinuation, and there were no abnormalities in reproductive function. CPP patients had a relatively high body mass index (BMI) at the time of CPP diagnosis, but BMI standard deviation score maintenance during GnRHa treatment seemed to prevent the aggravation of obesity in many cases. Bone mineral density decreases during GnRHa treatment but recovers to normal afterwards, and peak bone mass formation through bone mineral accretion during puberty is not affected. Recent studies reported a high prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in CPP patients after GnRHa treatment, but it remains unclear whether the cause is the reproductive mechanism of CPP or GnRHa treatment itself. Studies of the psychosocial effects on CPP patients after GnRHa treatment are very limited. Some studies have reported decreases in psychosocial problems after GnRHa treatment. Overall, GnRHa seems effective and safe for CPP patients, based on long-term follow-up studies. There have been only a few long-term studies on GnRHa treatment in CPP patients in Korea; therefore, additional long-term follow-up investigations are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of GnRHa in the Korean population.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2006

Purpose: The study was attempted to provide basic materials for development of nursing-intervention programs by examining effects of growth hormone therapy on the quality of life, depression and self-esteem. Method: A survey was conducted for 31 adult outpatients as experimental group who have received growth hormone therapy more than 6 months and for 29 adults as control group who have not. A scale developed by Hilditch was used to measure their quality of life and also, the Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale and the Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale were adopted to measure their depression and self-esteem each. Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA Result: 1) there were differences between the two groups in the overall measurement of the quality of life. the growth hormone therapy group was higher in sub-factors 2) There were clear-cut differences between the two groups in depression, so that the control group marked higher score in the measurement of depression. 3) Self-esteem was not identical across the two groups, so that it was more higher for the growth hormone treatment group. Conclusion: Those findings suggest that development of education programs related to growth hormone and nursing-intervention is promising.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.275-281
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• 2009

Modification of thyroid hormone levels has a profound effect on skeletal muscle differentiation, predominantly through direct regulation involving thyroid hormone receptors. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulation of myostatin gene expression in skeletal muscle due to altered concentrations of thyroid hormone. Thus, the goal of our study was to find out whether altered thyroid states could change the gene expression of myostatin, the most powerful inhibitor of skeletal muscle development. A hyperthyroid state was induced in rats by daily injections of L-thyroxine 20 mg/100 g body weight for 14 days, while a hypothyroid state was induced in another group of rats by administering methimazole (0.04%) in drinking water for 14 days. After a period of 14 days of L-thyroxine treatment we observed a significant increase of myostatin expression both in mRNA and protein level. However, decreased expression of myostatin mRNA and protein were observed in hypothyroid rats. Furthermore, our studies demonstrated that the upregulation of myostatin gene expression might be responsible for the loss of body weight induced by altered thyroid hormone levels. We concluded that myostatin played a role in a metabolic process in muscle that was regulated by thyroid hormone.