• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.13-13
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• 1999

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.205-207
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• 2001

Purpose : The aim of present study is to estimate the relationship among reference lines used for taking the extraoral radiography and panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalographs of 40 adults, aged 22 to 30 years were taken. Angles between reference lines (Frankfort line, canthomeatal line, infraorbitomeatal line, and occlusal plane) were measured. Results: Angles between Frankfort line and canthomeatal line, Frankfort line and infraorbitomeatal line, Frankfort line and occlusal plane, canthomeatal line and infraorbitomeatal line, canthomeatal line and occlusal plane, and infraorbitomeatal line and occlusal plane were 16.1° (±2.2), 5.8° (±2.4), 8.7° (±3.5), 10.3° (±1.3), 24.8° (±4.0), and 14.5° (±4.4),respectively. Conclusion: Angle between frankfort and canthomeatal line is very different with commonly known angle. Frankfort horizontal reference lines used for panoramic radiography need an exact definition and more accurate standard is needed for the taking of panoramic radiograph.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.969-977
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• 2007

The research thesis has been intended to make a comparative analysis on the basic bodice pattern and basic skirt pattern changing on the basis of setting waist line of dress form in an effort to set reasonable standards in selecting the standard lines of drees form. The thesis has made the wearing evaluation by producing the sample of upper and lower dress based on A pattern and B pattern. In details, A pattern functions to keep waist line flatly down from lateral waist-right to posterior waist in a little curved state, paralleling bust line and hipline with waistline. And, B pattern functions to keep waistline, bust line and hipline horizontal paralleling with ground surface. SPSS win 10.1 program was used for the analysis of evaluation and t-test. The result is as follows: For basic bodice-front of upper dress, A and B patterns have made little significant difference. With regard to basic bodice-back, B pattern has got the higher evaluation than A pattern, in the pattern stability and appearance. For basic skirt pattern, A pattern has got the lower evaluation in the aspect of total back appearance, back dart, hip line, and waist line, and front drape. Basic bodice pattern of A pattern, which takes on the different horizontal standard lines of dress form depending on the selection of waistline, and basic skirt pattern has scored less in terms of pattern stability and appearance.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.563-572
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• 2018

Uniaxial compressive strength test and uniaxial compression creep one were produced on four groups of twelve concrete specimens with different hole number by RLW-2000 rock triaxial rheology test system. The relationships between horizontal holes and instantaneous failure stress, the strain, and creep failure stress, the strain, and the relationships between stress level and instantaneous strain, creep strain were studied, and the relationship between horizontal holes and failure mode was determined. The results showed that: with horizontal hole number increasing, compressive strength of the specimens decreased whereas its peak strain increased, while both creep failure strength and its peak strain decreased. The relationships between horizontal holes and compressive strength of the specimens, the peak strain, were represented in quadratic polynomial, the relationships between horizontal holes and creep failure strength, the peak strain were represented in both linear and quadratic polynomial, respectively. Instantaneous strain decreased with stress level increasing, and the more holes in the blocks the less the damping of instantaneous strain were recorded. In the failure stress level, instantaneous strain reversally increased, creep strain showed three stages: decreasing, increasing, and sharp increasing; in same stress level, the less holes the less creep strain rate was recorded. The compressive-shear failure was produced along specimen diagonal line where the master surface of creep failure occurred, the more holes in a block, the higher chances of specimen failure and the more obvious master surface were.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2000

This study intended to analyze the effectiveness to obtain by developing the critical pathway presented as the method to improve the quality-betterment and cost effectiveness the through the continuous and consistent patient management for the hysterectomy patient and applying it to the real practice. This study was designed to develop and effect the critical pathway for hysterectomy patients in the way to be possible the intergrated in patient management. It was adopted the process of seven phase to develop a critical pathway. To analyze the application effect of the developed critical pathway, this author offered health care service applying the critical pathway to the hysterectomy patient from July. 20 to Oct. 19. 1999. The study method had been done by investigating the experimental group and control group through the questionnaire on 40 patients who had been inpatient hysterectomy. Dependent variables were measured by modified from satisfaction, and cost and length of hospital stay. The data anlyzed by frequency, x2-test, t-test. The results of this study was as follows; 1. It was decided that the vertical line of the critical pathway was made up of eight items such as monitoring/assessment, treatment, activity, medication, consult. Lab test, diet, patient teaching and horizontal line was 7days from admission to discharge. 2. After the verifying the validity of the expert group about the critical pathway, the horizontal line was amended from hospitalization to five postoperative days and taking their consensus, some contents of the horizontal line was amended and deleted. 3. There was no significant differences in the experimental group and control group in the satisfaction, and significant differences in the cost, the length of hospital stay.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2015

Purpose: After extraction, the alveolar bone tends to undergo atrophy in three-dimensions. The amount of alveolar bone loss in the horizontal dimension has been reported to be greater than the amount of bone loss in the vertical dimension, and is most pronounced in the buccal aspect. The aim of this study was to monitor the predictive alveolar bone level following the extraction of anterior teeth seriously involved with advanced chronic periodontitis. Methods: This study included 25 patients with advanced chronic periodontitis, whose maxillary anterior teeth had been extracted due to extensive attachment loss more than one year before the study. Periapical radiographs were analyzed to assess the vertical level of alveolar bone surrounding the edentulous area. An imaginary line connecting the mesial and the distal ends of the alveolar crest facing the adjacent tooth was arbitrarily created. Several representative coordinates were established in the horizontal direction, and the vertical distance from the imaginary line to the alveolar crest was measured at each coordinate for each patient using image analysis software. Regression functions predicting the vertical level of the alveolar bone in the maxillary anterior edentulous area were identified for each patient. Results: The regression functions demonstrated a tendency to converge to parabolic shapes. The predicted maximum distance between the imaginary line and the alveolar bone calculated using the regression function was $1.43{\pm}0.65mm$. No significant differences were found between the expected and actual maximum distances. Likewise, the predicted and actual maximum horizontal distances did not show any significant differences. The distance from the alveolar bone crest to the imaginary lines was not influenced by the mesio-distal spans of the edentulous area. Conclusions: After extraction, the vertical level of the alveolar ridge increased to become closer to the reference line connecting the mesial and distal alveolar crests.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2013

Objectives: In three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), the cant is evaluated by measuring the distance between the reference plane (or line) and the tooth. The purpose of this study was to determine the horizontal skeletal reference plane that showed the greatest correlation with clinical evaluation. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 15 patients who closed their eyes during the CT image taking process. The menton points of all patients deviated by more than 3 mm. In the first evaluation, clinical cant was measured. The distance from the inner canthus to the ipsilateral canine tip and the distance from the eyelid to the ipsilateral first molar were obtained. The distance between the left and right sides was also measured. In the second evaluation, skeletal cant was measured. Six reference planes and one line were used for the evaluation of occlusal cant: 1) FH plane R: Or.R - Or.L - Po.R; 2) FH plane L: Or.R - Or.L - Po.L; 3) F. Ovale plane R: Rt.F.Ovale - Lt.F.Ovale - Or.R; 4) F. Ovale plane L: Rt.F.Ovale - Lt.F.Ovale - Or.L; 5) FZS plane R: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS - Po.R; 6) FZS plane R: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS - Po.L, and; 7) FZS line: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS. Results: The clinical and skeletal cants were compared using linear regression analysis. The FH plane R, FH plane L, and FZS line showed the highest correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The FH plane R and FH plane L are the most appropriate horizontal reference plane in evaluation of occlusal cant on 3D-CT.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.1147-1159
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 문서인식 시스템에서 정확한 문서 인식의 기본이 되고 인식 결과에 중요한 영향을 미치는 전처리 알고리즘 중 테이블 입력의 효율적인 처리 방법을 연구 한다. 테이블 내의 문자를 인식하기 위해서는 테두리선과 문자 부분을 먼저 분리하는 작업이 필요하다. 왜냐하면, 테이블을 인식하기 위해서는 테두리선에 의해 블록화된 테두리선 안의 문자를 인식해야 하며 또한 테두리선을 효율적으로 벡터화하는 방법이 필요하다. 테이블을 벡터화하는 방법으로 8방향 체인 코드를 이용하여 테이블 선 성분을 추출하는 방법과 히스토그램을 이용하여 테이블의 수행, 수직 성분을 추출 하여 얻어진 교차점을 이용하여 대각선 성분을 찾아내는 방법 및 화소의 Run-length를 이용하여 수평선 성분과 수직선 성분을 추출하여 얻어진 교차점을 이용해 대각선성분 을 찾아내는 방법이 있다. 또한 규칙성을 이용한 테이블 추출 방법은 테이블을 구성하는 수직선 성분과 수평선 성분의 규칙성을 찾아내 이를 이용하여 테이블을 벡터화 시킨다. 본 논문에서는 문서 영상 내의 테이블을 효율적으로 벡터화하기 위한 방법으로 규칙성을 이용한 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.581-586
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 수평 슬릿이 추가된 지상파 디지털 TV(DTV) 및 UHD TV용 광대역 루프 안테나의 설계 절차와 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 루프 안테나는 정사각형 루프와 두 개의 원형 섹터로 구성되는 기존의 광대역 루프 안테나에 소형화하기 위해 두 개의 원형 섹터에 수평 슬릿을 추가하였다. 급전을 위해 아래쪽 원형 섹터의 중앙에 동일면 도파관(CPW; coplanar waveguide) 전송선로가 삽입되었다. CPW 급전선로는 DTV 및 UHD TV 응용을 위해 75 옴 포트 임피던스를 사용하여 설계되었으며, 임피던스 정합을 개선하기 위해 중심신호선의 끝이 점점 가늘어지게 설계되었다. 최종 설계된 안테나는 두께가 0.8 mm인 FR4 기판에 제작하였다. 특성 실험 결과, 전압 정재파비(VSWR; voltage standing wave) < 2인 대역이 444.3-820.1 MHz로 DTV 대역(470-698 MHz)과 UHD TV 대역(698-771 MHz)에서 동작하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1978

The purpose of this study was to investigate the normal range of condylar movement of normal adults. The author has observed roentgenographic images of four serial positions of condylar head taken by modified transcranail lateral oblique projection. The serial positions are centric occlusion, rest position, 1 inch open position and maximal open position. The results were obtained as follow; 1. Inter-incisal distance was 46.85㎜ in maximal open position. 2. The length between the deepest point of glenoid fossa and summit of condylar head in rest position was wider than that in centric occlusion by 0.8㎜. 3. In 1 inch open position, condylar head moved forward from the standard line in 12.64㎜ of horizontal direction and moved downwards from the standard line in 1.84㎜ of vertical direction. 4. In maximal open position, condylar head moved forward from the standard line in 19.06㎜ of horizontal direction and moved downwards from thestanard line in 0.4㎜ of vertical direction. 5. In centric occlusion, the width between glenoid fossa and margin of condylar head was greater in the posterior portion than in the anterior portion by 0.4㎜. 6. Except for the estimated figures of 1 inch open position, all of the estimated figures was greater in male than in female.