• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2023

국내 해양 환경에서 설치되는 잔교식 돌핀 구조물의 세굴 영향 검토를 위해 수치 해석적 기법을 활용한 연구를 수행하여, 세굴이 수평지지력에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 대상 해역의 환경 및 지반 조건을 고려하여 접안 구조물을 설계하였으며, 예측되는 세굴 영역을 산정한 후 해당 영역의 지반 요소를 제거하여 안정성 평가를 수행하였다. 세굴 깊이의 증가는 기초와 맞닿은 지반의 유실로 인해 직접적인 수평 지지력의 감소를 유발시키고, 이는 수평 변위를 증가시키는 관계를 확인하였다. 하지만 연구 대상 구조물과 같이 안전율이 반영되어 설계하중을 버틸 수 있도록 설계된 기초에서는 발생 가능한 세굴에 의해 형성된 수평 변위의 증가량이 크지 않아 기초의 수평지지 성능에 지배적인 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 추후 다양한 지반 조건, 구조 형식으로 설치된 해상 기초 및 잔교식 구조물의 세굴 안전성 평가를 위하여, 각 인자의 영향을 분석하고 평가 및 설계 기법의 정형화를 위한 연구가 요구된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.329-342
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• 2019

In this paper, the effect of a group of sand columns in the loose soil bed using triaxial tests was studied. To investigate the effect of geotextile reinforcement type on the bearing capacity of these sand columns, Vertical encased sand columns (VESCs) and horizontally reinforced sand columns (HRSCs) were used. Number of sixteen independent triaxial tests and finite element simulation were performed on specimens with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm. Specimens were reinforced by either a single sand column or three sand columns with the same area replacement ratio (16%) to evaluate the Influence of the column arrangement. Effect the number of sand columns, the length of vertical encasement and the number of horizontal reinforcing layers were investigated, in terms of bearing capacity improvement and economy. The results indicated that the ultimate bearing capacity of the samples with three ordinary sand columns (OSCs) is eventually about 11% more than samples with an OSC. Also, comparison of the column reinforcing modes showed that four horizontal layers of geotextile achieved similar performance to a vertical encasement geotextile at the 50% of the column height, from the viewpoint of strength improvement, while from the viewpoint of economy, the geotextile needed for encasing the single column is around 2.5 times of the geotextile required for four layers.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.285-292
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• 2010

Recently, it is difficult to find a good soil ground due to the shortage of land for new construction site. Because of this situation, the geosynthetics are commonly used for reinforcing the substructure of the soil ground, and hence improving the bearing capacity and reducing the settlement. The geocell is one of geosynthetics and is the advanced system of geogrid. It is the way to increase earth strength and bearing capacity by using three dimension type of geocomposite. In this paper, the Horizontal permeability was determined with considering various geocell shapes. The permeability test was performed by following method of ASTM D4716(87) and potential filling material for geocell was used. The bearing capacity mechanism which enhances the soil ground with evenly maintaining the degree of the compaction was also analyzed for geocell reinforced ground.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.3-25
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• 2010

The paper deals with two bearing capacity problems of shallow footing under combined loading. The first is a FEM study of shallow strip footing on two-layer clay deposits subjected to a vertical, horizontal and moment combined loading, while the second is a centrifuge study of shallow rectangular footing on dry sand under double eccentricity. The FEM results revealed that the existence of top soft layer sensitively affects more on horizontal and moment capacity than vertical capacity for cases of footing on soft clay overlying stiff clay. Practical design charts are presented to evaluate bearing capacities of footing for various combinations of the ratio of the depth of the upper layer to the footing width and the ratio of undrained strength of the upper layer to that of the lower. The centrifuge tests indicated that current design practice of calculating failure load of rectangular surface footing under double eccentricity underestimates the centrifuge loading test data. This trend is more marked when the eccentricity becomes larger. The decreasing trend in failure load with an increase of double eccentricity is rather uniquely expressed by a single curve, using a newly defined resultant eccentricity and the diagonal length of the footing base.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2018

In this paper, the bearing capacity of a non-eccentric and eccentric tubular, concrete-filled, steel bridge pier was studied through the finite element method. Firstly, to verify the validity of the numerical analysis, the finite element analysis of four steel tube columns with concrete in-fill was carried out under eccentric loading and horizontal cyclic loading. The analytical results were compared with experimental data. Secondly, the effects of the eccentricity of the vertical loading on the seismic performance of these eccentrically loaded steel tubular bridge piers were considered. According to the simulated results, with increasing eccentricity ratio, the bearing capacity on the eccentric side of a steel tubular bridge pier (with concrete in-fill) is greatly reduced, while the capacity on the opposite side is improved. Moreover, an empirical formula was proposed to describe the bearing capacity of such bridge piers under non-eccentric and eccentric load. This will provide theoretical evidence for the seismic design of the eccentrically loaded steel tubular bridge piers with concrete in-fill.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2006

성토지반의 지지력을 향상시키기 위하여 지반개량이나 다짐과 같은 일반적인 방법들이 많이 이용되고 있다. 하지만, 최근에는 내구성이 크고 강한 합성수지와 같은 재료들이 개발되어 실용화됨으로서, 보강토공법이 널리 적용되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한층의 지오텍스타일로 보강된 모래지반상의 대상기초에 대한 모형실험을 평면변형률 상태에서 실시하여, 지오텍스타일의 설치위치와 길이, 강도의 변화에 따른 지지력의 증대효과와 지반의 거동을 관찰하였다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.98-106
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• 2003

To construct pile-supported wharf structures that must support heavy horizontal loads, both vertical piles and batter piles are used. Batter piles are used to secure the bearing capacity against the horizontal loads. However, past case histories have shown that the heads of batter piles are vulnerable because these heads are subjected to excessive axial loads during earthquakes. Therefore, the aseismatic reinforcement method must be developed to prevent batter pile heads from breaking due to excessive seismic loads. Two different connecting methods of either inserting rubber or ball-bearing between batter pile head and upper plate were proposed to improve the aseismatic efficiency. Three large-scale pile head models(rubber type model, ball-bearing type model, and fixed type model) were manufactured and horizontal loading tests were peformed for these models. The results showed that the force-displacement relationship of the fixed type model was linear, but that of the rubber type model and the ball-bearing type model was bilinear. The increase in the horizontal displacement led to the increase in the horizontal stiffness of the rubber type models and the decrease in that of the ball-bearing type model. Compared with the values for fixed type model, the damping ratios of the rubber type model and the ball-bearing type model increased about 33~185％ and 263~269％, respectively.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.223-235
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• 2022

Bearing capacity of shallow foundations is often determined for either dry or saturated soils. In some occasions, foundations may be subjected to external loading which is inclined and/or eccentric. In this study, the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations resting on partially saturated coarse-grained cohesionless and fine-grained cohesive soils subjected to a wide range of combined vertical (V) - horizontal (H) - moment (M) loadings is rigorously evaluated using the well-established limit equilibrium method. The unified effective stress approach as well as the suction stress concept is effectively adopted so as to simulate the behaviour of the underlying unsaturated soil medium. In order to obtain the bearing capacity, four equilibrium equations are solved by adopting Coulomb failure mechanism and Bishop effective stress concept and also considering a linear variation of the induced matric suction beneath the foundation. The general failure loci of the shallow foundations resting on unsaturated soils at different hydraulic conditions are presented in V - H - M spaces. The results indicate that the matric suction has a marked influence on the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. In addition, the effect of induced suction on the ultimate bearing capacity of obliquely-loaded foundations is more pronounced than that of the eccentrically-loaded footings.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.597-608
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• 2022

One of the most important parameters affecting nonlinearsoil-structure interaction, especially rocking foundation, is the vertical factor of safety (F.S_v). In this research, the effect of F.S_v on the behavior of rocking foundations was experimentally investigated. A set of slow, cyclic, horizontal loading tests was conducted on elastic SDOF structures with different shallow foundations. Vertical bearing capacity tests also were conducted to determine the F.S_v more precisely. Furthermore, 10% silt was mixed with the dry sand at a 5% moisture content to reach the minimum apparent cohesion. The results of the vertical bearing capacity tests showed that the bearing capacity coefficients (N_c and N_γ) were influenced by the scaling effect. The results of horizontal cyclic loading tests showed that the trend of increase in capacity was substantially related to the source of nonlinearity and it varied by changing F.S_v. Stiffness degradation was found to occur in the final cycles of loading. The results indicated that the moment capacity and damping ratio of the system in models with lower F.S_v values depended on soil specifications such cohesiveness or non-cohesiveness and were not just a function of F.S_v.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2023

석션 버켓(suction bucket)은 해양 구조물 지지를 위해 사용되는 기초구조물 중 하나로 펌프를 이용해 빠르게 기초 시공이 가능한 장점이 있다. 최근 기초 지지력을 효과적으로 증가시키고 건설 비용을 절감하기 위해 단일 석션 버켓이나 다수의 석션 버켓이 매트기초와 결합된 하이브리드 석션 버켓기초(hybrid suction bucket foundation)가 제안되었다. 하지만 현재까지 수중구조물과 같이 작은 수직하중(자중)과 모멘트 하중 조건에서 수평하중에 대한 하이브리드 석션 버켓기초의 저항 메커니즘과 지지력에 관한 실험적 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 점토지반에 설치된 하이브리드 석션 버켓기초의 수평방향 저항 메커니즘과 지지력을 평가하기 위해 하중재하시스템을 구축하고 원심모형실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 원형매트와 단일 버켓이 결합된 하이브리드 석션 버켓기초와 사각형 매트와 4개의 버켓기초가 결합된 하이브리드 그룹 석션 버켓기초를 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 매트기초와 석션 버켓기초의 스커트(skirt) 길이가 수평방향 지지력 증진에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 그 결과, 작은 수직하중과 모멘트 하중조건에서 하이브리드 석션 버켓기초의 매트와 버켓기초 스커트가 기초의 수평방향 지지력 증진에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.