• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.331-331
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• 2017

This study was conducted to know the influence of air temperature and sunshine duration on yield, chemical component, pigment color difference and starch characteristics of two colored rice cultivars in the plain area of Yeongnam province in Korea. The $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$ value of brown rice in Hongjinju and Josaengheugchal rice cultivars was significantly different at continuous cultivated years, 2015 and 2016. The $L^*$, $b^*$ value of two colored rice was significantly increased in 2016 compared to 2015. The $a^*$ value of Josengheugchal rice cultivar was also significantly higher at 2016 than at 2015. It can be noticed the $a^*$, $b^*$, $L^*$ values in Josaengheugchal varied more than those in Hongjinju. Air temperature during ripening period in 2016 was higher than 2015, especially minimum temperature was too high to proper maturation for rice quality. In Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, sunshine duration after heading was longer in 2016 than in 2015. On the contrary, Hongjinju rice cultivar was ripened under condition of insufficient sunshine duration in 2016. The short growing duration by high temperature and long shiny duration made the lack of pigment for Josaengheugchal brown rice. In Hongjinju rice cultivar, shorten sunshine duration and higher night temperature were the source of the pigment deficiency. The grain size of rice which produced in 2016 was bigger than that of 2015 in both rice cultivars. The 1,000 grain weight of rice from 2016 was also bigger than that of 2015. Head rice ratio was high in the rice cultivars produced in 2015. Protein of milled rice in 2016 was more decreased than that of 2015 in Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, it showed reverse result in Hongjinju rice cultivar. Amylose contents of milled rice in 2016 were more decreased than that of 2015 in Hongjinju rice cultivar. Branch chain length distribution of amylopectin was shown a distinct difference between Josaengheugchal and Hongjinju rice flours by each produced year. Josaengheugchal rice cultivar produced in 2015 had a higher amount of short chains than that of 2016 rice starches. In Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, the pasting temperature and peak, trough, breakdown, final viscosity increased in rice flour which produced at 2016, whereas the setback viscosity and peak time showed lower value than those of rice from 2015. The most pasting properties (except of setback viscosity) of rice starch in Hongjinju rice cultivar grown in 2015 were higher than those of rice cultivar produced in 2016.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2013

Anthocyanin pigments from three pigmented rice varieties, Hongjinju, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal pigmented by black color, were quantified to evaluate effects of transplanting and harvesting time during seed development. Hongjinju, a rice variety of grains pigmented by red color, contains only two kinds of anthocyanins, delphinidin and cyanidin. Meanwhile, delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin were identified in Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal. Anthocyanidin contents in pigmented rice variety Hongjinju under different planting times were decreased with prolonged harvesting times. The Sintoheukmi showed that cyanidin content was the highest among analyzed pigments during seed development. Two anthocyanins (cyanidin and pelargonidin) in Josaengheugchal recorded highest contents at 20 days after heading in three transplanting times. Cyanidin content was also slightly increased with prolonged transplanting time. Total anthocyanidin contents in Hongjinju were always lower than that of Sintoheukmi and Josaengheukchal. In two rice varieties, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal, $a^*$ values were commonly slightly decreased by late transplanting and harvesting times. Changes of $a^*$ and $b^*$ values in waxy rice varieties, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal varied more than those in Hongjinju. In Josaengheugchal, early harvesting before maturity showed lower brown rice yield and late harvesting in the each transplanting times resulted in highest brown rice yield.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2017

The relationship between mean air temperature after heading and starch characteristics of colored rice grains was investigated using three colored rice cultivars. Pasting temperature within each rice cultivar with different harvest times differed. The pasting temperatures of two rice cultivars, Hongjinju and Joseongheugchal, reached the highest at 40 days after heading and decreased during the late harvest time. Distribution of amylopectin in the Hongjinju rice cultivar at the earlier harvest time contained a greater number of very short chains with the degree of polymerization (DP) between 6 and 12 and fewer chains with a DP from 13 to 24 than that of the later harvest time. However, there was little difference in the distribution of the longer chains of $25{\leq}DP{\geq}36$ and $37{\leq}DP$ for latter harvest times compared to that of the earlier ones. It was suggested that the structure of amylopectin affected the varietal differences in patterns of chain length of amylopectin during grain filling. In addition, the control of ripening was different from that causing the pigment effects in the fine structure of amylopectin in the three colored rice cultivars. Larger starch granules were observed in the Joseongheugchal rice cultivar and smaller granules occurred in the Hongjinju rice cultivar. The present study revealed that later harvest times led to a clear increase in the mean granule size of starch in the three colored rice cultivars.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.330-330
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• 2017

The tallest culm length was observed in Geonganghongmi cultivar grown in coast area, and culm length was always taller in coast area than that of inland area among these three red rice cultivars. However, number of tiller per rice plant was not affected by different cultural area. Number of spikelets per panicle was much more increased in inland area. Regional difference in number of spikelets per panicle was only observed in Jeongjinju cultivar. Among these red rice cultivars, the highest brown rice yield was Jeongjinju rice cultivar having 702kg in inland area and 692kg in coast area, respectively. The $L^*$ values, which expresses the brightness, were in the range of 36.3 ~ 36.7, 36.7 ~ 37.0, and 38.7 ~ 39.6 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. The $a^*$ values, which expresses the redness positively and greenness negatively were in the range of 12.3 ~ 12.8, 12.2 ~ 12.3, and 12.1 ~ 11.9 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. In addition, the b values, which expresses the yellowness positively and blueness negatively were in the range of 13.8 ~ 14.0, 13.6 ~ 13.5, and 14.9 ~ 14.7 in Jeogjinju, Hongjinju, Geonganghongmi rice cultivars, respectively. Anthocyanidin content ranged 524 to $610{\mu}g/g$ dry weight basis. Cyanidin content was 11.4 to 14.0 times higher than that of delphinidin under coast and inland area. Among these rice cultivars, anthocyanidin content was always higher in rice cultivar grown at coast area. Highest head brown rice rate was only observed in Geonganghongmi to 95.2 at coast area and 95.4 inland area, respectively. Protein content was always higher in coast area than that of inland area. The lowest protein content was measured in Jeogjinju and amylose content was relatively increased in inland area compared to that of coast area. Consequently, in considered with brown rice yield and pigment content, Hongjinju rice cultivar was recommended in optimal pigment rice cultivar in eastern coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.513-518
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• 2011

'홍진주'는 1990/91년 동계에 수원383호와 '자광벼'가 교배된 $F_2$ 계통에 수원383호를 여교배하여 얻은 후대를 계통육종법으로 세대를 촉진시키고 각종 특성검정을 실시하면서 생산력검정을 통하여 중생 적갈색 유색미 계통을 선발하여 수원501호로 계통명을 부여하고 2004년부터 2006년까지 3개년간 지역적응시험를 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2006년 12월 농작물 직무육성 신품종 선정위원회에서 '홍진주'로 명명되어 중부 및 남부평야지에 적응하는 국가품종목록등재품종으로 선정되었는데 그 주요특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. '홍진주' 출수기는 중부평야지 보통기 보비재배에서 8월 13일로 중생종이다. 2. 벼키는 82 cm정도로 준단간이고, 주당수수는 흑진주보다 작은 편이나 수당립수는 많고 현미천립중은 21.6 g으로 중소립이다. 3. '홍진주'는 도열병 균계검정과 밭못자리검정 결과 중약정도이고 흰잎마름병과 바이러스병 및 멸구류에 약하다. 4. '홍진주'는 불시출수, 내냉성, 수발아, 도복 등 생리장해저항성 검정에서 '흑진주벼'보다 양호한 특성을 보였다. 5. '홍진주'의 현미색은 적갈색이고 아밀로스함량은 낮은 편이다. 6. 기능성 생리활성 물질로 페놀릭산과 플라보노이드 함량이 기존의 유색미 품종들보다 많이 함유하고 있다. 7. '홍진주' 현미 수량성은 보통기 보비재배에서 5.07 MT/ha로 '흑진주벼' 대비 16% 증수되었다. 8. 재배적지는 중부 및 남부평야지이다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.329-329
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• 2017

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different harvesting time on pasting properties of starch in three colored rices. Seven major parameters of starch pasting properties, peak viscosity (PKV), hot pasting viscosity (HPV), cool pasting viscosity (CPV), setback (CPV minus PKV), breakdown (PKV minus HPV), peak time, and pasting time were determined by Rapid Visco Analyzer. The peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity and peak time were influenced by different harvesting times. Pasting time was delayed slightly with prolonged harvesting time in all rice cultivars. Pasting temperature in each rice cultivar differed from each harvesting time, and pasting temperature of the two rice cultivars, Hongjinju and Joseongheugchal, showed the highest at the 40 days after heading and then it decreased at the final harvesting time. With the delay of the harvesting time, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity, setback value and pasting temperature did not exhibit a regular trend depending on their genetic characteristics. Branch chain length distribution of amylopectin was demonstrated a distinct difference among these colored rices. In changes of amylopectin branch chain-length distribution, the amylopectin structure of Hongjinju rice cultivar as affected by different harvesting time, the shortest chain length of amylopectin in rice starch harvested at 20 days after heading was characterized by the significant increase in A chains with $DP{\geq}12$ and remarked decrease in long chains $37{\leq}DP$ compared to that of 30, 40, and 50 days after heading. In particular, when harvesting time is delayed the distribution percentage of short chain (A chains with $DP{\geq}12$) was increased except for the rice which harvested 20 days after heading. The similar results were also observed in Sintoheugmi rice cultivar like that of Hongjinju rice cultivar. Otherwise, distribution percentage of the shortest chain length of amylopectin in rice starch harvested at 20 days after heading was characterized by the significant decrease in A chains with $DP{\geq}12$ and remarked increase in B chains $13{\leq}DP{\geq}24$ compared to that of 30, 40, and 50 days after heading.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.834-839
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• 2013

본 연구는 색소의 종류가 다른 흑미와 적미의 생리기능성을 구명하여 천연 기능성 식품 소재로의 이용을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 일반 벼인 일품을 포함하여 흑미인 흑광, 흑설 및 적미인 적진주, 홍진주을 실험재료로 항산화 활성 및 암세포 성장 억제에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 추출수율 및 총 페놀함량은 흑미가 적미 보다 높았다. 총 페놀함량에서 흑미와 적미는 일반벼 보다 4배 이상 높은 수준이었다. DPPH radical 소거능은 적미와 흑미 간에는 차이가 없었으나 품종 간에는 홍진주, 흑광, 흑설, 적진주 순서로 높았다. 반면, ABTS 항산화력은 적미보다 흑미가 높았다. 이는 총 페놀화합물 함량 결과와 경향이 같았다. 암세포 성장억제 능 측정 결과, 적미는 폐암세포 성장 억제 효과가 흑미보다 높았다. 반면, 유방암 세포 성장 억제 능은 흑미와 적미 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 품종 간에는 적진주, 흑광, 홍진주, 흑설 순으로 높았다. 흑미와 적미의 생리기능성 비교 결과, 항산화 활성은 흑미가 높은 반면, 적미는 폐암세포 성장 억제 효과에서 높았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 여러 가지 벼 품종(삼광벼, 설갱벼, 큰눈벼, 화선찰벼, 홍진주벼, 흑광벼, 일품벼, 하이아미 및 녹미)의 현미와 백미 70% 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 성분과 항산화활성을 비교.분석하여 쌀의 기능적 가치를 평가함으로써 이용 가능성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 주요 품종별 현미와 백미의 항산화 성분으로는 polyphenol, flavonoid, tocopherol, tocotrienol 및 $\gamma$-oryzanol을 측정하였으며, 항산화력은 ABTS와 DPPH radical 제거능 및 환원력을 측정하였다. 각 품종의 현미와 백미의 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 1.98~3.80%와 0.44~1.28%의 추출 수율을 보였으며, 실험결과 현미 추출물에서 백미 추출물보다 높은 함량의 항산화 성분 및 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 각 품종의 현미와 백미 중에서 항산화 성분 및 항산화 활성이 높은 품종으로는 유색미인 홍진주벼로 나타났다. 홍진주벼와 더불어 흑광벼에서도 상당한 항산화 성분을 함유하고 있었으며, 그에 따른 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 쌀의 항산화 성분과 항산화 활성 연구에 있어 $\gamma$-oryzanol, polyphenol 등과 같이 항산화 활성을 보이는 성분들은 백미 추출물보다는 현미 추출물에서 다량 포함되어 있었으며 일반벼보다는 유색미에서 다량 함유되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 쌀 기능성 구명연구를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고, 금후 건강증진 식품으로서 쌀의 효능을 소비자들에게 인식시켜 나아가 쌀 소비 촉진에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the biological activities of 70% ethanol extracts from rice husks of nine rice cultivars in Korea. The relative antioxidant activities of rice husk extracts were evaluated by determining DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The contents of total polyphenol, flavonoid and r-oryzanol were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Among the extracts of rice husks, Nokmi rice husks tended to have the most effective antioxidant activities compared to other rice husk varieties. Seolgaeng rice husk extract showed anti-proliferative activity against cancer cell lines (MCF7 and NCI-H460), and Hongjinju rice husk extract significantly exhibited mitogenic activity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.318-322
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• 2017

The study was carried out to determine the changes of growth characteristics, anthocyanidin, and brown rice yield grown at coast and inland areas apart from the east coastline of Gyeongsangbuk-do province. Number of spikelets per panicle was much more increased in inland area. Regional difference in number of spikelets per panicle was observed in Jeongjinju cultivar. Among these red rice cultivars, the highest brown rice yield was Jeongjinju rice cultivar having 702 kg in inland area and 692 ㎏ in coast area, respectively. Anthocyanidin content ranged 524 to $610{\mu}g/g$ dry weight basis. Cyanidin content was 11.4 to 14.0 times higher than that of delphinidin under coast and inland area. Anthocyanidin content was higher in rice cultivar grown at coast area. Highest head brown rice rate was only observed in Geonganghongmi to 95.2 at coast area and 95.4 inland area. In considering brown rice yield and pigment content, Hongjinju rice cultivar was recommended in optimal pigment rice cultivar in eastern coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province.