• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2019

The remote phosphor structure has been proven to bear greater luminous efficiency than both the conformal phosphor and in-cup phosphor structures; however, controlling its color quality is much more challenging. To solve this dilemma, various researchers have proposed dual-layer phosphor and triple-layer phosphor configuration as techniques to enhance the display brightness of white LEDs (WLEDs). Likewise, this study picked one of these configurations to utilize in multichip WLEDs with five distinct color temperatures in the range from 5600 to 8500 K, for the purpose of improving the optical properties of WLEDs, such as color rendering index (CRI), color quality scale (CQS), luminous efficacy (LE), and chromatic homogeneity. According to the results of this research, the triple-layer phosphor configuration has superior performance compared to other configurations in terms of CRI, CQS, and LE, and yields higher chromatic stability for WLEDs.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.47-50
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• 2019

The paper gives the results of the experiments with a model two-section REBCO solenoid cooled by either gaseous helium (GHe) or sub-cooled/solid nitrogen (SN2) in (50-77) K temperature range. The major cooling source was a single-stage cryocooler Sumitomo CH-110 with the cooling power of 175 W and 130 W at 77 K and 50 K respectively. The coil itself was not directly conduction cooled. We compare the time taken by both coolants to obtain the temperature of the magnet of about 50 K and the homogeneity of the temperature distribution within the cryostat. Test results for the coil operation in solid nitrogen together with the comparison of its critical properties in SN2 and GHe are also presented.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제30권1_2호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2018

목 적 : 본원에서 사용하는 양성자 에너지는 크기에 따라 도달거리가 달라지며, Compensator는 Distal 두께에 따라 Energy의 크기를 다르게 할 수 있으며 이로 인해 Dose rate이 변화된다. 따라서 Compensator distal의 두께를 변화시키면서 Dose 분포 및 Beam on time에 대한 영향을 평가해보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 양성자치료를 받은 에너지가 낮은 환자 5명을 대상으로 실험하였다. 선택된 환자들의 기존 치료 시 Beam on time을 확인하였으며 이 후 양성자치료계획시스템(TPS)을 통하여 Compensator의 Distal 두께를 기존 두께에서 2 cm씩 최대 14 cm까지 증가시켜가며 치료계획을 비교 평가하였다. Dose 분포를 평가하기 위하여 Target의 Conformity Index(CI)값과 Homogeneity Index(HI)값, Target 후면부의 Organ at risk(OAR)의 최대선량을 비교하였으며 치료시간에 대한 영향을 평가하고자 Compensator Distal 두께 별로 제작하여 Beam on time을 비교하여 평가하였다. 결 과 : Compensator의 Distal 두께를 증가시켜 Homogeneity Index, Conformity Index를 분석한 결과 모든 환자에서 동일한 수치가 나왔다. Target 후면부의 OAR을 비교한 결과 Abdomen의 Spine cord에 최대 7 cGy, Eyeball의 RT Lens에서 88 cGy, Nasal cavity의 RT Lens에 391 cGy, Mediastinum의 Trachea에 51 cGy, Pelvis의 Small bowl에 661 cGy 증가하였다. Beam on time을 비교한 결과 Abdomen의 경우 기존 126초에서 최대 62초, Eyeball의 경우 105초에서 37초, Nasal cavity의 경우 기존 187초에서 134초, Mediastinum의 경우 기존 100초에서 40초, Pelvis의 경우 기존 440초에서 118초로 감소하였다. 결 론 : 연구결과 Compensator의 distal 두께가 두꺼워질수록 에너지의 크기를 증가시킬 수 있으며 Dose rate이 증가하여 Beam on time이 감소하는 효과가 있었다. 이는 Beam on time이 많이 소요되는 호흡동조치료를 요하는 Liver, 마취를 하는 소아환자에게 적용한다면 치료시간 단축과 환자의 편의성 면에서 큰 도움을 줄 것으로 평가된다. 하지만 에너지의 크기가 증가할수록 Distal penumbra가 증가하기 때문에 Target 후면부에 OAR이 인접해 있는 경우는 양성자치료계획 시 Penumbra의 영향을 고려한 적절한 Compensator 두께를 설정할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.651-658
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effect of Taping therapy on Range of Motion, pain, and depression in stroke patients in the home without complete recovery as a means of nursing intervention. Method: Twenty seven subjects out of fifty four people who were attending in the stroke self-help group in one community health center in S city were asked to participate in this Quai-experimental study. The Taping therapy was a method that stick to the illness area and the point of pressure pain, the elastic and cross tape without medicine treatment with domestic products. Nursing intervention was independently completed by researcher once a week over two period of 12 weeks from September 2001 to March 2002 year. Data were analyzed using the SPSS win. The homogeneity between the experimental group and control group was test by x2 and t-test. The difference of experimental before and after were tested by the unpaired t-test. Result: The shoulder joint flexion and abduction, the elbow joint flexion and extension, the hip joint flexion, and the flexion of knee joint in the ROM of the experimental group were significantly improved over those of the control group. In difference of pain, rest and painful movement, the experimental group were significantly decreased over those of the control group. The difference of depression in experimental before and after was significantly decreased in the experimental group over those of the control group. Conclusion: The Taping therapy intervention proved effect pain relief and depression decrease as well as promote of range of motion.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2019

Purpose: This study tries to examine the effects of hand moxibustion and press pellet by applying them to male manufacturing workers with low back pain, and use them to develop nursing interventions for workers. Methods: The data were collected from August to October, 2018, and the subjects were 60 men, processed by using SPSS/WIN 21.0 to perform homogeneity test with $x^2$-, t-, and hypothesis tests with repeated measures, ANOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test. Results: Hypothesis 1 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would give lower scores for low back pain than the control group" was supported (F=78.71, p<.001). Hypothesis 2 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would have a wider range of motion than the control group" was also supported (F=17.44, p<.001). Hypothesis 3 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would give lower scores for depression than the control group," again, was supported (F=16.95, p<.001). Conclusion: Hand moxibustion and hand press pellet are effective in relieving low back pain for male workers, in increasing the range of motion, and in decreasing depression.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1996

By using a T7 expression system, a large amount of Bacillus stearothermophilus endo-xylanase A (XynA) could be produced in Escherichia coli cells. The overproduced enzyme formed inclusion bodies, and so the protein could be more easily purified to homogeneity. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 22 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 43 kDa by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration, suggesting that the native enzyme was a homodimer. The pI value was determined to be 8.4. The Michaelis constants for birchwood xylan and oat spelts xylan were calculated to be 3.83 mg/ml and 5.03 mg/ml, respectively, and the $V_{max}$ max/ values for both xylans were 2.86 $\mu mole$/min. The purified enzyme was most active at $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0, and stable up to $60^{\circ}C$ and in the near neutral pH range. From the zymogram, Bacillus stearothermophilus was found to have at least three xylanases and the purified one was the smallest among them.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.469-474
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• 1999

Thermoactinomyces sp. E79 produced two types of thermostable alkaline proteases extracellularly. A minor protease was separated from a major protease by using DEAE-column chromatography. This enzyme was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate and DEAE-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography. The purified minor protease showed different biochemical properties compared to the major protease. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated by SDS-PAGE to be 36 kDa. Its optimum temperature and pH for proteolytic activity against Hammarsten casein were $70^{\circ}C$ and 9.0, respectively. The enzyme was stable up to$75^{\circ}C$ and in an alkaline pH range of 9.0-11.0. The enzyme was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and $Hg^{2+}, indicating that the enzyme may be a cysteine-dependent serine protease. In addition, the enzyme cleaved the endoproteinase substrate, succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p- nitroanilide, and the $K_m$ value for the substrate was 1.2 mM.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2013

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a very powerful instrument that can be used to analyze a wide range of materials such as proteins, peptides, DNA, drugs, and polymers. The process typically involves either chemical or electron (impact) ionization of the analyte. The resulting charged species or fragment is subsequently identified by the detector. Usually, single mass uses source-induced dissociation (SID), whereas mass/mass uses collision-induced dissociation (CID) to analyze the chemical fragmentations Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. While CID is most effective for the analysis of pure substances, multiple-step MS is a powerful technique to get structural data. Analysis of veterinary drugs ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and oxytetracycline serves to highlight the slight differences between SID and CID. For example, minor differences were observed between ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline via SID or CID. However, distinct fragmentation patterns were observed for ampicllin depending on the analysis method. Both SID and CID showed similar fragmentation spectra but different signal intensities for chloramphenicol. There are several factors that can influence the fragmentation spectra, such as the collision energy, major precursor ion, electrospray mode (positive or negative), and sample homogeneity. Therefore, one must select a fragmentation method on an empirical and case-by-case basis.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose a solution to the case where $V_{50}$ calculation is impossible in the process of bulletproof test. Methods: In this study, we proposed a $V_{50}$ estimation method using logistic regression analysis. Six scenarios were applied by combining the homogeneity of the sample and the speed range. Then, 1,000 simulations were performed per scenario and six assumptions reflecting the reality were applied. Results: The result of the study, it was confirmed that there was no statistical difference between the $V_{50}$ value calculated by the conventional method and the $V_{50}$ value calculated by the improvement method. Therefore, in situations where $V_{50}$ can not be calculated, it is reasonable to use logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: This study develops a methodology that is easy to use and reliable by using statistical model based on actual data.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.148-153
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• 1999

Laccase produced by Coriolus hirsutus was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by acetone precipitation, Sephacryl S-2000 HR chromatography, DEAE Sepharose CL-6B chromatography, and Mono Q HR 5/5 chromatography. The purification of laccase was 46.6-fold with an overall yield of 23.7%. Laccase from this fungus was a monomeric glycoprotein with 16% carbohydrate content, and has an isoelectric point of 4.2, and molecular mass of 78 kDa, respectively. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed significant homology to hoste of laccases from Coriolus versicolor, Pycnoporus cinnabarius, and an unidentified basidiomycete, PM1. The highest rate of 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) oxidation by laccase was reached at 45$^{\circ}C$, and te pH optima of the enzyme varied depending on the substrate in the range of 2.0 to 4.5. The enzyme was stable at 60$^{\circ}C$ for 5 h and lost 80% activity at 80$^{\circ}C$ in 30 min. The enzyme oxidized a variety of usual laccase substrates including lignin-related phenol, and had the highest affinity toward ABTS. Under standard assay conditions, the apparent Km value of the enzyme toward ABTS was 8.1 ${\mu}$M. The enzyme was completely inhibited by L-cysteine and sodium azide, but not by potassium cyanide, SDS, ad thiourea.